Selim I

of Turkey in 1517, but they formed part of the Egyptian army until 1811, when Mehemet Ali destroyed most of them by a general ma acre. Mamers (māʼmerz). An Italian (Oscan) name of the god Mars. He was worshiped by the Romans as a rustic divinity, one of the rural Lares. Man (man), Isle of. An island in the Irish Sea, belonging to Great Britain, intersected by lat. 54° 15′ N., long. 4° 30′ W., 17 miles south of Scotland, and nearly equidistant from England and Ireland: the ancient Eubonia and Manx Mannin or Vannin. Capital, Douglas. The central part is mountainous, the highest point, Snaefell, rising to 2,034 feet. The government is vested in a lieutenant governor, executive council, and House of Keys (forming the Tynwald). English is generally spoken, and the native Manx is fast disappearing. The island was ruled by North men from the 9th or 10th to the 13th century; was annexed to Scotland by Alexander III.; and was afterward ruled by various kings. It was ruled by the Stanley (Derby) family from the beginning of the 15th century to 1735, when it pa ed to the earls of Athole. In 1765 the British government acquired most of the royal rights of the Athole family, the last rights falling to the crown in 1829. Length, 32 miles. Area, 220 square miles. Population (1891), 55,598. Manaar, or Manar (mä-när'). A small island northwest of Ceylon. Manaar, Gulf of. An arm of the Indian Ocean, partly inclosed by Ceylon, the southern extremity of India, and the chain of islands connecting them. Manabi (mä'nä-Bē). A maritime province of Ecuador, north of Guayaquil. Population, 64,123. Manacicas (mä-nä-sē ́käs). A division of the Chiquitos Indians who, in the 17th century, occupied the region now embraced by northeastern Bolivia, near the river Paraguay. They were very numerous, and were divided into many petty hordes or villages, defended by stockades. The Manacicas were gathered into mi ion villages by the Jesuits, and became Manacor Manacor (mä-nä-kōr'). A town in Majorca, Balearic Islands, Spain, 30 miles east of Palma. Wine is exported. Population (1887), 19,635. Managua (mä-nä'gwä). The capital of Nicaragua, situated on Lake Managua in lat. 12° 7' Ν., long. 86° 12′ W. Population, about 17,000. IMG:content-0738.png:[blocks in formation] Managua, Lake. A lake in Nicaragua, northwest of Lake Nicaragua, into which it discharges its waters by the Tipitapa. Length, about 40 miles. Manantadi. A town in the Malabar district, Madras, British India, situated about lat. 11o 48′ N., long. 76° E. Population, about 10,000. Manaos (mä-nä'ös). A tribe of Indians on the northern side of the Amazon, about the lower course of the Rio Negro. They are of Arawak stock, and are closely allied to the Bares of the same region. An agricultural and pacific nation, they readily received the Jesuit mi ionaries, and during the 18th century were partly civilized. Their descendants have adopted the Portuguese language and customs. The city of Manaos, formerly a mi ion village and fort in this territory, derived its name from them. Also written Manaus . Manaos (mä-näʼös), formerly Barra do Rio Negro (bärrä do rẽö nã grö). The capital and principal city of the state of Amazon as, Brazil, situated on the left bank of the Rio Negro, 6 miles above its mouth in the Amazon. It has an important trade, especially in rubber, and is connected with the upper Amazon and its branches, and with Rio de Janeiro, Europe, and the United by regular lines of steamers. Population (1893), about 20,000. Mana as (ma-nas'as). A village in Prince William County, Virginia, 31 miles west-southwest of Washington. The battles of Bull Run were named battles of Mana as by the Confederates. Mana eh (ma-nas'e). [Heb., 'who causes forgetfulne '; Gr. Μανασσῆς .] 1. One of the sons of the patriarch Joseph.-2. One of the ten tribes of the Hebrews, dwelling partly east of the Jordan and partly west of the Jordan and north of Ephraim.-3. A king of Judah, son of Hezekiah. He reigned 697-642 в.с. (Duncker). Mana eh ben Israel (ma-nas'e ben iz'ra-el): Born in Portugal, 1604: died at Middle burg, Nov. 20, 1657. A Jewish theologian and states After the death of Charles I. he undertook to abolish the legal exclusion of the Jews from England which had existed since the reign of Edward I. Cromwell appointed an a embly of lawyers and divines to consider man. his petition. In Dec., 1655, the legal prohibition was re moved. More fully Mana eh ben Joseph ben Israel . Manayunk (man-a-yungk'). A manufacturing suburb of Philadelphia, situated east of the Schuylkill and northwest of the city proper. Manbhum (män'bhöm). A district in Bengal, British India, intersected by lat. 23° 30′ N., long. 86° 30′ E. Area, 4,147 square miles. Population (1891), 1,193,328. Mancera, Marquis of, Viceroy of Peru. See Toledo y Leyva, Pedro de . Mancha (män'chä), La. A former province of Spain, nearly identical with the modern province of Ciudad Real. In a wider sense it included also parts of Albacete, Cuenca, and Toledo. It is the country celebrated in "Don Quixote," and is a district composed of monotonous steppes traversed by the rivers Guadiana, Azuer, Jabalon, Zancara, and Giguela. It is the most sparsely populated province of Spain. Manche (monsh), La. [F., lit. ‘the sleeve.] 