Leyden, John of

See John of Leyden. - Leyden, Lucas van. See Lucas van Leyden . Leys (līs or lā), Baron Hendrik. Born at Antwerp, Feb. 18, 1815: died there, Aug. 26, 1869. A Belgian historical and genre painter. Leyte (lā'ē-tā or lā'tā). An island of the Philippines, about lat. 11° N., long. 124°50′ E. Length, about 115 miles. Population, about 270,000. Lhameos. See Llameos . Lhasa (lhä'sä), or La a (lä ä). The capital of Tibet, situated in lat. 29° 39′ N., long. 90° 57′ E., about 11,900 feet above sea-level. It is an important trading center; is celebrated as the residence of the grand lama and as a place of pilgrimage; and is remarkable for the number of its convents. The chief build ing is the grand temple. It became the residence of the dalai lama in the middle of the 17th century. It has been visited by very few Europe ans (as by Huc in 1846). Popula tion, about 25,000. L'Hôpital, or L'Hospital (lō-pē-täl'), Michel de. Born at Aigueperse, Puy-de-Dôme, France, about 1505: died March, 1573. A noted French statesman. He was in 1547 sent on a mi ion to the Council of Trent, which was at that time sitting at Bologna. He was made superintendent of the royal finances in 1554, and in 1560 became chancellor of France. He caused the States-General to be a embled at Orléans in 1560, and procured the pa age in 1562 of the Edict of Jan., which granted toleration to the Huguenots. His liberal policy was, however, distasteful to the Guises, and civil war broke out in 1562 in spite of his efforts to maintain peace. He was dismi ed from office in 1568. His complete works were edited by Dufey (1824-25). Lhuyd (loid), Edward. Born 1660: died June 30, 1709. A British scholar and naturalist, best known from his researches in Celtic. He was the author of "Lithophylacii Britannici ich no graph i a, etc." (1699), a catalogue of the figured fo ils of the Ashmolean Museum, "Archæologia Britannica" (1707), etc. He became a fellow of the Royal Society in 1708. Liais (lyā), Emmanuel. Born at Cherbourg, Feb. 15, 15, 1826: died there, March 5, 5, 1900. A French astronomer. He was attached to the Bureau of Longitudes from 1852; was sent to Brazil on a scientific mi ion in 1858; and had charge of the Astronomical Ol)servatory at Rio de Janeiro for several years. He published several works on Brazilian geography, etc., and on astronomy. June 9, 1875. A Polish politician and philosophical writer. Liber (li'ber). In Italian mythology, a god of wine, afterward identified with the Greek Dionysus (Bacchus). Libera (lib'e-rä). In Italian mythology, a godde , wife of the wine-god Liber, afterward identified with the Greek Perse phone. Liberal Party. In British politics, the name by which the Whig party has been known since about the time of the first Reform Bill. It has generally advocated reforms in government and extension of power to the people, has favored free trade, and in the last few years has advocated Home Rule for Ireland. It Palmers ton, Gladstone, and Rosebery as prime ministers. has held office under Grey, Melbourne, Ru ell, Aberdeen, Liberal Unionists. In British politics, a party formed in 1886 by the sece ion from the eral party of those who objected to Gladstone's Home Rule proposals. They act generally with the Conservatives, their recognized leader being the Marquis of Hartington (now Duke of Devons hire). Liberation, War of. [G. Befreiungskrieg .] A name given by the Germans to the war of the Allies against the French in 1813-14. A leading regiven by sult was the freeing of various German states from French occupation and influence. Liberator, The. An antislavery paper published at Boston 1831-65, edited by Garrison. Liberator, The. 1. [Sp. El Liber tad or .] The title of Simon Bolivar. The municipality of Caracas, after he had taken that city from the Spaniards, proclaimed him Oct. 13, 1813, "Salvador de la Patria, Liber tad or de Venezuela" ('Savior of the Country, and Liberator of Venezuela'). The title of Liberator of New Granada was conferred on him after the battle of Boyacá, Aug., 1819; and that of Liberator of Peru after the victory of Ayacucho in 1824. 