Butler, the author of "Hudibras," Dr

Sprat, Mar "The Rehearsal Trans prosed" is indebted to it. Rehfues (ra'füs), Philipp Joseph von. Born at Tübingen, Würtemberg, Oct. 2, 1779: died on his estate near the Drachenfels, Oct. 21, 1843. A German novelist and miscellaneous author. Rehoboam (re-hộ-bō'am). King of Judah 953932 в. с. (Duncker), son of Solomon. His acces sion was the signal for the revolt of the ten northern tribes under the leadership of Jeroboam, which resulted in the separation of the Hebrews into two kingdoms, that of Ju dah and that of Israel. Rehoboth (re-ho'both). The name of three places mentioned in the Old Testament: (1) Rehoboth-Ir, a city near Nineveh; (2) a city near the Euphrates: po ibly the modern Rahabeh; (3) well situ. ated probably about 20 miles south of Beersheba, Palestine: the modern Wady Ruheibe. Rehoboth Bay. A bay on the coast of Delaware, south of Cape Henlopen. Reicha (ri'chä), Anton Joseph. Born at Prague, Feb. 27, 1770: died at Paris, May 28, 1836. A composer and writer on music. He published "Traité de mélodie" (1814), "Cours de composition musicale" (1818), "Traité de haute composition musicale" (1824-26), "L'Art du compos it eur dram at i que" (1833). Reichard (ri'chärt), Paul. Born at Neuwied on the Rhine, Dec. 2, 1854. An African explorer. When Leopold II. and the German government sent, in 1880, Dr. Kaiser and Dr. Böhm on an expedition to central Africa, Reichard joined them. The station Kakoma was founded, Lake Upemba was discovered, tracts of land were Lualaba basin was but only Reichard and reached again the east coast in 1884. equired by Richard, and much new ground in the upper Reichardt (rī'chärt), Johann Fried rich. Born at Königsberg, Pru ia, Nov. 25, 1752: died at Giebichenstein, near Halle, Pru ia, June 27, 1814. A German composer and musical writer, best known now from his songs. Reichenau (ri'che-nou). An island in the Untersee of the Lake of Con stance, 5 miles northwest of Con stance. It has belonged to Baden since 1803. It was formerly noted for its Benedictine abbey, founded about 728 (secularized in 1799). Length, 3 miles. Reichenbach (richen-bäch). A small tributary of the Aar, in the canton of Bern, Switzerland, which joins the Aar 16 miles east of Interlaken. It is celebrated for the beauty of its cascades (at its entrance into the Aar valley). Reichenbach. A town in the kingdom of Saxony, 31 miles southwest of Chemnitz. It has manufactures of woolens. Population (1890), 21,496, Reichenbach. A manufacturing town in the province of Silesia, Pru ia, 32 miles southwest of Breslau. Here, Aug. 16, 1762, Frederick the Great defeated the Austrians under Laudon; and here a convention was signed, July 27, 1790, by which the emperor Leopold agreed not to annex Turkish territory. A treaty was con clubs i dies found Pru ian terrain agreed to subsidies for Ru ia and Pru ia in the war against Napoleon. Population (1890), 13,040. Reichenbach. A small town in the province of Silesia, Pru ia, 9 miles west of Görlitz. Near it, May 22, 1813, the French defeated the Ru ians. Population (1890), 1,944. Reichenbach, Anton Benedict. Born 1807: died 1880. A German naturalist, brother of H. G. L. Reichenbach. Reichenbach, Georg von. Born at Durlach, Baden, Aug. 24, 1772: died May 21, 1826. A German mechanician, manufacturer of astronomical and mathematical instruments. Reichenbach, He in rich Gottlieb Ludwig. Born at Leipsic, Jan. 8, 1793: died March 17, 1879. A German botanist and zoölogist, profe or at Dresden from 1820. His chief work is "Flora Germanic a" (with the "Iconographia," 1823-84). He also wrote "Regnum animale" (1834-36), etc. Reichenbach, Baron Karl von. Born at Stuttgart, Würtemberg, Feb. 12, 1788: died at Leipsic, Jan. 19, 1869. A German scientist and manufacturer. He discovered creosote, paraffin, etc.; but is best known from his theories concerning the so called "od" or "odic force." Reichenberg (ri'chen-berg). Acity in Bohemia, situated on the Görlitzer Nei e 56 miles northeast of Prague. It is the third city of Bohemia, and the first in regard to manufactures (yarn, carpets, beer, etc., its cloth manufactures being especially noted). It belonged to Wal lens tein 1622-34, and later to the families Gallas and Clam-Gallas. The