currant worm (kurantwerm)

A name of the larvæ of three species of insects. (a) The imported currant-worm, Nematus ventricosus (Klug), introduced into the United States from Europe about 1858. It is the larva of a saw-fly, and is the most destructive of Native Currant-worm (Pristiphora gro ular i a). a, larva; &, female fly (cro shows natural size). the currant-worms. (b) The native currant-worm, Pristi phora gro ular iæ (Walsh), also the larva of a saw-fly, and le common than the preceding. (c) The currant spanworm, the larva of a geometrid moth, Eufitchia ribearia hellebore. (Fitchore The first two may be destroyed with powdered currency (kur'en-si), n. [ The seventh year of whose [Mary's] captivity in England was now in doleful currency . Scott , Kenilworth, xvii. 2. A continued course in public knowledge, opinion, or belief; the state or fact of being 1405 communicated in speech or writing from person to person, or from age to age: as, a startling rumor gained currency. It cannot. be too often repeated, line upon line, precept upon precept, until it comes into the currency of a proverb - To innovate is not to reform. Burke , To a Noble Lord. Unluckily, or luckily, it is as hard to create a new symbol as to obtain currency for a new word. Leslie Stephen, English Thought, i. § 16. 3. A continual pa ing from hand to hand; circulation: as, the currency of coins or of banknotes. The currency of those half-pence would, in the universal Swift, dom. opinion of our people, be utterly destructive to this king4. Fluency; readine of utterance. [Rare or obsolete.] -5. General estimation; the rate at which anything is generally valued. He... takes greatne of kingdoms according to their bulk and currency , and not after intrinsic value. Bacon . 6. That which is current as a medium of exchange; that which is in general use as money or as a representative of value: as, the currency of a country. It thus appears, that a depreciation of the currency does not affect the foreign trade of the country: this is carried on precisely as if the currency maintained its value. J. S. Mill , Pol. Econ., III. xxii. § 3. Controller of the Currency. See controller, 2.- Deci mal currency, a system of money the divisions or denominations of which proceed from its lowest unit of reckoning by ten or its multiples, or aliquot parts there of, as the cent, dime, dollar, quarter-dollar, etc., of the United States and Canada. - Fractional currency, coins or paper money of a smaller denomination than the monetary unit; in the United States, half-dollars, quarters, dimes, and 5-cent, 3-cent, 2-cent, and 1-cent pieces. Fractional currency in paper has been largely used in several European countries, and is a part of the monetary system of Japan. Fractional notes have been used at different times in the United States, especially during the financial panic of 1837-38, and during and after the civil war of 1861-65, when specie was withdrawn from circulation. The former received the name of shinplasters. (See shinplaster.) On March 17th, 1862, Congre authorized an i ue of circulating notes called postage currency, imitating in style the stamps that had previously been used at great inconvenience, in denominations of 5, 10, 25, and 50 cents. These were superseded by the fractional currency authorized March 3d, 1863, in denominations of 3, 5, 15, 25, and 50 cents. The i ue of fractional notes was suspended by act of April 17th, 1876; but its renewal has since been proposed for convenience in remittance of small sums.-Metallic currency, the gold, silver, and copper in circulation as money. - National Currency Acts, statutes of the United States of 1863, 1864, and 1865, providing for a general and uniform bank-note currency guaranteed by the United States and secured by national bonds deposited in the Treasury. - Paper currency, notes is sued by a government or by banks as a substitute for money, or as a representative of money. The paper currency of the United States is of three kinds: (1) notes i ued by the government and called demand treasury notes, or more generally legal - tenders; (2) notes i ued by national banks; and (3) certificates i ued by the government upon either gold or silver. The smallest denomination of the first is $20, and of the last $1.