Ticino, Switzerland, on the Ticino and the St

Gotthard Railway, southeast of Airolo. It is the capital of the Leventina. Faillon (fä-yôn'), Michel Étienne. Born at Tarascon, France, 1799: died at Paris, Oct. 25, 1870. A French Sulpician, a writer on Canadian history and biography. Failly (fä-ye'), Pierre Louis Charles Achille de. Born at Rozoy-sur-Serre, Aisne, France, Jan. 21, 1810: died in Compiègne, Nov. 15, 1892. A French general. He entered the army in 1828; served with distinction, first as brigadier-general, then as general of division, in the Crime an war; fought at the battle of Solferino in 1859; and was commander of the French troops sent to the relief of the Pope in 1867, but was not present at the defeat of Garibaldi at Mentana. He was appointed to the command of the 5th army corps at the beginning of the Franco-Pru ian war. During the battles of Spicheren and Wörth (Aug. 6, 1870), he remained inactive at Bitsch; and Aug. 30, 1870, was defeated near Beaumont, in consequence of which the Germans were enabled to cut off MacMahon's retreat. He was supег. seded in his command by General Wimpffen on the day of the battle of Sedan, Sept. 1, 1870, immediately before the fight. Author of "Campagne de 1870: opérations et marches du 5ème corps" (1871). Fainall (fan'al). In Congreve's comedy "The Way of the World," a scoundrel in love with Mrs. Marwood. Fainéant (fa-na-on'), Le Noir. [F., 'The Black Sluggard.'] In Scott's "Ivanhoe,” the name given to the Black Knight (Richard Cœur de Lion) on account of his behavior during a tournament, in which, however, he finally con quers. Fainéants, Rois. See Rois Fainéants . Fain well, or Feign well (fan'wel), Colonel. In Mrs. Cent livre's comedy "A Bold Stroke for a Wife," an ingenious gallant who is in love with Mrs. Lovely's person and fortune. He takes various disguises to win her from her several guardians, among them that of "Simon Pure," by means of which he secures her. See Pure , Simon . Fair bairn (far barn), Andrew Martin. Born near Edinburgh, Scotland, Nov. 4, 1838. A Scottish theologian and metaphysician. He was Fairfax, Thomas supported by chains, which is the distinctive feature of the Britannia bridge built acro the Menai Strait. He was made a baronet in 1869. Fair banks (far'bangks), Erastus. Born at Brim field, Ma ., Oct. 28, 1792: died at St. Johns bury, Vt., Nov. 20, 1864. An American manufacturer and politician. He patented the "Fair banks scales" in 1831. He was governor Vermont 1852-53 and 1860-61. Fair child (far child), James Harris. Born at Stock bridge, Ma ., Nov. 25, 1817. An Ameri can educator. He was graduated in 1838 at Oberlin College, Ohio, where he was tutor 1838-42, profe or of languages 1842-47, profe or of mathematics 1847-58, and profe or of moral philosophy and theology 1858-66, when he was chosen president. He has written "Moral Philosophy, or A Science of Obligation" (1869), "Needed Phases of Christianity" (1875), etc., and has edited "Memoirs of Charles G. Finney" (1876). Resigned 1869. Fair child, Lucius. Born at Franklin Mills (Kent), Portage County, Ohio, Dec. 27, 1831: died May 23, 1896. An American general and politician. He was admitted to the bar in 1860, and at the beginning of the Civil War became a captain of volunteers in the Union army. He led, as colonel of the 2d Wisconsin, a charge on Seminary Hill at the battle of Gettysburg, in which he lost his left arm; and was promoted brigadier-general Oct. 19, 1863. He was governor of Wisconsin 1866-72, United States consul at Liverpool 1872-78, consul-general at Paris 1878-80, and minister to Spain 1880-82. He was elected commander-in-chief of the Grand Army of the Republic in 1886. Fair Em (far em). A play printed in 1631. It has been ascribed to Shakspere for the single reason that in Garrick's collection was a volume, which once belonged to Charles II., containing this and other doubtful plays, and marked on the back "Shakspeare, Vol. I." Fair Example, The, or The Modish Citizens. A play by Est court, taken from the same source as Vanbrugh's "Confederacy." It was performed at Drury Lane in 1703. Fairfax (far'faks), Edward. [The surname Fairfax , ME. Fairfax , Fayrefax , etc., means 'fair-haired.'] Born at Denton, Yorkshire: died Jan., 1635. An English poet, a son of Sir Thomas