Cellular Tissue, Areolar

TISSUE, RETICULAR TISSUE, CONNECTIVE TISSUE, n. [Fr. ti u cellulaire.] (Anat.) The most common of all the organic ti ues. It is composed of a large number of small transparent fibrils, each about 길이이이th of an inch in diameter, cro ing each other in all directions, and leaving smail open spaces, or areole. It unites every part of the body, determines its shape, and by its elasticity and contractility, and by the fluid which it contains in its areolæ, facilitates the motion of each part on each other. It is very sparingly supplied with blood-ve els, and no nerves have been found distributed through it. (Vegetab. Physiol.) See TISSUE, (CELLULAR AND VASCULAR.) Cellulated, a . Having cells; formed with cells. Cellule, ( sel'yul ,) n. [ Lat.cellula .] ( Bot .) A minute cell. Celluliferous, a. [Lat. cellula , and ferre , to bear.] Bearing small cells. Cellulose, a. Containing cells. have been a kind of aristocracy, their chiefs forming a senate or supreme council. The Druids formed a power- ful body among them, being the guardians and inter pre- ters of their laws, as well as the ministers of their re- ligion. They were also the instructors of the people in of the Celts. all kinds of knowledge with which they were acquainted. Celt'ish, a. Celtic. (R.) Their bards or poets had also great influence among -n. The language of the Celts. (R.) Flowers small, white, succeeded by a round, black drupe about the size of the whortleberry. The wood is white and close-grained, but neither strong nor durable. mental music on harps and the like. The Celts had no temples nor images, but worshipped their deity in groves and forests. Their religion seems to have been originally a sort of Theism; but they afterwards adopted some of the gods of the Germans and other nations. It is undoubted that they offered human victims in their sacrifices. Celtibe'ri, n. pl. ( Hist .) A people of ancient Spain, supposed to have arisen from a union of the aborigines the Iberians, and their Celtic invaders. Various limits have been a igned to their country, which included probably all the N. of Spain as far S. as the sources of the Guadalquivir. Hannibal subdued the C., and they afterwards pa ed under the Roman yoke. They re--Metaphorically, bond of union; that which unites so- volted B. c. 181, and were subdued by Tiberius Gracchus B. c. 179. Two struggles for independence followed, called respectively the first C. or Numantine , and the second C. or Sertorian wars, in the latter of which they were finally vanquished, and, B. c. 72, do not again ap- pear in history. Cel's ius, OLAUS, an eminent medical botanist and theo- logian, B. in Sweden, 1670. He became profe or of theology, and of the Oriental languages, at Upsal. His most celebrated work is entitled Hie robot an icon , or an a division of the ancient Iberia , Spain. account of the plants mentioned in the Bible. He was one of the founders of natural science in Sweden, and also the first instructor of Linnæus, who named the genus Celsis after him. Besides his many botanical dis- sertations, C. was the author of many remarkable theo- logical works. D. 1756. Celtibe'ria. ( Geog .) See CELTIBERI. Celtibe'rian, a. Pertaining or relating to Celtiberia, Cel's us, an Epicurean philosopher, who lived in the 2d century, A. D. He was a friend of Lucian, and supposed to be the author of the work against Christianity, en- titled Λόγος ἀληθής , which the reply of Origen rendered -n. One of the Celtiberians or CELTIBERI, q. v. Cel'tic, a. [W.celt, a covert, shade, or shelter; celtiad, one who dwells in a covert, an inhabitant of the wood The language of the Celts; its remains are found, at the present day, in the Welsh, Gaelic, Erse (Irish), and Armor i can, or Breton, dialects; and formerly in the Cornish, now extinct. Celtic Architecture, a term applied to the rude attempts at building with stone, which were made by Fig . 547.