frangulic acid

Chem.: C14H8O4. It is obtained by boiling the bark of Rhamnus frangula with water for an hour, then adding caustic soda, and again boiling it for several hours. The liquid is rendered acid with hydrochloric acid, and boiled again for some hours. The frangulic acid separates out and is purified. It melts at 254°, is slightly soluble in hot, and insoluble in cold water; heated with zinc dust it yields small quantities of anthracene. It is isomeric with alizarin. frank , the free , and the open man all speak without constraint; but the frank man is not impertinent like the free man, nor indiscreet like the open man. The frank man speaks only of what concerns himself; the freeman speaks of what concerns others." (Crabb. Eng . Synon .) *frank-bank, *frank-bench, s. The same as FREE-BENCH (q. v.). *frank-ferm, s . Old Eng Law : Lands or tenements changed in the nature of the fee, by feoffment, ., out of knight service for certain yearly service. *frank-fold, s . It occurs in Europe, the north of Africa, and Asia, as far as India. ( Sir Joseph Hooker, .) fran-ke-ni-ā-çe-æ, s. pl. [Mod. Lat. frankenia, and Lat. fem. pl. adj. suff.- aceœ.] Bot.: Frankeniads. An order of Hypogynous Exogens, consisting of herbaceous plants or undershrubs, which have very much branched stems, opposite often revolute leaves, with a membraneous sheathing edge, but no stipules, flower small axillary, and terminal, generally pink; sepals four to five, pistils four to five; flowers four to five, or twice as many; ovary superior; style filiform; two, three, or four clefts; capsule one-celled, inclosed as the calyx; two, three, or four-valved, with many minute seeds. About twenty-four species are known. They are chiefly from the north of Africa and the south of Europe, and are mucilaginous and slightly aromatic. ( Lindley .) frăń-kěn-i-adş, s. pl. [Mod. Lat. frankeni ( a ), and Eng., ., pl. suff. -ads.] Bot .: The English name given by Lindley to the order Frankeniacese (q. v.). *frăńk-er, s . [Eng. frank (1), v.; -er.] One who franks a letter, . "He being my general franker, both to and fro, I have frequent occasion to insert a hasty note in my consign ments to him."- Southey: Letters, iv. 170. frăńk-feē, s. [Eng. frank, and fee.] Old English Law : 1. A holding of land in fee-simple; freehold tenure. 2. Freehold lands exempted from all services, except those of homage. Frank-fõrt, s. [A city in Germany.] Frankfort-black, s. A fine black pigment used Old Eng . Law : Foldage; the right or liberty of in copper-plate engraving. It is said to be made folding sheep upon any lands. *frank-service, s . men. Old Feudal Custom : Service performed by free*frăńk (2), *franc, s. & a. [O. Fr. franc =a pigsty.] chin, bench; go, gem; thin, this; by burning, in the manner of ivory-black, the lees of wine from which the tartar has been washed. Fine Frankfort-black, though almost confined to copper-plate printing, is one of the best black pigments we po e , being of a fine neutral color, next in intensity to lamp-black, and more powerful than that of ivory. sin, as; expect, Xenophon, exist. ph = f. frank hearted