BLADDER

n. Bla?d'dusr. A.-S., blædre. Gr., xéotts. Lat., vesica. Fr., ve ie, Ger., Blase, It., vescica. Sp., vejiga. Any thin-walled sac capable of inflation or having the appearance of being inflated. Used alone, the word is usually understood to denote the hollow organ which serves as a reservoir for the urine.— Air-b. A b. containing air, found in most fishes. It usually coi municates with some part of the intestinal tract, but in some fishes it is closed. When it is compre ed by muscular action, the specific gravity of the fish is increased, and thus it is enabled to sink; when the pre ure is relaxed, the specific gravity is lowered, and the fish rises. The organ is wanting in many fishes, and in the Dipnoi it a umes the function of iration. [A, 304; L, 207.]—Bilobed b., Bilocular b. A sacculated b. consisting of two chambers. [L']—B.-campion, B. catch-fly. The Silene in flat a. |L, 78.]-- dock. Ger., Blasenampfer. The Rumex vesicarius. [L, 46.] —B.-fern. The genus Cyst opter is. [B, 8L.]— B. fucus. “ See Fucus vesiculosus.—B.-fumitory. Ger., Blasenerdrauch. The Fumaria vesicaria. [L, 46.|—B.-gastrula. See PER I GASTRULA.— B.-germ. See BLASTULA—B. green. See under GREEN.—B.- kelp. Ger., Blasentang. See Fucus vesiculosus.—B.-nut. The genus Stap ‘lea. [B,34.]—B.-pod. The genus Vesicaria. [B, 34.] —B.-seed. The genus Physospermum. [B, 19.|—B.-senna. The enus Colutea. fiz.|—B.-snout. Ger., Bläschenkraut. The Jtricwaria vulgar is. [L,73.]—B.-tree. See B.-nut.—B.-worm. Ger., Blasenwurm. A term applied to the Cestoda in their embryonic state, from their cyst-like appearance. [L, 182.] See CYSTICERCUS, EcHINOCOCCUS, and Ceanurvs.—B.-wort. The genus Utricularia. 20 412 419 728 3 277 (FROM FLINT, AFTER SAPPEY.) 10, 11, 12, 13, liver 5, 14, gall-bladder; 15, from ‘the’ cælinc axis; 20, hepatic artery; portion of the stomach; 93, splenic artery; 24, spleen; 25, left kidney; 3, 7,8» pancreas and pancreatic ducts; 9, 222, cardiac [B, 34.)—B.-wrack. See Fucus vesiculosus.—Brain-b. See Cerebral VEsICLE.— Caudal b. The vesicular portion of a Cysticer cus. [L, 182, 201.]—Cloacal b. See Anal sac—Colummar b., Column i form b. Fr., ve ie à colonnes. A condition of the urinary b. in which hypertrophied muscular fasciculi give rise to projections into its interior in the form of cords and ridges. [E, 18.]—Contractile b. In the Rotifer a, a small sac situated close to the cloaca, forming a art of a water-vascular system. Two respiratory tubes arise from t, and it undergoes rhythmical contraction and dilatation. [L, 147.] —Daughter-b’s. Ger., Tochterblasen. Secondary hydatids; cysts arising from the outer or inner surface of the mother-b. and giving origin in their interior to heads, hrood-capsules, or granddaugliterb’s. [L, 182.]—Encysted b. A urinary b. with diverticula or with cysts communicating with it, [A. Clark, ‘* N, Y. Jour, of Med,” 1857, p. 86 (L).]—Eye-b. See Optic VESICLE.—Fascieulated b. See Columnar b.—Gall-b. Gr., xéor is xoAnddxn. Lat, cyst is (seu vesica) fellea, cholecyst is, felliculus, vesicula (seu fol liculus) fell is. Fr., vésicule biliaire (ou du fiel), ve ie du fiel, choléeyste. Ger., Gallenblase. An egg-shaped or pear-shaped sac, about four inches long in the human subject, situated in a fo a on the lower surface of the liver, to which it is attached; serving as a receptacle for the bile, to which it adds a mucous secretion of its own, and which it discharges into the duct us choledochus communis. " [A, 440; C.j_-Granddaughter-b's. Hydatid cysts springing from daughter-b's (q. v.). [L, 182.]—Irritable b. A term applied to an unnaturally frequent desire to urinate, dependent on some affection of the urinary b. or of some part in its immediate vicinity, and not on the action of a diuretic or on diabetes, hysteria, or the like, [A, 439.]—Mother-b. Ger., Mutter blase. A’ hydatid cyst from the inner or outer surface of which Sprite, secondary cysts. [T 182.]—Multilocular b. A sacculated b. consisting of many compartments, [L.]