Franck

(frink), (1) Melchior, Zittau, ca. 1573—Coburg, June 1, 1639; from 1603 court-cond. at Coburg; a prolific and important c. of secular and church-music, a pioneer in improving _accompaniment; two of his chorales ‘Jerusalem, das hochgebaute Stadt,’ and ‘‘Wenn ich Todesnithen. bin,” are still sung; he is said to have written the text for many hymns. (2) Jn. W., Hamburg, 1641—London, ca. 1696; opera cond.; c. 14 operas. (3) (fran), César Auguste, Liége, Dec. 10, 1822 —Paris, Nov. 8, 1890; important and influential Belgian composer; pupil Liége Cons., then of Paris Cons., where he took 1st prize for piano, and 2d for comp., also succeeding his organ-teacher, Benoist, as prof. there in 1872, and as organist at Ste. Clothilde; c. a notable symph. poem with chorus ‘‘Les béatitudes,” symph. poems ‘“‘Le cha eur maud it,” “Psyché” and ‘‘Les Eolides”’; a universally popular symphony in D minor, a succ. com. opera ‘‘ Hulda” (Monte Carlo, 1894), 2 oratorios, an unfinished opera “‘Ghisella,”’ a sonata for pf. and vln.; quintet for piano and strings; pf.-pcs.; organ-music, _ gongs, etc.; biog. by Derepas (Paris, ’97), Destranges, the superb volume of Vincent d’Indy, one of the best estimates; and other studies by Coquard, Meyer, Garnier, Bald ens per ger, Canudo, Van den Borren, Séré, de Rudder, etc. A peculiarly lovable figure in music, F. has gained a great discipleship since his death both among musicians and the general public. His modesty and nobility of soul were allied with a highly original musical equipment, in which the sensuous and mystical elements are balanced by a strong sense of form. He entirely revolutionised the pattern of French instrumental music by reviving the polyphony which had long ceased to be a prominent factor in it; his much freer than those previously Through his in vogue in France. disciple, d’Indy, he set in motion a schoo! of ‘‘Franc kists,”? were opposed in aim to the extreme modernists who took their start from Debu y. These two tendencies are still warring in French music. (See article, page 496.) (4) Eduard, Breslau, 1817—Berlin, 1893; profe or (5) Jos., Liége, 1820 and composer. —Paris, 1891; bro. of (3); organist and teacher, Paris; pub. “Ode to St. Cecilia” (with orch.); cantatas, etc, Franck’enstein, Clemens, von, b. Wiesentheid, Lower Franc on i a, July 14, 1875; composer and impresario; pupil of Thuille, also of Knorr at Hoch Cons.; visited America; cond. in London, 1902-07; then in Wiesbaden Berlin; t9r2-18 and 1924-34, general intendant at Munich Op.; c. (operas) “Griseldis,”. ‘‘Rahab,” ‘‘For tun at us,” “‘Ti-Tai-Pe’’ (the last with succ. in Hamburg and Munich); also orch., chamber music, songs.