ACACANTHRAX

(Lat.), n, m. Pr, a%k(a%k)-a?k(a*k)-a?n(asn)’- thra?x(thra>x). Gen., acacanthracis. m « priv., raxés, pernicious, and ävôpat, & carbuncle. Non-malignant anthrax. [A, 322.] ACACTA (Lat.), n. f. | Gr., deaxia Dioscorides] (from éxagew, to shi n, from the spines po e ed yy some of the species). Fr., acacia, gomme aan (2d def.). Ger., Acacie, Akazie, Schotendorn, Schlehendorn, arabisches Gummi (2d def.). It., acacia, acazia, gomma arabica (2d def.). Sp., acacia, goma arabiga (2d def.). Syn.: gummi arabicum (2d def.). 1. A genus, Flecishy trees and shrubs, of which more than four hun species are known, belonging to the natura i order Legumin ose and the sub-order Mimoseæ, and distinguished from the other ener by having poly; ous flowers. The genus was established yy Wilidenow, the various species having formerly been included under the Linnean genus Mimosa. It is found more particularly in Africa and Australia. The BE of many of the species are used in medicine and the arts. |B, 34.] 2. Gum arabic.—A. A dans on i i [Guillemin and Perottet]. Fr., gommier rouge gonaké (ou gonatié) {Adanson]. Syn.: Mimosa ads trin gens [Thinning and Schumacher]. A species found in Sene gambia, said to furnish Senegal gum arabic. [B, 5.|—A. ads trin gens [Martius]. See STRYPHNODENDRON polyphyllum.—A. ægyptiaca. A variety of A, arabica, [A,.]=A. alba, See A. l hiœa—A. albicans. According to Power and Sedgwick, a Brazilian species furnishing Kuisache gum. [A, 316} A. amara [Willdenow}, Syn.: Albizzia amara [Boivin]. An Indian species, the bark of which is used in astringent lotions and as a tonic. [A, 316, 328.]—A. angico [Martius]. See STRYPHNODENDRON polyphyllum.—A. anthelminthic a [H. Buillon]. See ALBIZZIA rent minthica.—A. arabica [Wiildenow]. Syn.: Mimosa aral)icaÂLlnnæus]. The babul, babool, or batbul tree of India, now regarded as a variety of the A. verek; a tree reaching the height of 20 feet. Its bark contains a large -| amount of tannin, and is used as an astringent and tonic; the bruised leaves are applied to ulcers; and the pods, calied bablah, are used in coughs. It furnishes an inferior sort of gum arabic called babul gum or gond-babul. [A, 2, 247, 816; B, 5, 19, 43.|—A. Bambolah [Roxburgh]. Fr. À. cendré. An East Indian variety that furnishes bablah.—A. blanchâtre (Fr.). See A. dealbata.— A. capensis [Burchell]. See A. horrid a.—A. catechu [Willdenow]. Fr., cachou tier. Sp., A. catect, Syn.: A. sum a [Kurz.], Mimosa Geb p A species indigenous to India and Burmah; a tree, seldom more than 12 feet high, from which catechu is made by evaporating a decoction of the inner red or brownish wood of the trunk, [B,5.]—A. cendré (Fr.). See A. Bambolah.—A. coch i loc arpa [Don]. According to Power and Sedgwick, a Brazilian tree which furnishes cortex brazil i ens is (q. v.). [A, 316.—A. concinna [De Candolle]. Syn.: Mimosa saponaria Roxburgh. An Indian species, growing to the height of 20 feet. It is said to contain saponin, and its pods are used in washing ciothes and for cleansing the hair, It is also expectorant and emetic. [A, 316.328; B, 5, 19, 43.J—A. (Fr.). À. nostras.—A. dealbata [Link]. Fr., A. blanchâtre. The silver wattle; an Australian evergreen shrub, about 4 feet high, which furnishes a variety of arabic, [B, 10, 43.|—A. de Constantinople (Fr.). See À. Jul i bri in—A. decurrens [Willdenow]. Syn.: Mimosa decurrens [Donn]. The wattle tree; a New South ‘Waies shrub, about 6 feet high, furnishing a variety of gum arabic which is sometimes slight i; purglish. The bark yields an extract similar to catechu. ‘A, 828; B, 5, 43.]