Pru ians defeated the Austrians here April 21, 1757. Population (1890), 30,890. Rei chen hall (ri'chen-häl). A small town in Upper Bavaria, situated on the Saalach 9 miles southwest of Salzburg. It is noted for its salt springs, and as a watering-place and health-re sort. Reichensperger (ri'chen-sperg-er), August. Born 1808: died July 16, 1895. A Pru ian politician and writer on art: one of the leaders of the clerical (Center) party. Reichensperger, Peter Franz. Born at Co blenz, Pru ia, May 28, 1810: died at Berlin, Dec. 31, 1892. A Pru ian politician, brother member of the clerical (Center) party. of August Reichensperger, and a prominent Reichlin-Meldegg (rich'lin-mel'deg), Baron Karl Alexander von. Born at Grafenau, Bavaria, Feb. 22, 1801: died at Heidelberg, Feb. 15, 1877. A German philosopher and theologian, profe or of philosophy at Heidelberg from 1839. He wrote "Lehrbuch der Psycho logie" (1837-38), etc. Reichshofen (richs'hō-fen). A manufacturing town in Lower Alsace, 24 miles north of Strasburg. (For the battle of Aug. 6, 1870, see Wörth .) Population (1890), 3,056. Reichsland (richs'länt). [G., 'imperial territory.'] A designation since 1871 of Alsace-Lorraine. Reichstadt (rich'stät). A small town in northern Bohemia, situated on the Zwittebach 43 miles north by east of Prague. It gave the title to the Duke of Reichstadt. At a meeting here of the emperors of Austria and Ru ia, July 8, 1876, it was agreed that these powers should not take independent action in the dismemberment of Turkey. Population (1890), commune, 1,769. Reichstadt, Duke of. See Napoleon II . Reichstag (G. pron. richs'täg). [G., 'parliament of the empire.'] 1. In the present empire of Germany, the deliberative body which, in combination with the Bundesrat, exercises the legisla Reiske shire, Scotland, 1791: died in England, Oct., 1858. A British meteorologist and colonial governor, chairman of the executive committee of the exhibition of 1851. He published "An Attempt to develop the Law of Storms" (1838), "Progre of the Development of the Law of Storms" (1849), etc. Reigate (rīgāt). A town in Surrey, England, situated 20 miles south of London. The site of the old castle is marked by a large cave which the barons are said to have used as a meeting-place and guard-room. Population (1891), 22,646. Reign of Terror, The. In French history, that period of the first revolution during which the country was under the sway of a faction which made the execution of persons, regardle of age, sex, and condition, who were considered obnoxious to their measures one of the cardinal principles of their government. This period may be said to have begun in March, 1793, when the Revolutionary tribu nal was appointed, and to have ended in July, 1794, with the overthrow of Robes pierre and his a ociates. Also called the Terror. Reikiavik. See Reykjavik . Reil (ril), Johann Christian. Born at Rhaude, East Fries land, Feb. 28, 1759: died at Halle, Nov. 22, 1813. A German anatomist and physician, profe or (1810) at Berlin. He was super. typhus contracted in the performance of his duties. Reille (ray), Comte Honoré Charles Michel Joseph. Born at Antibes, France, Sept. 1, 1775: died at Paris, March 4, 1860. A French marshal. He served in the Napoleonic wars in Spain, at Quatre-Bras, Waterloo, etc., and was made marshal in 1847. intend ent military hospitals in 1813, and died of Reimarus (ri-mä'rös), Hermann Samuel. Born at Hamburg, Dec. 22, 1694: died at Hamburg, March 1, 1768. A German philosopher and scholar, profe or (1727) of Hebrew and later also of mathematics at the gymnasium in Hamburg. He is especially noted as the author of the rationalistic "Wolfenbüttel Fragments,"published by Le ing (1774-78) as fragments of the work of an unknown author found by him in the Wolfenbüttel Library. The whole work bears the title "Apologie oder Schutzschrift für die vernünftigen Verehrer Gottes" (" Apology or Defense for the Rational Worshipers of God"). resentatives (453 members). Reid (red), Sir George, Born at Aberdeen, Oct. 31, 1841. A Scottish landscape and portrait- painter. He studied at the Trustees' Academy, Edin- burgh, and with Mollinger, Israels, and Yvon. He was elected president of the Royal Scottish Academy in 