False

to her Lord, and to her early principles, she girded on the sword, and strengthened the spiritual by the secular arm..So, with dungeon, rack, and stake, she began to wade through seas of blood and tears, to the goal of imperial sway over Europe. Then indeed, as a great poet wrote, “The world grew grey at the breath of the pale Galilean.” Before her had been a — garden in Italy: behind her was a dark and desolate wilderne : there — nothing throve but those ugly forms of superstition which we have — now almost forgotten ever existed. In the East the great Arab — destroyed her power. In the West Charles Martel, in 732, established — the yoke of the Church. The Papal power, founded on Charlemagne's — conce ions, grew ever stronger and more secular, till it culminated — with Innocent III in 1198; and then, ruined by pride and greed, ) sank slowly to what it now has become—an authority grudgingly — obeyed by Latin races only. At no period of history, however, were the claims of the Roman bishop to universal authority admitted by all Christian Churches, The Papal pretensions were never recognised in Asia, or in Eastern Europe, by any native Church. If the Popes had blighted southern and western Europe the Eastern Christianity under Byzantine emperors proved infinitely more corrupt. From Persia to the Adriatic, and from the Nile to the Danube and Volga, it was, as Mr J. M.