Fairfax. He wrote a translation of Ta o's "Gerusa lemme Liber at a" (1600), and 12 eclogues. Fairfax, Ferdinando, second Baron Fairfax. Born March 29, 1584: died March 14, 1648. A Parliamentary leader in the civil war. He represented the county of York in the Long Parliament, in which he acted with the popular party; and at the beginning of the civil war was appointed to the command of the Parliamentary forces in Yorkshire. He was defeated by Newcastle on Adwalton Moor, near Bradford, June 30, 1643, and was besieged by the same general at Hull Sept. 2-Oct. 11, 1643, when he raised the siege by a succe ful sally. He defeated Colonel John Bell as is at Selby April 11, 1644, and, joining forces with the Scots, was stationed with his army on the right of the Parliamentary line at Marston Moor, July 2, 1644, where he gave way before the onslaught of Prince Rupert, who was in turn defeated by Cromwell. Fairfax, Robert. Born Feb., 1666: died Oct. 17, 1725. A British rear-admiral. He commanded a ve el in the English fleet at the reduction of Gibraltar, July 23, and in the battle of Malaga, Aug. 13, 1704. He was made rear-admiral in 1708. Fairfax, Thomas, third Baron Fairfax. Born at Denton, Yorkshire, Jan. 17, 1612: died Nov. 12, 1671. Á celebrated Parliamentary leader in the civil war in England. He was the son of Ferdinando, second Lord Fairfax; was educated at St. John's College, Cambridge; and learned the art of war under Sir Horace Vere in the Low Countries. At the outbreak of the civil war he was appointed second in command of the Parliamentary forces in Yorkshire; captured Wake field May 21, 1643; and commanded the horse of the right wing at the battle of Marston Moor. He was appointed commander in-chief of the Parliamentary army Jan. 21, 1645, and in April of the same year organized the "New Model." He defeated Charles I. at Naseby June 14, 1645; defeated Goring at Lang port, Somersets hire, July 10, 1645; reduced Bristol Sept. 10, 1645; and took Oxford June 20, 1646. Не disapproved of the seizure of the king by Joyce, but was was appointed the first principal the extra-university Mans field College at Oxford. He is the author of "Studies in the Philosophy of Religion and History" (1876), "The City of God" (1882), and other works. Fair bairn, Patrick. Born at Green law, Berwickshire, Scotland, Jan. 28, 1805: died at Glasgow, Aug. 6, 1874. A Scottish clergyman and theological writer. He was profe or and ultimately principal of the Free Church College at Glasgow, and published "Typology of Scripture" (1845), “Hermeneutical Manual" (1858), etc. Fair bairn, Sir Peter. Born at Kelso, Scotland, Sept., 1799: died Jan. 4, 1861. A Scottish engineer, inventor, and manufacturer. He invented machines used in spinning wool and flax, and founded an extensive establishment at Leeds for the manufacture of these and other machines and tools. Fair bairn, Sir William. Born at Kelso, Roxburghshire, Feb. 19, 1789: died at Moor Park, Surrey, Aug. 18, 1874. A noted Scotch engineer. Commencing life as a day-laborer, he was apprenticed to a millwright in 1804, and in 1817 started an engineering busine in Manchester. He had ship-building works at Mill wall, London, 1835-49. As a practical engineer he is best known as the designer of the rectangular tube, un sure as well as in "Pride's Purge" and in the execution of the king. On the establishment of the Commonwealth, he was reappointed commander-in-chief of all the forces in England and Ireland, March 30, 1649, but resigned, June 25, 1650, on account of conscientious scruples about invading Scotland. During the rest of the Commonwealth period, and during the Protectorate, he lived in retirement at Nun Applet on, Yorkshire. He represented Yorkshire in Richard Cromwell's Parliament, in which he acted with the opposition. Having in Nov., 1659, entered into negotiations with Monk for the restoration of Charles II., he placed himself at the head of an army, and, Jan. 1, 1660, took po e ion of York, and later in the same year was chosen to head the commi ioners of the two houses sent to the king at The Hague. He left two autobiographical works: "A Short Memorial of the Northern Actions during the War there, from the Year 1642 till 1644," and "Short Memorials of some Things to be cleared during my Command in