CARDIFF

parl. bor. and seapt., on 3° 10’ W.); has castle dating from 11th cent., which was besieged by Cromwell in 1648; town almost destroyed during siege by Owen Glen dower in 1404. Among outstanding features are two parish churches, free library, museum, hospital, etc.; several parks, including Cathays Park, in which is Univ. College (one of three colleges of univ. of Wales); magnificent new town hall, munic. buildings, and law courts; offices of Central Board of Education for Wales, borough technical schools, and Baptist theological coll. Great manufacturing and trading center; exports enormous quantities of coal, also iron, tinplate, etc.; industries include shipbuilding, smelting, iron and steel works, brewing, manufacture of chemicals, etc.; imports ores, provisions, live cattle, esparto; has large cold-storage accommodation and W.), maritime country, 8S. Wales; bounded by Merioneth, Montgomery, broke, and Cardigan Vay; area, 692 sq. miles; surface generally mountainous, except along coast; highest peak, PlinRheidol, Ystwith. Soil is chiefly clay, loam, or peat; produces wheat, barley, oats, and other crops; cattle, sheep, and horses raised; minerals include lead, zinc, silver, copper, slate; manufactures gloves, woolens; chief towns, Cardigan, Aberystwith, Lampeter. OC. was occupied by Romans; invaded by Danes in X. and XI. cent’s; by Normans in 1092; annexed to England by Edward I., 1284. Pop. 1921, 61,292.