EQUIV′ALENT

( Equivalency. ) In modern chemistry , the equivalent of a body is that weight of it which will exactly replace in a compound 1 atom of hydrogen or 1 atom of either of the other monivalent elements ( see Table, below ). Monivalent elements are those which replace one atom of hydrogen in chemical combinations in the ratios of their atomic weights. One atom of a divalent, trivalent, tetri val ent, pentivalent, and hexivalent element replaces respectively, or is equivalent to, two, three, four, five, or six atoms of hydrogen or of any other monivalent element. (For further information on this subject consult the works on chemistry by Fownes, Miller, Kay-Shuttle worth, .) Table of the Elements, arranged according to their Equivalency . | Monivalent. | Divalent. | Trivalent. | Tetri val ent. | Pentivalent. | Hexivalent. | | Hydrogen | Oxygen | Boron | Carbon | Nitrogen | Sulphur | | Fluorine | Barium | Gold | Silicon | Phosphorus | Selenium | | Chlorine | Strontium | | Tin | Vanadium | Tellurium | | Bromine | Calcium | | Titanium | Arsenic | Tungsten | | Iodine | Magnesium | | Thorium | Antimony | Molybdenum | | Cæsium | Zinc | | Niobium | Bismuth | Osmium | | Rubidium | Didymium | | Tantalum | | Iridium | | Pota ium | Lanthanium | | Zinc onium | | Ruthenium | | Sodium | Yttrium | | Aluminium | | Rhodium | | Lithium | Glucinum | | Platinum | | Chromium | | Thallium | Cadmium | | Palladium | | Manganese | | Silver | Mercury | | Lead | | Iron | | Copper | | | | Cobalt | | Nickel | | Uranium | | Cerium |