the Army." Fairfax, Thomas, sixth Baron Fairfax. Born at Denton, Yorkshire, 1692: died near Winchester, Va., March 12, 1782. An American colonist. His paternal estates in Yorkshire having been sold to satisfy the creditors of his father, Thomas, fifth Lord Fairfax, he emigrated in 1746 or 1747 to America, where he had inherited the northern neck of Virginia, between the Potomac and the Rappahannock, and where he eventually built a residence, called Greenway Court, near Winchester. He was a friend of Washington to whom (then a youth of little over sixteen) he intrusted the surveying and mapping of his property in the Shenandoah valley. He was a firm loyalist. Fairfield (far'fēld). Atown in Fairfield County, Connecticut, situated on Long Island Sound 21 miles southwest of New Haven. It contains the villages of South port, Greenfield Hill, Black Rock, etc. It was burned by Tryon in 1779. Population (1890), 3,868. two mere points of contact there are, but they are points of altogether minor, nay, of minimum, importance. Furne , Shak. Var., Pref., p. x. Fair weather (far' wether), Mount. Amoun- tain in Alaska, about lat. 58° 45′ N., long. 137° 10' W. Height, 15,500 feet. Fairy Queen, The. See Faerie Queene. Faiseur (fa-zer'), Le. [F., 'The Speculator.'] A play by Balzac. See Mercadet . Faithful (fath'ful). A character in the part of Bunyan's "Pilgrim's Progre ." He is put to death at Vanity Fair. Faithful, Jacob. See Jacob Faithful . Faith full, Emily. Born at Headley, near Guild- ford, England, in 1835: died at Manchester, May advocate of the claims of women to remunerative employ- 31, 1895. An English philanthropist. She was an ment, and did much to secure it for them. She founded a printing establishment (1860) for their employment as compositors, and started the "Victoria Magazine" in 1863. She was also a succe ful lecturer, and published "Three Visits to America" (1884). Faithful Shepherde , The. A pastoral drama by Fletcher, published probably in 1609. It was somewhat influenced by the Italian pastorals, especially by Guarini's "Pastor Fido." Milton obtained some hints for "Comus" from it. The delightful pastoral of "The Faithful Shepherde ," which ranks with Jonson's "Sad Shepherd" and with "Comus" as the three chiefs of its style in English. Fairholt (far'hōlt), Frederick William. Born at London, 1814: died at Brompton, London, April 3, 1866. An English artist and antiquary. He illustrated a number of works, including Chatto's "Trea- tise on Wood Engraving" and Hall i well's "Life of Shak- spere," and published "Costume in England" (1846), "The Faithorne (fa'thôrn), William. Born at Lon- Home of Shakespeare" (1847), "Tobacco: its History and A ociations" (1859), etc., and edited "A Dictionary of Terms in Art" (1854). Falconer, William. Born at Chester, England, Feb. 23, 1744: died at Bath, Aug. 23, 1824. An English physician and miscellaneous writer. In 1770 he began to practise medicine at Bath, where he was physician to the Bath General Hospital 1784-1819. He published "Remarks on the Influence of Climate, Nature of Food, and Way of Life on... Mankind" (1781), "A Di ertation on the Influence of Pa ions upon Disor- ders of the Body" (1788), etc. don in 1616: died at London in May, 1691. An English engraver, noted especially for his por- French sculptor and writer, a pupil of Lemoine. traits. Faithorne, William. Born at London in 1656: died after 1700. An English engraver, son of William Faithorne (1616-91). Faizabad, or Fyzabad (fi-zä-bäd'). 1. Adi- vision in Oudh, British India. Area, 7,311 square miles. Population (1891), 3,682,960.- 2. A district in the Faizabad division, situated in lat. 26°-27° N., long. 81°-83° E. Area, 1,728 square miles. Population (1891), 1,216,959. - 3. The capital of the Faizabad district, situ- ated on the Gogra in lat. 26° 47′ N., long. 82° 8′ E. It was the capital of Oudh in the middle of the 18th century, and was one of the centers of the mutiny of 1857. Population (1891), 78,921. a tributary of the Amu-Daria. Falaba (fä-lä bä). A native town in western Africa, situated about 180 miles northeast of Falaise (fä-lāz'). A town in the department France, on the river Ante 22 miles Fair Maid of the Inn, The. A posthumous Free Town. comedy by Fletcher, finished by Mas singer and perhaps