2. A surname of O'Connell. Liber de Hyda (li'bèr de hid a). See the extract. A circumstantial account of the foundation of the schools of Oxford in the year 886 is to be found in the Liber de Hyda , a monastic record which seems to have been compiled dur ing the second half of the fourteenth century. It profe es St. Grimbald are stated to have given lectures on theology give a list of the original staff of teachers. St. and A er on grammar and rhetoric, John, a monk of St. David's, on logic, music, and arithmetic, and another monk of the same name, on geometry and astronomy. The absence of any allusion to lectures on medicine or law may be due to the fact that the compiler of the Liber de Hyda was a monk who, as such, had no interest in either of these branches of ria group, in the Arctic Ocean. Liancourt-sous-Clermont (lyon-kör'sö-klermôn'). A manufacturing town in the department of Oise, France, 30 miles north of Paris. It contains a ruined castle of its dukes. Pop. (1891), 5,617. Liao-yang (lyou-yäng'). A town in the province of Sheng-king, Manchuria, southwest of Mukden. Liar, The. An adaptation by Foote of Corneille's "Le menteur." He himself played the part of Young Wilding the liar. Libanius (li-bā'ni-us). Born at Antioch, Syria, about 314 A. D. A Greek sophist. His orations and declamations were edited by Reiske (1791-97). From his autobiography and letters, as well as from the numerous works which he has left us, Libanius is better known to modern scholars than any sophist of the fourth century. He was born about 14 at Antioch on the Orontes, of a distinguished family, and after receiving there some part of his early training, to which, however, he revert with much respect or gratitude, he be be done thens, at the age of twenty, itune, dent hope of finding there all the teaching which he required. The account which he gives of his adventures in that university furnishes us with a curious picture of the state of learning in the fourth century. The rival profe ors had pre -gangs of students who had sworn allegiance to them, and who forcibly seized on all freshmen and carried them off to their own lecture-room. Although Libanius had determined beforehand which of the sophists he wished to attend, he was kidnapped, as soon as he entered the city, by the adherents of another teacher, from whom he was in the main IMG:content-0710.png:[ocr errors] take the oath to master. In this thraldom he was detained for five years, when the riotous sophists were for a time displaced and he was promoted to one of the chairs. K. O. Müller , Hist. of the Lit. of Anc. Greece, III. 294. [ ( Donald son .) Libanus. The Latin name of Lebanon. Libau (lē'bou), Lettish Leepaja (lā'pä-yä). A seaport in the government of Courland, Ru ia, situated on the Baltic Sea in lat. 56° 31′ N., long. 21° E.: an important export place. Population (1885-89), 32,538. Libby Prison, The. A notorious Confederate military prison in Richmond, Virginia, during the Civil War: originally a tobacco warehouse. It was afterward taken down, carried to Chicago, and there set up as a war museum. Libelt (lē'belt), Karól. Born at Posen, Pru ia, April 8, 1807: died near Gollantsch, Pru ia, history of Oxford in his own century, for he states pos i Gate until the year 1354, and used the church of St. Giles tively that the University had abode outside the North as its formal place of a embly. Lyte , Oxford, p. 241. Liberia (lī-bē'ri-ä). A negro republic on the western coast of Africa, extending from about 6° 40′ W. about 400 miles along the coast to the northwest. Capital, Monrovia. The coast is low. Tropical products are exported. The government is vested in a president and a congre comprising a senate and a house of representatives. Liberia was founded by free negroes sent by the American Colonization Society in 1822, and was declared independent in 1847. Area, estimated, 57,000 square miles. Population, estimated, 1.068,000. Liber Pontifical is (li'bèr pon-tif-i-kalis). [L., 'book of the Pope.'] A work containing the lives of the popes from St. Peter to Stephen VI. It has been attributed to An as tas i us Bibliothecarius, but without ancient authority. Liber Studio rum (liber stu-di-õ'rum). [L., book of studies.'] A volume of studies by Turner, the English landscape-painter. He published it 1806-16 with a Claude's "Liber Ver it at is." Libertad(lē-ber-täтн′). A maritime department in northwestern Peru. Capital, Trujillo. The old department of Libertad, formed in 1825 from the colonial in tendency of Trujillo, embraced also the present departments of Amazon as, Cajamarca, Lambayeque, and Piura, which have been separated from it at different times.