One i out

See Oneida. Onesimus (ō-nes'i-mus), Saint. A disciple of St. Paul, martyred in 95. His day is celebrated Feb. 16 in the Roman calendar. Ongaro, Dall'. See Dall ' Ongaro . Onias Menelaus (ō-ni'as men-e-lā'us). High priest of the Jews 172-162 B. C. He was a Benj am i nite, not of priestly family, but secured the office from Antiochus Epiphanes, to whom Judea was then subject, by the payment of a bribe. In order to pay this bribe he despoiled the temple of its sacred ve els. In 171 he killed the rightful high priest, Onias III. With the help of An tiochus he introduced Greek worship and the sacrifice of swine into the temple. These acts brought about the revolt of the Maccabees. He was killed by Lysias, the guar dian of Antiochus V. Onion River. See Winooski . Onomacritus (on-ō-mak'ri-tus). [Gr. ' Ονομάκρι τος .] Lived about 530-485 в. с. A Greek prophet and mystic poet. Onondaga (on-on-dä'ga). [Pl., also On on dag as . The name means 'on the top of the mountain.'] A tribe of North American Indians. In the councils of the Iroquois Confederacy they were called by a name meaning 'they who keep the council-fire.' In the old Dutch maps they are styled Capitan a es. They had their chief seat upon the lake and creek in New York which bear their name, and claimed the country to Lake Ontario on the north, and to the Susquehanna River on the south. Many of them joined the Catholic Iroquois colonies on the St. Lawrence before 1751. At the close of the Revo lutionary War more were settled on Grand River, Ontario, and the remainder are in New York. Their present total number is about 900. See Iroquois . Onondaga Lake Onondaga (on-on-da'gä) Lake. A small lake in central New York, north-northwest of Syra cuse. Its outlet is Seneca River. Onosander (on-o-san'der). [Gr. ' Oνόσανδρος .] A Greek writer on military tactics. Of tacticians subsequent to Polybius, the most noted was Onosander, who flourished in the middle of the List century of our era, and dedicated to Q. Veranius Nepos, consul in A. D. 49, a brief but comprehensive treatise on the military art, which has come down to us, with the title Στρατηγικός λόγος. It is divided into 42 chapters, and gives instructions with regard to all the details of a cam paign. It is written in Attic Greek, and in a sufficiently pure style. The author, who was also known as a commentator on Plato, was the source of the military writings of the Emperors Mauritius and Leo, and in a French translation was used as a manual of the military art by Maurice of Saxony. Muller , Hist. of the Lit. of Anc. Greece, [III. 280. ( Donald son .) Onotes (ō-nō'tās). An extinct tribe of Indians who inhabited the eastern shore of Lake Maracaibo. They were fishermen, and built their houses on piles in the water. Ojeda, who found them in 1499, was reminded by their dwellings of Venice (whence he named the country Venezuela). Probably the Onotes were soon carried off into slavery; but huts similar to theirs are still made in the same region. IMG:content-0755.png:[ocr errors] IMG:content-0756.png:[ocr errors] IMG:content-0757.png:[ocr errors] Ferrand, France, July 27, 1784: Oct. 3, 1853. A French composer of instrumental music. Ontario (on-ta'ri-ō), formerly called Upper Canada. A province of the Dominion of Canada. Capital, Toronto. It is bounded by Hudson Bay, the Northeast Territory, and Quebec on the northeast and east, and on the south and west by the United States, from which it is in the main separated by the St. Lawrence, Lake Ontario, Niagara River, Lake Erie, Detroit River, Lake and River St. Clair, Lake Huron, St. Mary's River, and Lake Superior: Manitoba bounds it on the west. It has a hilly and diversified surface; belongs to the St. Lawrence and Hudson Bay basins; produces cereals, apples and other fruits, etc.; has manufactures of lumber, machinery, cotton and woolen goods, etc.; and has rich min eral resources. The government is vested in a lieutenant governor, executive council, and legislative a embly. It sends 24 members to the Dominion Senate, 92 to the House of Commons. The inhabitants are chiefly of English, Irish, Scottish, German, and French descent, Ontario was explored by the French in the 17th century. It was ceded to Great Britain in 1763, and was largely settled by Tories in the American Revolutionary period. It was