1. The French name for the English Channel.-2. capitals factures of silk, paper, etc. Population (1900), 10,601. Manchester. A city and formerly one of the pitals of Hills borough County, New Hampshire, re, situated on the Merrimac 16 miles south by east of Concord. It is the largest city of the State, and one of the chief seats of cotton and woolen manufactures in the country, manufacturing also engines, machinery, etc. It was incorporated as Derry field in 1751; the name was changed to Manchester in 1810; and it became a city in 1846. Population (1900), 56,987. Manchester, Earl of. See Montagu , Edward . Manchester New College. A college at Oxford, founded originally at London in the interest of the Unitarians. Manchester Poet, The. Charles Swain. Manchester Ship-Canal. A canal for sea-ve els connecting Manchester, England, with the Mersey at Eastham in Cheshire: opened May 21, 1894. Manchuria, or Mantchuria (man-chöʻri-ä). A dependency of China. It lies to the northeast of China proper, and borders also on Mongolia, Siberia, and Korea, and is divided into three provinces: Shingking, Kirin, and Hilung-chiang. The ranges of the Long White Mukden, Kirin, and New-chwang. The Manchus conquered China in 1644, and established the present dynasty. Area, about 400,000 square miles. Population, about 7,000,000. Manchus, or Manchoos (man-chöz'). [Also Manchows , Mantchoos (Chin. Manchu ), from Manchu Manchu , lit. 'pure': applied by the founder of the Manchu dynasty to his family or the people over whom he ruled.] A race belonging to the Tungusic branch of the UralAltaic family, from which Manchuria takes its Mountains are in the east and center. The chief towns are name, and which conquered China in the 17th century. Mancilla, Lucio. See Mansilla . Mancini (män-che'nē), Hortense, Duche e de Mazarin. Born at Rome in 1640: died at Chelsea, England, in 1699. Sister of Laure and Olympe Mancini, noted at the court of Charles II. She was the most beautiful and intelligent of Cardinal Mazarin's nieces, and he received many offers for her hand. Among her lovers were Charles II. (not then king), Turenne, Pedro II. the future king of Portugal, Charles of Lorraine, and others. He finally married her to the Marquis de La Me iller aye, who took the name and arms of Mazarin. He treated her with gloomy severity, and she found a refuge from his jealousy in England, where she engaged in an intrigue with Charles II. Mancini, Signora (Laura BeatriceOliva). Born at Naples, 1823: died at Florence, Ju July 17, 1869. An Italian poet, wife of Pasquale Stanislaus Mancini, best known from her patriotic poems. Mancini, Mancini, Laure, Duche e de Mercœur. Born at Rome, 1635: died at Paris, Feb. 8, 1657. A niece of Cardinal Mazarin, and mother of the Duc de Vendôme. Mancini, Olympe, Comte e de So is sons and Prince e de Carignan. Born about 1639: died at Bru els, 1708. A sister of Laure Mancini, and mistre of Louis XIV. She was the wife of Eugène (of Savoy) and mother of Prince Eugene. She was a kind of Lucrezia Borgia, and fled from France to escape the consequences of her crimes. Mancini, Pasquale Stanislao. Born at Cas- tel-Baronia, near Ariano, Italy, March 17, 1817: died at Rome, Dec. 26, 1888. An Italian states- man and jurist. He was minister of public instruction March, 1862; minister of justice and worship 1876-78; and minister of foreign affairs 1881-85. A department in northwestern France, capital Saint-Lô, formed from the ancient Normandy. terbury Tales." It is partly from Ovid's "Metamor Manciple's Tale, The. One of Chaucer's "Can It is bounded by the English Channel on north, the English Channel, Calvados, and Orne on the east, and Mayenne and Ille-et-Vilaine on the south. Its surface is hilly. It produces cider, live stock, etc. Area, 2,289 square miles. Population (1891), 513,815. Manchester (man'ches-tėr). A city in Lancashire, England, situated on the Irwell in lat. 53° 29′ N., long. 2° 15′ W. Salford, on the opposite bank, is practically part of Manchester. It is the chief manufacturing place of England, the center of the English cotton manufacture and trade, and one of the principal cotton centers in the world. It has also manufactures of woolen, silk, machinery, and chemicals, and has many manufacturing suburbs. It is connected with Liverpool by the Bridge water Canal and by aship-canal. The cathedral has double aisles, and though short is exceptionally wide: it measures 220 by 112 feet. It is Perpendicular, of the early 14th century, but much restored. The choirstalls, 1505, show excellent carving, and stears to ring from there interest are the cotton-factories, Free-Trade Hall, exchange, town hall, Royal Infirmary, Owens College, Chetham College, Athenæum, several art