—A. de Farnése (Fr.). See A. farnesiana. —As u Nil (Fr.). See A. nilotica—A. ehrenbergiana [Hayne], A. Ehrenbergii Dyer: A shrub, 6 to 8 feet high, indigenous to the Nile region, furnishing a variety of gum arabic. [B, 5.|—A. falcata [ Villdenow]. According to Power and Sedgwick, a New South Wales tree, the wee-tjellan of the aborigines, the lignum vite of the colonists, the bark of which contains tannin and is used by the natives to poison fish. [A, 316.]—A. farnesiana [Wilidenow]. Fr., A. de Farnese, ca ie, ca e du Levant. A West Indian tree, 15 to 20 feet high.’ According to Power and Sedgwick, it furnishes a gum resembling gum arabic, the bark is astringent, the creoles use the leaves in biadder diseases, and a delicious perfume, said to be stimulant, is distilled from the flowers. [A. 816; B, 43, 49.]—A. fasciculata [Guillemin and renee See A. tortilis. —A, ferrea. In alchemy, an iron spoon. [B, 50.|—A. ferruginea [De Candolle]. Syn.: Mimosa ferruginea [Roxburgh]. An Indian shrub, from which a very poisonous liquor is distilled. The bark is highly astringent; a decoction of it is used as a tooth wash. According to eos itisa species of Albizzia. [A, 328, 314.]—A. fistula. “A species growing in Northern Africa, furnishing a variety of gum arabic. [B, 5.|—A. floribunda [Wilidenow]. Syn,: Mimosa floribunda [Ventenat]. A shrub, 6 feet high, growing in New South Waies, yielding a gum resembling pou arabic. The name has also been applied to the A. long i folia. [A, 344; B, 5, 43.—A. germanic a. See A. nostras—A. giraffes [Sieber]: Camelopard’s a., from its being a favorite food of the giraffe; an African species, yielding a superior kind of gum arabic, called by the natives kameel-doorn and eaten by them. [A, 248, 316.1—A. graveolens. According to Power and ick, a native of India and Bengal, used as a bitter and diaphoretic. [A, 316.|—A. Greggii. A species growing in the western part of the United States, said to furnish shellac and lac dye. [B, 5, 60, 66.—A. gummifera [Read. Ger., Talhahbaum. A tree, 30 feet high, growing in juinea, said to furnish Barbary gum and gum sa a. [A, 828; B, 43.]—A, homalophylla [A. Cunn.]. The myal, or myall, tree of Australia, furnishing a gum used as a remedy for diarrhœa. [A, 321; B, 5, 19.|—A. horrid a [Wilidenow]. A shrub, 6 feet ‘high, growing at the Cape of Good Wee furnishing the variety of gum arabic known as Cape gum. he bark is highly astringent. [A, 316; B, 5, 43.|—A. indica [Desvaux]. Syn.: Mimosa indica. À variety of the A. urabica of Wilidenow. [A, 328.]—A. Jul i bri in [Wilidenow]. Fr., a. de Constantinople, arbre à soie. The silk tree roving in the Levant, distinguished by its smooth bark and its white bio oms. A diaphoretic tea is made from the latter. [B, 43,\—A. jurema. See STRYPHNODENDRON jurema.—A. karroo Hayne]. A Cape of Good Hope species, furnish i um arabic. B, 5.]—A, lebbek Nye AB Syn.: Mimosa lebbek [Linnæus]. e labach of the Arabians, indigenous to Upper Egypt, and cultivated in the East and West Indies, yielding a kind of um arabic. The wood is the bois noir of the Mauritius; the leaves are used, as fomentations and baths, for rheumatic pains; the boiled seeds are said to be poisonous. [A, 316, 344.]—A. leucocephala [Bertolini]. A Puerto Rico species. The bark is astrinont, [A, 344.]—A. leucophlea [Willdenow]. An Indian shrub, ‘rom which the natives distill a strong spirituous liquor. The bark is highly astringent. [A, 316, 328.]—A. melanochæta. Thought to be the same as À. leucophiæa. [A, 328.