separated from Quebec (Lower Canada) and called Upper Canada in Landry parish, Louisiana, 56 miles west of Baton Rouge. Population (1890), 1,572. Opequan (ō-pek'an) Creek. A small river in Virginia which joins the Potomac above Harper's Ferry. Near it was the scene of the battle of Winchester, Sept. 19, 1864. See Winchester. Ophelia (ō-fe'liä). The daughter of Polonius, in Shakspere's "Hamlet." Her mind gives way when Hamlet abandons her to prosecute his revenge, and while gathering flowers by a brook she is drowned. Ophelia, Mi . A strong-minded, clear-headed New England woman in Mrs. Stowe's "Uncle Tom's Cabin." Ophir (ō'fèr). In Old Testament geography, a country whence gold, silver, precious stones, ivory, sandalwood, apes, and peacocks were brought. It was especially noted for its gold. The fleet of Solomon occupied 3 years in making the journey. It has been variously identified with India, Sumatra, the coast of Malabar, the east coast of Africa, and the southern or southeastern portion of Arabia on the Persian Gulf. The last identification has in its favor the statement in Gen. x. 29, where Ophir is mentioned as the son of Joktan. Ophir (o'fer), Mount. 1. A volcano in Sumatra, near the western coast, about lat. 0°, long. 100° E. Height, about 10,000 feet. -2. A moun tain east of Malacca, Malay Peninsula. Height, about 3,800 feet. Ophites (of'its). A Gnostic body, of very early origin, especially prominent in the 2d century, and existing as late as the 6th century. Its members were so called because they held that the serpent (Gr. όφις) by which Eve was tempted was was the impersonation of divine wisdom, the great teacher and civilizer of the human race. Also called Naa enes . Ophiuchus (of-i-ū'kus). [Gr. Οφιούχος , from ὅφις , a serpent, andέχειν , to hold.] An ancient north- ern constellation, representing a man holding a serpent; the Serpent-bearer. Also called Ser- pentarius. The Serpent is now treated as a separate constellation. Opie (o'pi), Mrs. (Amelia Alders on). Born at Norwich, England, Nov. 12, 1769: died there, Dec. 2, 1853. An English novelist, daughter of Dr. Alders on of Norwich, and wife of John Opie the painter. She published various novels, the first, "Father and Daughter," appearing in 1801. In 1825 she became a Quaker. After this appeared her "Illustrations of Lying," "Detraction Displayed," etc. 1791. It was the scene of the battles of the Thames, Lundy's Opie, John. Born at St. Agnes, near Truro, May, Lane, etc., in the War of 1812. An unsucce ful rebellion occurred in 1837. It was reunited to Quebec in 1841, and was again separated and became the province of Ontario in the new Dominion in 1867. Area, 219,650 square miles. Population (1891), 2,114,321. Ontario, Lake. The smallest and easternmost of the five great lakes, lying between the province of Ontario on the north and New York State on the south. It is connected with Lake Erie by the Niagara River, and for navigation by the Well and Canal. Its outlet is the St. Lawrence River. Kingston, Toronto, Hamilton, Oswego, and Sackett's Harbor are on its banks. Length, 190 miles. Width, 55 miles. Area, about 7,500 square miles. Elevation, 234 feet. Onteniente (on-ta-ne-en'tā). A town in the province of Valencia, Spain, situated 46 miles south by west of Valencia. Population (1887), 11,165. Oodeypore. See Udaipur . Oost (ost), Jakob van. Born at Bruges, Belgium, about 1600: died there, 1671. A Flemish painter. Oost, Jakob van, surnamed "The Younger." Born about 1639: died at Bruges, 1713. A Flemish historical painter, son of J. van Oost (16001671). Oosterhout (ōs'ter-hout). A town in the province of North Brabant, Netherlands, 25 miles southeast of Rotter dam. Population (1889), commune, 10,425. Ootacamund (ö-tä-kä-mund'). A sanatorium in the Nilgiri Hills, Deccan, India. Elevation, 7,220 feet. Oparo (ō-pä'rō), or Rapa (rä'pä). A mountainous island in the South Pacific, often cla ed in the Austral group. Opata (ō'pä-tä). [Pl., also Opatas ; a corruption of a Pima term signifying enemy.] A division of the Piman stock of North American Indians. It embraced the following agricultural tribes: Opata, Eudeve, Jova, Teguima, Coguinachi, Tegui, Contla, and, probably, the Imures. Its habitat extends from the western boundary of Chihuahua to the Rio San Miguel in Sonora, Mexico, and from