—Saceulated b, A condition of the urin: | ceptacle for the urine; situated in the pelvis, between the pubic b. in which, in consequence of over-distension, its mucons coat is | bones in front and the rectum (or, in women, the qe) behind. forced outward in one or more places between the fibres of the | During foetal and infantile life it is situated mainly above the pubes, muscular coat, so as to form pouches more or le distinct from | It is a flattened, more or le horizontal body when empty, but. when distended, it becomes an oval Nites os “ bag and rises so as to occupy more d Z 5 or le of the hypogastrium. It is d attached below, but free to expand above. It is e entially a muscular organ, lined with mucous membrane and covered, except in its lower portion, with a loosely attached peritoneal coat. Into its lower and posterior portion the ureters empty, and from its neck (see Neck 5 the bladder) the urethra arises. When not over-distended, it holds about a pint—somewhat more in women than in men, [A, 262, 439,440.] BLADDERED, BLADDERY, adj's. Bla?d‘du'rd, -dusr-i?. 1. Inflated like a bladder. 2. Furnished with bladders. [B, 19; L, 56, 73.] BLADE, n. Blad. _ A.-S., bleed. 1. The cutting part of a knife or other like instrument, as op] d to the shank or handle. 2. Of an ohstetrical forceps, one of the two aı ticulating parts, as opposed to the other (Lat., brachium; Fr., branche; Ger., Arm, Blatt); also the part that is ernltd to the foetus, as opposed to the shank or handle (Fr., cuiller). 38. In botany, the flat, expanded po tion (lamina) of a leaf, as dist i uished from the petiole. [B.]—B.- one, Shoulder-b. See SCAPULA. BLADON SPRINGS, n. Bladn.. A place in Choctaw County, Alabama, in a pine-forest region, where there are four springs (the ** Vichy Spring,” the “ Branch Spring,” the “Old spring,” and the ** Sulphur Spring”) containing alkaline carbonates, iron, and a considerable amount of carbon dioxide. The water of the “Sulphur Bpcn H fgntään]s also bydrogen sulphide. THE URINARY BLADDER AS SEEN IN A MEDIAN SECTION. HALF SIZE, (AFTER HENLE.) BLÆSITAS (Lat.), n. f. Ble2s’- 1, the peritonseum; 2, the aymphyaïs pabla; 3, 4, the outer and inner muscular layers of the bladder; 6, Îts mucous lining thrown '9¢25)-i2t-a2s(a%s), n., iinto ios the mot of the T6 Re feta 3 7, i ureihra; 8, the intemal sphincter of the dl se sternal (coiunters) eh Oe) easier sphincter; 10, the vena ig penis; 11, the septum of the cavernosa; 12, 13, us spongiosum; 14, the testicle ah; ispeln the buibo'caver nos us muscie; 16,the bulb of the prethra; 11, the sphincter aul; 18, a layer of muscular fibres of thefafeor apo. Olésité. Ger. aay Wispeln, neurosis of the deep trans versus per inæi; 19, the deep trans versus per inæi er 90, a slip from the leyer of longitudinal fibres of Zischeln. That defect of speech in the rectum; 21, the eee sinus; 22, the anus; 25, the internal sphincter of the bladder; 24, the prostate; 25, the internal sphincter which a soft sound is substituted for ani; %, the external sphincter ani; 27, the seminal vesicle; 98, the rectum. ahard one, like z for s, d for t, etc. (A, 322, 385.] the general cavity of the organ, in which urine may be retained and -_BLESOPODES, BLÆSOPUS (Lat.), adj’s, Ble?s(bla’-e2s)- become decomposed and in which calculi may be imprisoned. [E.] | 0?p’o?d-ez(as), ble?s’(bla’e?s)-o?p-u%s(us). Gen., blasop’odis. Gr., —Stammering b. Sir J. Paget’s term for a condition of painft BAaosrodys, BAacénous (from BAauwrés, twisted, crooked, and movs, and spasmodic urination, with incomplete emptying of the b., at- | the foot). Affected with talipes varus. [A, 322.] tributed toa lack of concord between the muscles that must con- BLÆSOSIS (Lat.), n. f. Ble®s(bla’-es)-0’si%s. Gen., blae so’seos tract to expel the urine and those that must relax to allow of its (sis). Gr., Blaiowo.s. 1, Crookedne of a part from paralysis or escape. [Coulson (L).]--Sterile b. A hydatid cyst havi; neither relaxation. 2. Blæsit as (g.v.). [A, 32.] secondary cysts, heads, nor brood-capsules. [L, 182]-Supple- | BLÆSOTA, BLÆSOTES (Lat.), n’s f. Blets’(bla’e%s)-o%t-a’, -ez(as). Gr., BAacoérms. Crookedne of the legs or feet, especially blæsos is, also blæsit as (g. v.). [A, 311, 322.] BLÆSSA (Lat.), n.n. pl. ’e*s)-sas, See under BLÆsus. BLÆSSUS (Lat.), adj. Ble*s’(bla*’e%s)-suSs(suts). See BLÆSUS. BLÆSTRISMUS (Lat.), n. m. #s)- mu -(mu*s). See BLESTRISMUS. ‘ BLÆSUS (Lat.), adj. Ble’(bla®'e?)-su (suts). Gr., BAacrés. 1. Affected with blesitas or with blæsos is; as a n., a person so affected. 2. As a n., in the n. pl., blæsa (Gr., rà Bdacga), distorted joints, also the hollows of the hind-legs of bees, for carrying pollen. [Aristotle (A, 311); A, 822, 825.)