|—A. melanoxylon [R. Brown]. An Australian shrub, which furnishes Australian gum and an extract Be UT catechu. [A, 328.]—A. moll is sima [Wilidenow]. A shrub indigenous to Van Dieman’s Land, considered by Lindiey as a variety of A. decurrens. The bark yields an astringent extract. [A, 316, 328.|—A. myriophylia [Graham]. A species indigenous to Silhet, where a kind of beer is made from the bark, [A,3i6.|—A. neboueb, A. neboued. Probabi; biy from nebneb, a ne} name for the A, verek, with which it is found a ociated. 316, 828.] Cf. A, A dans on i i—A. nellyrenza [Graham]. See A. amara.—A. nilotica [Delille]. Fr., a. du Nil, gommier rouge. Syn.: Mimosa nilotica [Linnæus]. A variety of the A. arabica of Willdenow, furnishing a sort of gum arabic and the Senegal and Egyptian bablah. [B, 5.]—A. niopo, A. niops. A South American species, considered to be more Pore a Piptadenia. The Orinoco Indians, according to Humboldt, sinoke the powdered seeds instead of tobacco. According to Power and Sedgwick, the pods, mixed with the flour of ca ava and with lime from the sheïl of a Helix, are used as an intoxicating snuff by the Indians. [A, 316, 328, 314.]—A. nostras. Fr., faux a. Ger., Schlehensaft. Syn.: a. germanic a, German, or false, acacia; an imitation of the old extract of a, (acacia vers succus), made by inspi ating the juice of the unripe fruit of the wild sioe (Prunus spinose). [B, 5, 55, 58,|—A. odor at is sima [Willdenow]. An East Indian tree, 40 feet high, with white, fragrant flowers. A preparation of the juice of the bark, together with lime-jnice and turmeric, boiled in cocoanut oil, is externally in leprosy and chronic O, no; O%, not; O3, whole; Th, thin; ‘Th, the; U, like 00 in too; U2, blue; U%, lull; U*, full; Ue, urn; U®, like ü (German). ulcers. [A, 316; B, 43, 48.]—A. orfota [Lindley]. Syn.: Mimosa Orfota [Forskal]. An Arabian species. According to Forskal, the leaves prevent camel's milk from becoming sour for a considerable time, and the Arabs use fumigation with the resin in the treatment of epilepsy. [A, ae ana pennata [De Candolle]. See A, concinna.—A. peregrin a [Willdeaow]. Syn.: Mimosa peregrin a [Linnæus]. A New Granada species, the bark of which is supposed to contain tannin. [A, 344.)—A. poly acantha [Willdenow]. See A. catechu.—A. pycnantha [Bentham]. An Australian species, furnishing a variety of Australian gum arabic. [B, 5.]—A. raddiana [Savi]. An Egyptian species, upon which an insect termed giokel produces galls that are used to relieve odontalgia. [A, 828.] Considered by some as identical with A. tortilis. —A. sa a. Syn.: Mimosa sa a [Bruce]. A species growing in Aby in i a and Madagascar, furnishing a gum analogous to um arabic. [Dupetit-Thouars, A, 344.])—A. scandens [Willlenow]. Syn.: Mimusa scandens [Linnæus]. The bayugo of the Philippine Islands, a large creeper. It furnishes the St. Thomas bean, and the bark, which contains a soapy principle, is used for washing linen. According to Hors field, the plant is reputed an emetic in Java, where the seeds are eaten by the natives. The green pods contain a translucent, gummy material, from whic! according to Rumpf, a lotion is made for cleansing the scalp an preventing the hair from falling out. The plant has also been cla ed as a species of Entada. [A, 323, 344; B, 43, 43.1—A. Senegai [Wilidenow]. Several species have been confounded under this name. One of them furnishes gum senegal. [A, 328.]—A. Seyal [Delille]. A tree of Northern Africa, furnishing Suakin gum arabic. |B, 5.] The A, Seyal of De Candolle is the A. for til is. [B, 63.]