the main fork of the Rio Yaqui, about lat. 28°, northward to the southern boundary of Arizona, with settlements mainly in the Rio Sonora valley. It numbers about 5,500. See Piman. Opatow (ō'pä-tov). A town in the government of Radom, Ru ian Poland, situated on the Opatowka 100 miles south of Warsaw. Population (1890), 6,023. Opelousas (op-e-lö'sas). The capital of St. 1761: died April 9, 1807. An English painter. In 1780 he went to London under the patronage of Dr. Wolcot (Peter Pindar), who announced him as "the Cornish wonder." In 1786 he exhibited his first historical picture, the "A a ination of James I.," and in 1787 the "Murder of Rizzio." His lectures at the Royal Academy were pub lished in 1809. Opimius (ō-pim'i-us), Lucius. Roman consul 121 B. C. He was put forward by the senate to cppose the reforms of Caius Gracchus, and was the leader of the optimates who killed Gracchus with 3,000 of his followers in 121. He was afterward exiled for accepting bribes from Jugurtha. Opitz (ō'pits), Martin. Born at Bunzlau, Silesia, Dec. 23, 1597: died at Dantzic, Aug. 20, 1639. A German poet and writer. He attended the gymnasia of Bunzlau, Breslau, and Beuthen where he wrote in Latin his first work, "Aristarchus," in praise of the German language as a poetical medium. In 1618 he went to the university at Frankfort-on-the-Oder to study jurisprudence, whence the following year he went to Hef. delberg. In 1620, after the outbreak of the Thirty Years' War, he went to Holland. At Leyden he became acquaint ed with the philologist Heinsius, whom he followed to Jutland, where he wrote the poems, published 18 years later, "Trostgedichte in Widerwärtigkeiten des Krieges" ("Poems of Consolation in the Adversities of War"). In 1622 he was called to a position in the gymnasium at We is sen burg. He returned, however, in the following year to Silesia, where he went into the service of the Protestant duke of Liegnitz. In 1624 appeared his "Buch von der deutschen Poeterey" ("Book of the German Art of Poe try"), which became the principal authority on versifica tion and style. In 1626 he went into the service of the Catholic Count Dohna at Breslau. In 1628 he was en by the emperor Ferdinand II. After the death of Count Dohna, in 1633, he went back to the Duke of Liegnitz, was subsequently with the Swedes, and ultimately was made secretary and historiographer to King Ladislaus IV. of Poland, at Dantzic, where he died of the plague. He was the founder of the first Silesian school of poets, so called. He wrote secular, religious, and didactic descriptive poems: to the last cla belong "Zlatna" and "Vesuvius." Some of his hymns are to be found in the church hymn-books. His "Hercynia" is a prose idyl in which verses are occasionally introduced. Among other translations he made a version of the text of the Italian opera "Daphne," which was produced at Torgau in 1627, and was, accordingly, the first German opera. By his advocacy of the Alexandrine verse and the precepts of his "Art of Poetry" he brought about a reform of German versification, in that the poets of the preceding centuries had simply counted the number of syllables, without reference to the quality of those upon which the metrical accent fell. Opium War. A war between Great Britain and China, due to the attempt of the Chinese government to prevent the importation of opium. It began in 1840, and was ended by the treaty of Nanking (which see) in 1842. Opuntian Locrians Oporto (ō-por'tō; Pg. pron. ö-por'tö). A district in the province of Entre Douro e Minho. Population (1890), 550,391. Oporto, Pg. o Porto ('The Port'). A seaport, chief city of the province Entre Douro e Minho, Portugal, situated on the Douro, near its mouth, in lat. 41° 9′ N., long. 8° 37′ W. Next to Lisbon it is the chief city of the kingdom and chief manufacturing place. It manufactures cotton, silk, etc., and has been famous since 1678 as the place of export for port wine. The cathedral is early Pointed, but modernized. The cloister, of 1385 but earlier in character, survives, with well-carved, almost Romanesque, capitals. The Maria Pia. or railroad bridge acro the Douro, is an openwork arch of iron, of 525 feet span and 198 feet height in the clear. The bridge of Dom Luis I., of similar construction, finished in 1886, has a span of 566 feet and a height