ROSES, WARS OF THE

Eng. civil wars of XV. cent. between houses of York and Lancaster; name taken from badges of combatants (white and red rose respectively). Yorkists won St. Albans, 1455; Store heath, 1459; North amp ton, 1460; Mortimer’s Cro , 1461; Towton, 1461; Hedgeley Moor and Hexham, 1464; Barnet, 1471; Tewkesbury, 1471. Lancastrians won Wake field, 1460; St. Albans, 1461; Bosworth, 1485. Dispute settled by marriage of Henry VII., victor at Bosworth, with Elizabeth of York. See Yor«x, DuKEpoM oF; Lancaster, House or; Enauanp (HisTORY). Egypt, on Rosetta arm of Nile, in delta, The Rosetta Stone (discovered 1799) with its triplicate inscription opened the way to the interpretation of Egyptian hieroglyphics.