Rowley, licensed in 1626, and printed of Calvados, Franc in 1647. The plot is partly from one of Cer- vantes's novels. Fair Maid of Kent, The. Joan, the daughter of Edmond Plantage net, earl of Kent. Fair Maid of Perth, The. A historical novel by Scott, published in 1828, named from a sur- name of its heroine, Catherine Glover. It is one of the "Chronicles of the Can on gate," profe edly related by Chrystal Croft angry. The scene is laid at Perth during the reign of Robert III. of Scotland. Fair mount Park (far'mount pärk). A park in Philadelphia, covering 2,791 acres. The Schuylkill River and Wi a hick on Creek run through it. In 1876 the Centennial Exhibition was held within its limits. It con- tains a number of historic houses. Fair Oaks, or Seven Pines. A place 7 miles east of Richmond, Virginia. Here, May 31 and June 1, 1862, the Federal forces under McClellan defeated the Confederates under J. E. Johnston. The lo of the Fed- erals was 5,031; of the Confederates, 6,134. English in 1450, and was besieged and taken from the Leaguers by Henry IV. The castle, the birthplace of William the Conqueror, is a very large and imposing Nor- man fortre , with outer walls strengthened by cylindri- (1891), commune, 8,313. cal towers, and a huge rectangular keep. Population Falashas (fä-lä'shäs). [Aby in i an, 'wander- ers.'] A Hamitic tribe of Aby in i a which profe es the Jewish religion, and claims de- scent from Hebrew immigrants who followed the Queen of Sheba. Their name is derived from the Ethiopic falas , a stranger. In the middle ages they formed a conquering kingdom, but finally were overcome by the colonies. Their sacred books are written in Geez; Christian Aby in i ans, and now live scattered in small their dialect is closely allied with the Agow. They are an industrious and peaceful people, numbering about 120,000. Peralta , Gaston de. Falcon (fäl-kōn'). A maritime state of Vene- zuela. Zulia has been several times united (1891), 205,347 (with Zulia). with it. Area, 36,212 square miles. Population Falcon (få'kn or fal'kon). A ship commanded by Sir Walter Raleigh in Sir Humphrey Gilbert's expedition to America in 1578. The other ships Verde Islands. Owing to scarcity of provisions, he was were soon obliged to return, but Raleigh reached the Cans obliged to turn back, and reached England in May, 1579. Falcon, The. A famous London tavern, on the Bankside. It is said to have been patronized by Shakspere and his company. It was taken Falcon (fäl-kon'), Juan Crisostomo. Born on the peninsula of Paraguaná, province of Coro (now state of Falcon), 1820: died on the island of Martin i que, April 29, 1870. A Venezuelan general. In 1858 he headed the federalist revolution, which, after a desultory war of five years, was succe ful. He was made president of Venezuela in 1863, and in 1864 sanctioned a federal constitution. Driven out by the Azul revolution, July, 1867, he went to Europe; was recalled after the counter-revolution of 1869; and died while re- turning. In 1766 he was called by Catharine II. to St. Petersburg to execute a colo al equestrian statue of Peter the Great. Falczi, or Falczy (fäl's he). A small place in Peace of the. Rumania, situated on the Pruth. See Pruth , Faleme (fä-la'mā). A river in Sene gambia, flowing north and joining the Senegal about lat. 14° 45° N. Length, probably about 200 miles. Falerii (fa-lē'ri-1). [L. Falerii , Gr. Φαλέριοι , Φαλέ ριον ; connected with Falisci , the inhabitants.] In ancient geography, a city of Etruria, Italy, situated about 28 miles north of Rome, on the site of the modern Cività Castellan a. It be- longed to the Etruscan Confederation, and was destroyed by the Romans 241 B. c. German Germany, Feb. 14, 1826. A German phil an- thropist and writer, founder of the Falksches Institut (for abandoned and neglected children) at Weimar in 1813. He wrote satirical poems, a dramatic poem "Pro me the us" (1803), etc. Falk, Paul Ludwig Adalbert. Born at Metschkau, Silesia, Pru ia, Aug. 10, 1827. A Pru ian statesman and jurist. He was Pru ian minister of public worship and instruction 1872-79, in which capacity was instrumental in carrying the so-called May laws (1873-75), Roman Catholic hierarchy. Falke (fäl'ke), Jakob. Born at Ratzeburg, Pru ia, June 21, 1825. A German historian of Falkirk