of 200. The town was taken by the Arabs in 716; was taken by the Duke of Wellington in 1809; was the scene of the beginning of the revolution of 1820; was defended against Dom Miguel 1832-33; and has been the scene of insurrection, particularly in 1846-47 and 1890. Population (1890), 139,856, Oposura (ō-po-sö'rä). [Opata, 'heart of the iron-wood.'] The capital of the district of Mосtezuma, also called by that name in the province of Sonora, Mexico. It contains about 2,000 inhabitants, and lies on the bank of the Oposura River. It has suffered a great deal from the depredations of the Apaches during the 19th Oppen op pentury town in the province of Silesia, Pru ia, situated on the Oder in lat. 50° 40′ N., long. 17° 55′ E. It was formerly the capital of a principality of Oppeln, which was united to the empire in the 16th century. Population (1890), 19,206. Oppenheim (op'pen-him). A town in the province of Rhine He e, He e, situated on the Rhine 11 miles south by east of Mainz. In the middle ages it was an important free imperial city. It contains the ruins of the fortre Landskron. Population (1890), 3,425. Oppert Oppert (op'pert), Jules. Jules. Born at Hamburg, July 9, 1825. A distinguished French Orientalist, of Hebrew descent: appointed profe or of Sanskrit in the Imperial Imperial Library at Paris in 1857, and of A yriology at the the Collège de France (where he had taught from 1869) in 1874. He was employed by the French government in explorations in Asiatic Turkey 1851-54. Among his numerous publications are "Etudes a yriennes" (1857), "Expédition de Mésopotamie" (1859-61), "Grande inscription du palais de Khors a bad" (1863), "La chronologie de la Génèse " (1879), etc. Oppian (op'i-an). [From L. Oppianus , from Gr. 'Οππιανός.] Lived in the latter part of the 2d century A.D. A Greek poet of Cilicia. He was the author of a poem on fishing, "Halieutic a" (Gr. 'Αλιευτικά), and was wrongly considered the author of a poem on hunting, "Cynegetic a." Oppido Mamertina (op'pē-dō mä-mer-tē'nä). A town in the province of Reggio di Calabria, southern Italy, 23 miles northeast of Reggio. Population (1881), commune, 6,477. Oppius (op'i-us), Caius. A friend and contemporary of Julius Cæsar, reputed author of the history of the African war. Opportunists (op-or-tū'nists). In recent French history, the republican party represented by Gambetta, Ferry, and others, who adapted their course to the exigencies of the time: opposed to radicals and doctrinaires. O. P. Riots. The "old-price riots," which took place at Covent Garden Theatre, London, in 1809. The cost of the new theater then just built was so great that the proprietors raised the price of admi ion, and the public resolved to resist. The house opened on the 18th of September, 1809, with "Macbeth" and the "Quaker." The audience was dense and furious. They sat with their backs to the stage, or stood on the seats, their hats on, to hi and hoot the Kemble family especially; not a word of the performance was heard, for when the audience were not denouncing the Kembles, they were singing and shouting at the very tops of their then fresh voices. The upper gallery was so noisy that soldiers, of whom 500 were in the house, rushed in to capture the rioters, who let themselves down to the lower gallery, where they were hospitably received. The sight of the soldiers increased the general exasperation. [The excitement continued for weeks, and many of the rioters were arrested.] The acquittal of leading rioters gave a little spirit to some after displays; but it led to a settlement. Audiences continued the affray, flung peas on the stage to bring down the dancers, and celebrated their own O. P. dance before leaving; but, at a banquet to celebrate the triumph of the cause in the acquittal of the leaders, Mr. Kemble himself appeared. Terms were there agreed upon; and on the sixty-seventh night a banner in the house, with "We are satisfied" inscribed on it, proclaimed that all was over. After such a fray the satisfaction was dearly bought. The 4s. rate of admi ion to the pit was diminished by 6d., but the half-price remained at 2s. The private boxes were decreased in number, but the new price of admi ion to the boxes was maintained. Thus, the managers, after all, had more of the victory than the people; but it was bought dearly.