- Postage currency. See fractional currency, above. The currency principle, a phrase first employed in English banking to expre the mode of i uing notes by the Bank of England. An amount fixed by law is i ued, based on an equal amount of securities, mostly government obligations; and all notes is sued in exce of that amount, which is called "the fixed i ue," are based on an equal amount of specie. current1 (kur'ent), a. and n. [Now spelled to suit the Latin; early mod. E. also currant, curraunt, courrant, It. correre = Sp. Pg. correr = F. courir ), run, flow, hasten, fly; ly; cf. Skt. √ char, move. Hence (from L. currere) ult. E. coursel (and prob. course2 coarse), cursive, concur, incur, = recur, etc., concourse, discourse, excursion, excur sus, etc.] I. a. 1. Running; moving; flowing; pa ing. [Archaic.] holde thy pees. Merlin (E. E. T. S.), iii. 427. Ffountayne coraunt that neuer is full of no springes, Still eyes the current stream. Milton , P. L., vii. 67. Here we met, some ten or twelve of us, To chase a creature that was current then In these wild woods, the hart with golden horns. Tennyson, Merlin and Vivien. Hence-2. Pa ing from one to another; especially, widely circulated; publicly known, believed, or reported; common; general; prevalent: as, the current ideas of the day. The news is current now, they mean to leave you, Leave their allegiance. Fletcher , Loyal Subject, v. 1. As soon as an emperor had done anything remarkable, it was immediately stamped on a coin, and became current through his whole dominions. Add is on, Ancient Medals, iii. When belief in the spirits of the dead becomes current , the medicine-man, profe ing ability to control them, and inspiring faith in his pretensions, is regarded with a fear which prompts obedience. H. Spencer , Prin. of Sociol., § 474. IMG:content-1843.png:[blocks in formation] No excuse current , but to hang thyself. Shak., Rich. III., i. 2. 6. Now pa ing; present in its course: as, the current month or year. [In such expre ions as 6th current (or curt.), current is really an adjective, the expre ion being short for 6th day of the current month.] Account current. See account . - Current coin. See coin1.- Current electricity. See electricity. To go currentt, to go for currentt, to be or become generally known or believed. A great while it went for current that it was a pleasant region. Purchas , Pilgrimage, p. 18. To pa current, to have currency or recognition; be accepted as genuine, credible, or of full value: as, worn coins do not pa current at banks. His manner would scarce have pa ed current in our day. Lamb , Artificial Comedy. If a man is base metal, he may pa current with the old counterfeits like himself; children will not touch him. T. Winthrop , Cecil Dreeme, iv. II. n. 1. A flowing; a flow; a stream; a pa ing by a continuous flux: used of fluids, as water, air, etc., or of supposed fluids, as electricity. The Pontick sea, Whose icy current and compulsive course Ne'er keeps retiring ebb. Shak., Othello, iii. 3. It is not the tears of our own eyes only, but of our friends also, that do exhaust the current of our sorrows. Sir T. Browne , Religio Medici, ii. 5. 2. Specifically, a portion of a large body of water or of air moving in a certain direction: as, ocean- currents. The set of a current is that point of the compa toward which the waters run; the drift of a cur rent is the rate at which it runs. The principal ocean currents are the Gulf Stream, the equatorial currents of the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian oceans, and the Japanese, Peruvian, Brazilian, Labrador, Antarctic, and Australian currents. 3. Course in general; progre ive movement or pa age; connected series: as, the current of time. Forbear me, sir, And trouble not the current of my duty. Ford , Perkin Warbeck, v. 3. 4. General or main course; general tendency: as, the current of opinion. Till we unite and join in the same common Current , we have little Cause to hope for State of Peace and Tranquillity. Stilling fleet , Sermons, III. x. lated piece of nerve or muscle. - Earth-current, rent flowing through a wire the extremities of whicite.) grounded at points on the earth differing in electric po tential. The earth-current is due to this difference, which is generally temporary and often large. If the earth-plates of a circuit are of different metals, as copper and zine, an Inverse current, the current induced in the secondary coil of an induction apparatus when the circuit of the primary is closed. It is contrary to the primary current in direction. - Muscle-current, the electrical current which pa es on connecting different points of a muscle. -Polyphase current, a system combining two or more alternating currents differing in phase.-Primary current, the electric current which pa es through the primary coil of an induction apparatus, in the secondary current coil of which the secondary or induced current is produced. - Reverse currentt, an electric current opposite in direction to the normal current. = Syn. 1 and 2. Eddy, etc. See stream.