galleries, and the A ize Courts. Manchester occupies the site of the Roman Mancunium. It was known as a manufacturing place by the 14th century; developed rapidly during the last half of the 18th century; was a leading center of the reform agitation in the early part of the 19th century (the scene of the "Peterloo ma acre" in 1819); and became the center of the anticoun-law and free-trade movements under the lead of Cobden and Bright. Population (1901), 543,969. Manchester. Atown in Hartford County, Connecticut, 7 miles east of Hartford. It has manu phoses," being the story of the crow that was turned white for telling Apollo of the deceitfulne of Coronis. Manco Capac Ccapac (män'kō kä-päk'). or The traditional first father of the Incas of Peru, and founder of the Inca monarchy. According to the legend, he was the child of the sun, and was sent with his sister and wife, Mama Occlo Huaco, to civilize the Indians. One of the stories represents him as advancing northward from Lake Titicaca, with a golden wand, which sank into the ground at the place where, warned by this sign, he founded the city of Cuzco. Another fable makes him one of four brothers who i ued from a cave in the valley of the Vilcamayu. It is believed that Manco Capac was a real personage, probably the chief of a small tribe in the Vilcamayu valley, whence by force or policy he reached Cuzco (though he did not found it), and, acquiring the leadership there, laid the foundations of the Inca em pire. Manco (män'kō): called Manco Inca, Inca Manco, Manco Inca Yupanqui, and, incorrectly, Manco Capacor Ccapac II. Born about 1500: died 1544. Son of the Inca Huaina Ccapac of Peru, and brother of Huascar. After the death of Atahualpa and Huascar he was recognized by Pizarro (Nov., 1533) as the rightful sovereign of Peru, and was crowned at Cuzco; but he had no real power, and was vir tually a prisoner. In April, 1536, he escaped, raised an army, and besieged Cuzco and other Spanish strongholds. Finally defeated in 1537, he retired to the mountains of Vilcabamba, whence he kept up a predatory warfare. He was killed by some fugitive followers of the younger Almagro who had taken refuge with him. Mandæans (man-dē'anz). [From NL. Man dæus , from Mandæan Mandā , knowledge, wledge, gnoreligious body, still found, though its members are few, in the southern part of Babylonia. The religion of the Mandæans is a kind of Gnosticism retaining many Jewish and Parsee elements. They worship as divine beings a number of personifications, especially of the attributes or names of God. Also called Mendaites , Nasoreans , and Sabians , and, by a misunderstanding, Christians of St. John . Mandalay (man'da-lā), or Man delay (man'de-la). The capital of the former kingdom of Burma, situated near the Irawadi about lat. 22° N. It was founded in 1856, and contains the royal palace. Population, with cantonment (1891), 188,815. Mandan (man'dan). A tribe of North American Indians. They were originally in several tribes or villages which have been consolidated since the latter part of century. They were nearly exterminated by smallpox in 1837. The survivors number 252, and occupy a village in common with the Hidatsa and Arikara on the Fort Berth old reservation, North Dakota. See Siouan . Mandane (man-da'nē). [Gr. Μανδάνη.] The mother of Cyrus. According to Hero dot us, she was the daughter of Astyages, king of Media, and wife of Cam byses, a Persian noble, and on the birth of Cyrus Astyages was induced a dream to order the infant be death. (See Harpagus .) On discovering his grandson, ten years later, Astyages sent him to his parents in Persia. Mandara (män-dä'rä), or Uandala (wän-dä'lä). A Nigritic (partly Mohammedan) tribe, north of Lake Chad, Africa. Its language is allied with that of the Gamergu. In the Mahdi wars the Mandaras joined the Baggaras and Nuers in destroying Egyptian posts. Man delay. See Mandalay . Mandeville (man'de-vil), Bernard. Born at Dordrecht, Holland, about 1670: died Jan. 21, 1733. A Dutch-English writer. He studied at the Erasmus school in Rotter dam, took his degree in medicine at Leyden in 1691, and settled in London. In 1714 he published his "Inquiry into the Origin of Moral Virtue," with notes, under the title "The Fable of the Bees, or Private Public Benefits," which was pronounced a nuisance by the grand jury of Middle sex in 1723. His other works are "Treatise of Hypochondriack and Hysteric Pa ions" (1711), "Free Thoughts on Religion” (1720), "A Modern Defense of Public News" (1740). Mandeville, Sir John. The reputed writer of a 14th-century book of travels. The author calls himself Jehan de Mandeville, or John Maundevylle, knight of St. Aubin or St. Albans, England, and says that, starting on Michael mas day, 1322 (or 1332), he visited Turkey, Armenia, Tatary, Persia, Syria, Arabia, Egypt, Libya, Ethiopia, Chaldea, Amazon i a, and India. The book is, however, a compilation intended as a guide to pilgrims to the Holy Land, based upon William of Bolden sele (1336) and