1891. Among his portraits are those of John Mackenzie, H. Well- wood Maxwell, and Lord President Inglis (the last in the Scottish Parliament House). Reid, Mayne. Born in Ireland, 1818: died at London, Oct. 22, 1883. A British novelist. He traveled in the United States, and served as captain in the United States army in the Mexican war. He sailed from Hungarian struggle for freedom, but arrived too late to New York in 1849 with a party of volunteers to aid in the take part in it. He wrote tales of adventure, including "The Rifle Rangers" (1850), "The Scalp Hunters" (1851), "The Boy Hunters" (1852), "The White Chief" (1855), "The Bush Boys" "The Quadroon" (1856), "The Trail" (1857), "Osceola" (1858), "The Boy Tar" (1859), "The Maroon" (1862), "The Headle Horseman" (1865), "The Castaways" (1870), "The Ocean Waifs" (1871), "The Death Shot" (1874), "The Flag of Distre " (1875), "The Vee Boers" (1880), "Gaspar the Gaucho" (1880), and others. Georges, and have much literary merit. Reine de Saba (dė sä-bä'), La. [F., 'The Queen of Sheba. An opera by Gounod, first produced at Paris in 1862. Reineke Vos (G. Reineke Fuchs). See Rey- nard the Fox. burg, Pa., 1844: died at New York, Aug. 30, 1896. An American genre-painter and illustrator. He studied at Paris and Munich. Reinhold (rin'holt), Karl Leon hard. Born at Vienna, Oct. 26, 1758: died at Kiel, Holstein, April 10, 1823. A German philosopher, profe or at Jena 1787-94 and at Kiel 1794-1823. He advocated Kant's philosophy in "Briefe über die Kantische Philosophie" (1786-87), and also published "Versuch einer neuen Theorie des Vorstellungsvermögens" ("New Theory of the Faculty of Ideas," 1789), etc. Reinisch (ri'nish), Leo. Born at Osterwitz, Styria, 1832. A noted Egypt ologist and African ist, since 1872 profe or of Egypt ology at the University of Vienna. His numerous works include "Ägyptische Chrestomathie " (1873-75); grammars of Barea (1874), Nuba (1879), and Bilin (1883); and dictionary of Bilin (1887). He repeatedly visited all the tribes speaking these Reinkens (rin'kens), Joseph Hubert. Born at Burtscheid, near Aix-la-Chapelle, March 1,1821: died Jan. 4, 1896. A German prelate and Roman Catholic theologian: suspended in 1870 on account of opposition to the dogma of papal infallibility. He was consecrated bishop of the Old Catholics in 1873, and resided in Boun. He published various works on ecclesiastical history, etc. languages. Relapse, The, or Virtue in Danger. A play by Vanbrug Remi (re'mi). In ancient history, a people of the Belge, in Gaul, dwelling in the vicinity of Rheims (their capital). They sided with Julius Cæsar in his Gallic wars. Remigius (re-mij'i-us), or Remedius (re-me'- di-us), or F. Remi (re-me'), Saint. Born about 435: died about 530-533. Archbishop of Rheims. He was raised to the episcopate about 457, and was influ- ential with Clovis whom he baptized in 496. The "Vita Remigii" was written by Hincmar in the 9th century. Remington (rem'ing-ton), Frederic. Born at Canton, N. Y., Oct. 4, 1861. An American fig- ure-and animal-painter and illustrator. Among his works are Dash for the Timber," "Last Stand," "Past all Surgery," and "A Broncho Buster" (in bronze). He is well known as an illustrator of the principal periodicals. Remois (rê-mwä'). An ancient district in Cham- pagne, France. Its chief place was Rheims. Remonstrance, The Grand. In English his tory, a protest pa ed by the House of Commons Nov. 22, 1641. It rehearsed the unconstitutional and unwise acts of the reign of Charles I., and demanded reme- Remonstrants (re-mon's trants). The Armin- ians: so called because they formulated their creed (A. D. 1610) in five articles entitled "The Remonstrance." This document expre ed their points of divergence from strict Calvin ism, and was presented to Remscheid (rem's hit). A town in the Rhine Province, Pru ia, 19 miles northeast of Co- logne. It is the center of hardware manufactures in Germany (including scythes, saws, skates, files, etc.), and has an important export trade. Population (1890), 18,641; commune, 40,371. The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia: The Century Cyclopedia of names Cibber's "Love's Last Shift." Sheridan altered it "The Trip to Scar borough." See Comte de Boursoufle . Relay