- DRUIDICAL TEMPLE, (Stone henge, England.) the Celts of Gaul and Britain. They consist chiefly of Druidical remains in the form of temples and cromlechs. The temples were huge blocks of stone set up in a cir- cle, in a vertical position, which support others placed horizontally upon them, as imposts or lintels. Some of these stones bear traces of the chisel, and the upright and transverse blocks were often fitted together with mortise-and-tenon joints. The cromlechs, which con- sist externally of a large block supported on three or four smaller ones, were supposed to have been altars on which the Druids sacrificed human and other victims; but they have been found to be monumental records Cementitious, ( sem - en - tish'us ,) a. Capable of cement- ing; tending to unite, cohere, or consolidate. Cemeterial, a . Of, or pertaining to, a cemetery. Cemetery, n. [Gr. koimētérion , from koimaō , to put to sleep.] A place set apart for interment of the dead; a churchyard; a necropolis; a burying-ground. The most celebrated of the European public C. are the Campo Santo of Pisa, and the Pére la Chaise of Paris. In the U. States, there are C. equal in point of arrangement to any in Europe. Among the most beautiful are Mount Auburn, near Boston; Greenwood, in Brooklyn; Laurel Hill, and Woodlands, Philadelphia; and Spring Grove, near Cincinnati. - See NATIONAL CEMETERIES. Cemetery Hill, (Battles at). See GETTYSBURG. Cen'atory, a. [Lat. cœnatorius , from cœna , supper.) Relating to supper. uous tree, 30-50 ft. high, found from Can- ada to Carolina, in wood and near rivers. It is very hardy and ornamental; and it po e es, as all the other C. , the property of keeping on all its leaves very late, and then to drop them all at once. C. cra ifo- lha , the Hack-berry, found in Virginia, Kentucky, and Ten- ne ee, 20-30 ft. high, is distinguished in woods by its straight, slender trunk, und i- vided great height, covered with unbroken bark. The leaves are of a thick and firm tex- ture, very large, and heart-shaped at base. Fig . 548. HACK-BERRY, ( Celtis cra i folia) IMG:content-0096.png:[blocks in formation] stances. "On the side altar, cens'd with sacred smoke." - Dryden. Censer, (sens'or,) n. [Fr. encensoir, from Lat. incensor, one who sets fire to, from incendo, to set fire to. See INCENSE. A vase or pan in which incense is burned. - A bottle with a perforated cap, used for sprinkling odors. C. were much used in the Hebrew service, but their form is not accurately ascertained. Joseph us tells us that King Solomon made 20,000 gold C. for the temple of Jerusalem to offer perfumes in, and 50,000 others to carry fire in. The C. used in the Roman Catholic Church at ma , vespers, and other offices, is suspended by chains, which are held in the hand, and is to ed in the air, so as to throw the smoke of the incense in all directions. Censor, (sen's or,) n. [Lat. censor, from censeo, to weigh or poise in order to determine the value; to value, to estimate, to tax, to a e , to enrol, to enumerate.] ( Rom . Hist.) The title of two Roman magistrates originally appointed for the purpose of taking the census , or register of the number and property of the citizens. But their powers were much increased subsequently when they had the inspection of public morals entrusted to them, with authority to degrade senators and knights from their respective orders, and remove other citizens from their tribes, depriving them of all their privileges except liberty, which was termed making them Erari ans. The C. had also the power of making contracts for public buildings, and the supply of victims for sacrifices. They were originally appointed for a whole lustrum; but by law of Mamercus Æmilius, в. с. 443, the term of office was limited to 18 months. The magistracy was confined to patricians, until C. Marcius Rutilus, a plebeian, was elected in B. с. 351. No person might be twice invested with it; and if one of the C. died, another was not substituted in his room, but his surviving colleague was obliged to resign. The office of C. was abolished under the emperors, who, however, exercised the greater part of its functions. -One who examines or scrutinizes, as manuscripts, books, ., to see that they come within the limit of permi ible speech; as, a censor of the pre . -One who blames or censures; one who is given to censure or exp rob at i on; a harsh or severe critic. "Ill-natured censors of the present age." - Roscommon. Censo'rial, Censo'rian, a. Belonging to a censor; relating to the correction of public morality. "The Star-chamber had the censorian power." - Bacon . Censo'rio us, a. Addicted to censure; prone to find fault: captious; severe; as, a censorious disposition. -Implying or delivering censure. "He was rigorously censorious upon all his brethren of the gown." -Swift. Censo'riously, adv. In a censorious manner. Censo'riousne , n. Quality of being censorious; habit of censuring.