Falkirk (fâl'kerk). [ME. Fawkirk , prob. from faw , fauch , pale red (a var. of fallow ), and kirk , church.] A burgh in Stir lings hire, Scotland, 24 miles west by north of Edinburgh. Formerly it was celebrated for its trysts or cattle-fairs. It is united with Airdrie, Hamilton, Lanark, and Linlithgow to form the Falkirk district of burghs, which returns one member to Parliament. The Scots under Wallace were defeated here July 22, 1298, and Charles Edward, the "Young Pretender," defeated the English under General Hawley on Falkirk Moor, Jan. 17, 1746. Falkland (fak'land). A royal burgh in Fifes hire, Scotland, 22 miles north of Edinburgh: noted for its ancient royal palace. Population (1891), 959. Falkland. A romance by Bulwer Lytton, published anonymously in 1827. Falkland. The principal character in Godwin's novel "Caleb Williams." His chief thought is to preserve his honor from stain. He stabs his enemy Tyr rel in the back, in a moment of pa ion, and allows two innocent persons to hang for the murder. From that time his desire is for concealment. Caleb Williams, his secretary, discovers the secret, and is pursued by the hirelings of Falkland. He finally accuses the latter, who confe es the crime and dies of shame. In "The Iron Chest,' a dramatization by Colman, he is Sir Edward Mortimer. The character of Falkland, the chief actor, which is formed on visionary principles of honour, is perhaps not strictly an invention, as it closely resembles that of Shamont in Beaumont and Fletcher's "Nice Valour." But the accumulated wretchedne with which he is overwhelmed, the inscrutable mystery by which he is surrounded, and the frightful persecutions to which he subjects the suspected po e or of his dreadful secret are try in Bristol County, Ma achusetts, situated on Mount Hope Bay, at the mouth of Taunton River, 45 miles southwest of Boston. It is celebrated for its manufactures, especially of cotton. It was incorporated as a town in 1803, and as a city in 1854. Steamers ply between Fall River and New York. Population (1890), 74,398. Falls City. A name given to Louisville, Kentucky, from the rapids or falls of the Ohio River near the city. Falmouth (fal'muth). A seaport and watering place in Cornwall, England, on Falmouth Bay in lat. 50° 9′ N., long. 5° 4' W. It has a good harbor, and was formerly of considerable importance, especially as a station for mail-packets. The harbor is commanded by Pen dennis Castle. Population (1891), 4,273. False Bay (fåls bā). An arm of the ocean on the southern coast of Cape Colony, South Africa, east of the Cape of Good Hope. False Friend, The. A comedy by Vanbrugh, printed in 1702. Falsen (fäl's en), Christian Magnus. Born at Opslo, near Christiania, Norway, Sept. 17, 1782: died at Christiania, Jan. 13, 1830. A Norwegian jurist, politician, and historian. "History of Norway to 1319" (1823-24), a biography of Washington (1821), etc. Fanshawe 1761, in consequence of which Spain joined with France in the war against Great Britain. The branch house of Bourbon ruling in Italy was also included in this alliance. Family of Love, The. A comedy by Middle ton, produced in 1608. It was a satire on a Puritan sect. Family Party, The. An aristocratic political party in Quebec, Canada, about 1835. Fan (fäng). A powerful African nation of the French Kongo (Gabun). They now extend north to Batanga, and up the Livindo River into German Kamerun. Since the beginning of the 19th century they have moved gradually and steadily from the highland of the Sanga basin down to the coast, and the Mpongwe seem to be doomed to disappear before them. The Fan are hunters, and are traders in ivory and rubber. The old men still practise cannibalism secretly. The Fan are lighter in color than their Bantu-negro neighbors, and their implements also show an independent type. They are in tell i gent, and learn quickly the white man's ways. Some think they are related to the Nyam-Nyam; others have sug False One, The. A play by Fletcher and Mas- singer, written about 1620, and printed in 1647. It is an indirect imitation of Shakspere's "Antony and Cleopatra," dealing with the fortunes of Julius Cæsar in Egypt. Cleopatra is represented as in her youth. which has not been surpa ed in the finest pa ages and scenes of poetic or dramatic fiction.