cult (kult)

[F. culte = Sp. Pg. It. culto, L. cultus, cultivation, worship, The descendant of a cultivated race has an enhanced aptitude for the reception of cultivation; he is more cul tivable. Whitney, Encyc. Brit., XVIII. 766. cultivatable (kul'ti-va-ta-bl), a. [ cultivate + -able.] Cultivable. Large tracts of rich cultivatable soil. British and Foreign Rev. , No. ii., p. 265. cultivate (kul'ti-vāt), v. t.; pret. and pp. culti vated, ppr. cultivating. [ It. cultivare, coltivare = Sp. Pg. cul tivar = OF. cultiver, coltiver, coutiver, curtiver, etc., F. cultiver ), till, work, as land, I have had a large, a fair, and a pleasant field; so fertile that, without my cultivating , it has given me two harvests in a summer. Dryden, To Sir R. Howard. 2. To raise or produce by tillage: as, to cultivate corn or gra .-3. To use a cultivator upon; run a cultivator through: as, to cultivate a field of standing corn. See cultivator (c). [U. S.] -4. To improve and strengthen by labor or study; promote the development or increase of; cherish; foster: as, to cultivate talents; to cul tivate a taste for poetry. As your commi ioners our poets go, To cultivate the virtue which you sow. Dryden, University of Oxford, Prol., 1. 18. The Century Dictionary and Cyclopedia: The Century dictionary cultivate 5. To direct special attention to; devote study, labor, or care to; study to understand, derive advantage from, etc.: as, to cultivate literature; to cultivate an acquaintance. The ancient philosophers did not neglect natural science, but they did not cultivate it for the purpose of increasing the power of man. Macaulay , Lord Bacon. He who cultivates only one precept of the Gospel, to the exclusion of the rest, in reality attends to no part at all. J. H. Newman, Parochial Sermons, i. 309. as Cole ridge said of Poetry, The study of History is,.. its own great reward, a thing to be loved and cultivated for its own sake. Stubbs , Medieval and Modern Hist., p. 24. 6. To improve; meliorate; correct; civilize. To cultivate the wild licentious savage. My researches into cultivated plants show that certain species are extinct, or becoming extinct, since the historical epoch. De Candolle, Orig. of Cultivated Plants (trans.), p. 459. In proportion as there are more thoroughly cultivated persons in a community will the finer uses of prosperity be taught and the vulgar uses of it become disreputable. Lowell, Oration, Harvard, Nov. 8, 1886. cultivating (kul'ti-va-ting), p. a. Engaged in the proce es of cultivation; agricultural. [Rare.] The Ru ian Village Communities were seen to be the Indian Village Communities, if anything in a more archaic condition than the eastern cultivating group. Maine , Early Law and Custom, p. 240. cultivation (kul-ti-vā'shon), n. [= F. culti vation , OF. coutiveisun , coutivoison, cultivoison , etc., Sp. culti vac i on = Pg. cultivação = It. cul tivazione , cultivatio (n-), cultivare , cultivate: see cultivate .] 1. The act or practice of tilling land and preparing it for crops; the agricultural management of land; husbandry in general. Such is the nature of Spain; wild and stern the moment it escapes from cultivation ; the desert and the garden are ever side by side. Irving , Alhambra, p. 278. 2. Land in a cultivated state; tilled land with its crops. [Rare.] It is curious to observe how defined the line is between the rich green cultivation and the barren yellow desert. E. Sartorius , In the Soudan, p. 12. 3. The act or proce of producing by tillage: as, the cultivation of corn or gra .-4. The use of a cultivator upon growing crops.-5. The proce of developing; promotion of growth or strength, physical or mental: as, the cultivation of the the cultivation of organic or of animal virus; the cultivation of the mind, or of virtue, piety, etc. IMG:content-1788.png:[blocks in formation] 6. The state of being cultivated; specifically, a state of moral or mental advancement; culture; refinement; the union of learning and taste. You cannot have people of cultivation , of pure character, profe ing to be in communication with the spirit world and keeping up constant intercourse with it, with out its gradually reacting on the whole conception of that other life. O. W. Holmes, The Profe or, i. Fractional cultivation. See the extract. Fractional cultivation consists in the attempt to isolate by succe ive cultivations the different organisms that have been growing previously in the same culture. E. Klein , Micro-Organisms and Disease, p. 26. =Syn. 5. Training , Discipline , Education , etc. See instruction.-5 and 6. Refinement , etc. See culture . cultivator (kul'ti-va-tor), n. [F. culti vat eur , OF. cultiveor, coutiveor, etc., Sp. Pg. culti vador = It. coltivatore , cultivator , cultivare , cultivate: see cultivate.] One who or that which cultivates. (a) One who tills or prepares land for crops, or carries on the operations of husbandry in general; a farmer; a husbandman; an agriculturist. (b) A producer by cultivation; a grower of any kind of products: as, a cultivator of oysters. 1393 colter, cultel.] Sharp-edged and pointed; colter shaped, or shaped like a pruning-knife, as a body that is thick on one edge and acute on the other: as, a cultrate leaf; the beak of a bird is convex and cultrate. cultriform (kul'tri-fôrm), a. [= F. cult rif or me, Cultrirostral Bill of Heron. characters of the Cultrirostres. Also, erroneously, culti rostral . Cultrirostres (kul-tri-ros'trēz), n. pl. [NL., pl. of cultrirostris: see cultrirostral.] 