—A. soph oræ [R. Bmwn}. An Australian tree, the fruit of which, as well as the seeds (which thé natives eat roasted), is nutritive and analeptic. It is doubtful if it furnishes gum arabic. [A, 828.]—A. speciosa [Willdenow]. The siri a tree of India, where the leaves, the bark, and an oil extracted from the seeds are used in ophthalmia, as an application to foul ulcers, in leprosy, and in beri-beri. [A, 316.]—A.steno carp a. A species found in Upper Egypt and adjacent countries, furnishing Suakin gum arabic. [B, 5a sum a, A.sundra. Species which resemble the A. catechu and yield a similar extract. [A, 316; B.]—A. tenuifolia [Willdenow]. A West Indian species. ea tees Poupée-Desportes, the buds and root, commonly called tendre à caillou, are used for hemorrhages, diarrhoea, and vomiting. fA, 344.)—A. tortiiis {Hayne}. A tree of Northern Africa, sometimes 60 feet high, furnishing a variety of gum arabic. [B, 5.]—A. tortuosa [Willdenow]. A West Indian species. The coats of the pod contain a bitter and astringent syrupy liquid. {[A. 316.]—A. vera sep a A. veravel. r., dgyptischer Schotendorn. Syn.: Mimosa nilotica [Linneeus]. A moderate-sized tree, ii et to Egypt, but growing also in Nubia, Senegal, and probably other parts of Africa, also found in India. This and A. verek are the most important sources of gum arabic. [B, 5, 43.]—A. verek (Guillemin and Perottet). Fr,, gommier blanc. A species growing in Eastern Africa, but chiefly in Western Africa, north of the Senegal River; usually le than 20 feet high; recognized in the U. S. Ph. as furnishing the official variety of gum arabic. Its specific name is the native term for the tree. [B.]—A. wali i chi an a [De Candolle]. See À. catechu. —A, Wright i i [Graham]. Probably identical with _A.amara. [A, 323.|—A. zeylonica. See HamaroxyLon campechianum.—Acacix gummi, Gum arabic.—Acaciw veræ suceus. Fr., vrai a. A reddish-brown solid extract formerly obtained from the immature pods of A. arabica and A, vera; mildly astringent, of a sweetish-acidulous taste, and soluble in water. (A, 303.|—Bastard a., Faise a., Faux a. [Fr.], German a. See A.nostras and RoBINIA pseudo-acacia.—Gummi acaciæ. Gum arabic.—Muciiago acaciæ [U. S. Ph., Br. Ph.|. Fr., mucilage de gommegFr. Cod.Î Ger., Gummischleim. It., mucillaggine di gomma arabica. Sp., mucilago de goma arabica, Syn.: mucilago gummi arabic i (Ger. Ph.], mucilago cum gummi [Fr. Cod.]. Mucilage of a. or of gum arabic; a viscid, tenacious liquid made by di olving 34 parts of gum arabic in 66 parts of water [U. S. Ph.], or 4 avoirdupois ounces of the gum in 6 fluid ounces of water [Br. Ph.]. The German preparation is of about the same strength as that of the U.S. Ph.; the French is made of equal aS of gum arabic and water. [B.]—Syrupus acaciz [U.S.Ph.]. Fr., sirop de gomme [Fr. Cod.]. Ger., Gummisyrup. It., siroppo di gomma arabica. = Jarabe de goma arabica. Syn.: syrup us cum gummi [Fr. Cod.], syrup us gummosus [Ger. Ph.]. Syrup of a., or of gum arabic, containing 25 parts of mucilage of a. and 75 parts of syrup. The preparation of the U. S. Ph. of 1870 was made by di olving 2 troy ounces of a. in 8 fluid ounces of water, adding 14 troy ounces of sugar, and straining. The French pre gar at i on contains only one twelfth its weight of um arabic. The German (given in the ist ed. of the Ger. Ph., but is carded in the 2d) was of the same strength as the present U. S. preparation. [B.]—Vrai a. (Fr.). See Acaciæ vere succus. ACACLÆ (Lat.), n. f., pl. of acacia. See ACACIEÆ.