House. A junction on the Baltimore and Ohio Railway, 7 miles from Baltimore, which General Butler fortified in May, 1861. Relief of Lucknow, The. A play by Boucicault. The incident of Je ie Brown and the approach of the relief playing "The Camp bells are coming" is said to be Religio Medici (re-lij'i-ō med'i-sī). [L., 'A Physician's Religion.] A religious treatise by Remagen (ra mä-gen) town in the Rhine Feb. 10, 1846. An American chemist. He grad- uated at the College of Physicians and Surgeons of Colum- bia College in 1867; was profe or of chemistry and phys ics at Williams College 1872-76; and has since been pro- fe or of chemistry at Johns Hopkins University. He has published "Principles of Theoretical Chemistry" (1877), Introduction the Study of Organic Chemistry" (1885), "Elementary Chemistry" (1887), etc. Remus (re'mus). In Roman legend, the bro- Romulus . ther of Romulus, by whom he was slain. See Remus, Uncle. An old plantation negro, feigned narrator of the plantation plantation and folk-lore tales collected by Joel Chandler Harris. Rémus at (ra-mü-zä'), Comte e de (Claire Elisabeth Jeanne Gravier de Vergennes). Born at Paris, Jan. 5, 1780: died Dec. 21, 1821. A French lady, French lady, wife of the chamberlain of Napo- leon I., and an attendant of the empre Jose- Rémus at, Comte François Marie Charles de. Born at Paris, March 14, 1797: died at Paris, June 6, 1875. A French politician and author, son of the Comte e de Rémus at. He was minis- ter of the interior in 1840, and minister of foreign affairs 1871-73. He wrote various philosophical works, includ- ing "E ais de philosophie" (1842), "Abailard" (1845), "St. Anselme de Canterbury" (1853), "L'Angleterre au XVIIIe siècle" (1856), "Bacon, sa vie, son temps, sa philo- sophie" (1857), "His to ire de la philosophie en Angleterre" (1875), etc. Rémus at, Jean Pierre Abel. Born at Paris, Sept. 5, 1788: died June 3, 1832. A French Orientalist. He wrote "E ai sur la langue et la lit- térature chi noises" (1811), "Recherches sur les langues tartares" (1820), "Éléments de la grammaire chinoise" (1822), and other works on Chinese, etc. Rémy (rā-mē'), Jules. Born near Châlons-sur- Marne, Sept. 2, 1826. A French traveler and botanist. From 1851 to 1863 he traveled extensively in South and North America, the Pacific Islands, and Asia. Besides botanical memoirs he has published many books on the countries visited by him: one of the best-known is "Voyage au pays des Mormons" (2 vols. 1860: an English translation 1860). prov province of East Flanders, Belgium, situated 34 miles west by south of Bru els. Popula- tion (1890), 16,912. Renan (re-non'), Joseph Ernest. Born at Tré- guier, Côtes-du-Nord, Jan. 27, 1823: died at Paris, Oct. 2, 1892. A French philologist and historian. He was the acknowledged leader of the school of critical philosophy in France. His studies, begun in his native town, were completed in Paris. He was dis- couraged in the study of theology by the barrenne of the scholastic method then in vogue, and broke sharply with the system. While making his living by teaching, he pur- sued his studies in comparative philology, and took, one after the other, his university degrees. His works pub- lished between 1850 and 1860 attracted much attention, es- pecially for their style. They include his doctor's thesis on "Averroès et l'averroïsme" (1852), "Etudes d'his to ire religieuse" (1857), "De l'origine du langage" (1858), "Es- sais de morale et de critique" (1859), etc. Soon after his return from a mi ion to the East (1861), Renan was called to the chair of Hebrew in the Collège de France; but, as he denied the divinity of Christ, he fell out with the cleri- cal party, and was forced to resign his profe orship in 1864. in greatest measure to his reputation. Foremost among IMG:content-0841.png:[blocks in formation] Reno, Je e Lee. Born at Wheeling, W. Va., Republic, The. A famous work by Plato, deJune 30, 1823: killed at the battle of South Mounscriptive of an ideal commonwealth. tain, Md., Sept. 14, 1862. An American general. He graduated at West Point in 1846; served in the Mexican war; and was appointed a brigadier-general of United States volunteers in 1861. He served in Roanoke expedition in 1862; and participated as a