1. In Cuvier's system of cla ification, a family of Grallæ, including the cranes, courlans, herons, storks, and sundry other large waders, as distinguished from the Pre i rost res or plover group, and the Long i rost res or snipe group. [Not in use.] -2. In some later systems, a group of lam in i plantar oscine pa erine birds, as the crows and corvine birds generally. Also, erroneously, Culti rost res . cultrivorous (kul-triv'ō-rus), a. [= Sp. cul trívoro, L. culter, a knife, + vorare, swallow, devour.] Swallowing or seeming to swallow knives. Dunglison. [Rare.] culturable (kultur-a-bl), a. [ a culturable area. IMG:content-1789.png:[blocks in formation] IMG:content-1790.png:[blocks in formation] The culture and manurance of minds in youth hath such a forcible (though unseen) operation as hardly any length of time or contention of labour can countervail it afterwards. Bacon , Advancement of Learning (Original [English ed.), Works, III. 415. O Lord, if thou suffer not thy servant, that we may pray before thee, and thou give us seed unto our heart, and culture to our understanding, that there may come fruit of it, how shall each man live that is corrupt, who beareth the place of a man? 2 Esd. viii. 6. Culture, the acquainting ourselves with the best that has been known and said in the world, and thus with the history of the human spirit. M. Arnold, Literature and Dogma, Pref. 5. The result of mental cultivation, or the state of being cultivated; refinement or enlightenment; learning and taste; in a broad sense, civilization: as, a man of culture. Culture or Civilization, taken in its wide ethnographic sense, is that complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, custom, and any other capabilities and habits acquired by man as a member of society. E. B. Tylor , Prim. Culture, i. 1. Culture in its widest sense is, I take it, thorough ac quaint ance with all the old and new results of intellectual activity in all departments of knowledge, so far as they conduce to welfare, to correct living, and to rational conduct. 6. The training of the human body. W. K. Brooks, Law of Heredity, p. 272. IMG:content-1791.png:[blocks in formation] 7. The pursuit of any art or science with a view to its improvement. Our national resources are developed by an earnest Bancroft, Hist. U. S., I. Int. culture of the arts of peace. 8t. Cultivated ground. Proceeds the caravan Through lively spreading cultures , pastures green, And yellow tillages in opening woods. Dyer, The Fleece. Gelatin culture, a growth of bacteria in a medium made of the consistence of jelly by means of gelatin. - Pure culture, in bacteriology, a growth of one kind of bacteria fres from admixture of other varieties. - Solid culture, a culture of bacteria, etc., for which the medium is a solid at ordinary temperatures, usually gelatin or a preparation, such as agar-agar, made from algæ.- Test-tube culture, a growth of bacteria in a test-tube. =Syn. 4-6. Re fine ment, Cultivation, Culture. Each of these words may represent a proce or the result of that proce . Only refinement can, when unqualified, represent a proce or result carried too far. Refinement is properly most neg a tive, representing a free from that gro condition in which he is supposed to have been at the start. Cultivation and culture represent the person or the better part of him as made to grow by long-continued and thorough work. Refinement and cultivation, as thus representing the more negative and the more positive aspects of the improvement of man, were much more common until within thirty years; since then culture has largely supplanted cultivation: this change, coming was concentrating about the sub a bringing of one out of a similar So that these three last were slower than the ordinary wheat of itself; and this culture did rather retard their advance. Bacon , Sylva Sylvarum, § 402. In vain our toil, We ought to blame the culture , not the soil. Pope , E ay on Man, iv. 14. 2. The act of promoting growth in animals or plants, but especially in the latter; specifically, the proce of raising plants with a view to the production of improved varieties. One might wear any pa ion out of a family by culture, as Tatler, nature of man, produced a great enlargement of the definition of culture, for a time the improvement and gratification of taste being magnified in undue proportion by some, and by others the mere acquisition of knowledge. The word is now applied to the improvement of the whole man, bodily, mentally, and spiritually, although bodily training is not prominent unle specially mentioned; the moral and the spiritual are jealously included. Culture may be used of the state of society as well as of the man; refinement and cultivation refer primarily to the state of the individual. As referring to either, culture in its broadest sense may be called the highest phase of civilization. What do we mean by this fine word Culture, so much in its beauty. IMG:content-1792.png:[blocks in formation] It has been lately complained of, by some cultivators of clover-gra , that from a great quantity of the seed not any gra springs up. (c) An agricultural implement used to loosen the earth and uproot the weeds about growing crops which are planted in rows or hills. It consists of points or shares attached to a framework, usually adjustable in width, and having draft-wheels which govern the depth to which the ground is broken up. It is drawn between the rows of plants by a horse. There are also light forms which are operated by hand. (d) One who devotes special attention, care, or study to some person or pursuit. The most succe ful cultivators of physical science. Buckle , Civilization, I. i. cultrate, cultrated (kulʼtrāt, -tra-ted), a. [ cult ratus , knife-shaped, culter , a knife: see tion. IMG:content-1793.png:[blocks in formation] by their παιδεία, the Romans by human it as, we le happily try to expre by the more artificial word Culture. When applied to the human being, it means, I suppose, the "educing or drawing forth [of] all that is potentially in a man," the training [of] all the energies and capacities of his being to the highest pitch, and directing them to their true ends. Shairp, Culture and Religion, i.