corps commander in the second battle of Bull Run, and in the battles of Chantilly and South Mountain. Reno, Marcus A. Born in Illinois about 1835: died at Washington, D. C., March 31, 1889. An American officer. He graduated at West Point in 1857, and served through the Civil War. As major he commanded a detachment of Custer's army at the time of the ma acre of Little Big Horn in 1876. He was dismi ed from the United States service in 1880 on the charge of misconduct. Rent Day, The. A domestic drama by Douglas Jerrold, printed in 1832. Renwick (ren'ik), James. Born at Moniaive, Dumfrie hire, Feb. 15, 1662: executed Feb. 17, 1688. A Scottish Covenanter and martyr. He attended Edinburgh University, but was denied his degree for refusing the oath of allegiance. In 1683 he was ordained getic Declaration," for which he was outlawed. He de nounced James II. on his acce ion, and was condemned República Dominican a. See Dominican Republic. Republican Party. 1. The usual name of the Democratic party (in full Democratic-Republican party) during the years following 17921793: it replaced the name Anti-Federal, and was replaced by the name Democratic. See Democratic Party .-2. A party formed in 1854, having as its original purpose opposition to the extension of slavery into the Territories. It was composed of Free-soilers, of antislavery Whigs, and of some Democrats (who unitedly formed the group known as Anti-Nebraska men), and was joined by the abolitionists, and eventually by many Know-nothings. During the period of the Civil War many war Democrats acted with it. It first nominated a candidate for President in 1856. In 1856 it elected its candidate (Fremont) for speaker of tre of the executive and both houses of Congre . The presidents from 1861 to 1885, Lincoln, Johnson, Grant, Hayes, Garfield, and Arthur, were Republicans, and the presidency was again filled by a Republican, Harrison, Republicans held the power in Congre until 1875; they then lost the House, regained it in 1881, lost it in 1883, again regained it in 1889, and lost it again in 1891, regaining it once more in 1895, and holding it in 1897. The Senate, how House of Representatives, and in 1861 it gained at Groningen, Holland. In 1684 he published the "A polo to 1893, and by another, McKinley, 1897-. and executed. Renwick (ren'wik), James. Born in England, 1790 (1792?): died at New York, Jan. 12, 1863. An American physicist. He wrote "Outlines of Natural Philosophy "(1822-23), "A Treatise on the Steam-Engine" (1830), "Elements of Mechanics" (1832), scientific text-books, and biographies of Fulton, Hamilton, etc. Renwick, James. Born at Blooming dale (now part of New York city), Nov. 3, 1818: died at New York, June 23, 1895. An American architect, son of James Renwick. He designed Grace Church (New York, 1845), St. Patrick's Cathedral (New York, commenced 1858), the Smithsonian Institution and Corcoran Art Gallery (Washington), Va ar College, etc. Réole (rā-ōl'), La. A town in the department of Gironde, France, situated on the Garonne 31 miles southeast of Bordeaux. Population (1891), commune, 4,177. Re Pastore (rā päs-tō're), Il. A dramatic cantata by Mozart, to Metastasio's words, composed in 1775. Rephaim (ref'ā-im or re-fa'im). In Old Testament history race of giants, the ancient in the Jordan. a Rephaim, Valley of. In ancient geography, a valley or plain southwest of Jerusalem. ever, they continued to hold, except for 1879-83, until 1893, into the hands of the Democrats; in 1897 they obtained one when the executive and both branches of Congre pa ed half of the total number of senators and the Vice-President. The party favors generally a broad construction of the Constitution, liberal expenditures, extension of the powers of the national government, and a high protective tariff. Among the measures with which it has been identified in abolition of slavery, reconstruction, and the resumption of or in part are the suppre ion of the rebellion, the specie payments. Republican Pawnee (pa-ne'). A tribe of the Pawnee Confederacy of North American Indians. Also called the Kitkehahki . See Pawnee . Republican River, or Republican Fork. A river in eastern Colorado, southern Nebraska, and northern Kansas. It unites with the Smoky Hill