crescent, cressent

& 8. [Lat. crescens, pr. par. of cresco to increase, to grow.] IMG:content-1308.png:[blocks in formation] 1. Anything shaped like the moon in her state of increase. "And two fair crescents of translucent horn The brows of all their young increase adorn." Pope: Ody ey. 2. The moon in her state of increase, when in her receding from the earth she shows a curved appear. ance terminating in points or horns. "Jove in dusky clouds involves the skies, And the faint crescent shoots by fits before their eyes." Dryden. 3. The figure of a new moon borne on the national standard of Turkey and hence figuratively used for the Turkish power or Mohammedanism itself. The Turks did not bring their symbol-the Crescent-with them from Central Asia, but adopted it on conquering Constantinople in 1453. Part of that city had been built on the site of Byzantium, which was a Greek city flourishing in Xenophon's wool, silk, or mixed. crěpt, pret. & pa. par. [CREEP.] It was probably the moon, and in gratitude for the aid it had rendered them, the Byzantines built an altar to Diana, and a umed the crescent as the symbol of their city. It is found on various extant Byzantine coins long before the Turks had appeared "He stood alone among the host; Not his the loud fanatic boast IMG:content-1309.png:[blocks in formation] 1. Adorned with a crescent or crescents. 2. Crescent-shaped. "Phœbe bends toward him crescented." Keats: Endymion, bk. iv. crès-çen-ti-ā-çe-æ (tas sh), s. pl . [Mod. Lat. crescent i a (q. v.), and fem. pl. adj. suff. -aceœ .] Bot .: Crescent i ads, an order of perigynous exo- gens. It consists of small trees, with alternate or clustered exstipulate leaves and flowers growing out of the old stems or branches. The calyx is undivided, but ultimately splits into irregular pieces. The corolla is monopetalous and irregu- lar, somewhat two-tipped, the stamens 4. didynam- ous, with the rudiments of a fifth one; the ovary one-celled; the fruit succulent, hard, with parietal placente. cres-çen-ti-ads (t as sh), s. pl . [Mod. Lat. crescent i a (q.v.), and pl. suff. -ads .] The name given by Lindley to the order Crescentiaceae (q. v.). †crès-çen-tic, *crès-çen-tic-al, a. [Eng. cres- cent; -ic.] Like a crescent; crescent-shaped. IMG:content-1310.png:[ocr errors] crès-çive, a . [ Lat.cresco to grow, to increase.] Increasing, growing. "And so the prince obscured his contemplation Under the veil of wildne ; which, no doubt, Grew like the summer-gra , fastest by night, Unseen, yet crescive in his faculty." IMG:content-1311.png:[blocks in formation] Chem.: C8H8O3 Or C6H3(CH3) Bot . ( of a pinnated leaf): Having its lobes gradually becoming larger as they approach its end. ferm line) a grant of the half of the blubber ( dimidium crès-çen-ti-a (ta h), s. [Named after Pietro be taken between the Tay and Forth, for the use of the Crescent i, of Bologna, who lived in the 13th century, church, ad luminaria coram altaribus prænominate and published various works culturenturg: ecclesiæ."- Stat . Acc . xiii., 451, N. V.; also Sibbald's Fife , jects, the principal one being "Opus Ruralium P. 295. Commodo rum," dedicated to Charles II. of Sicily.] cre , *cre e, s. [A. S. cærse, cyrse, cre æ. Bot.: The typical genus of the order Crescent i. Cognate with Dut. kers ; Sw. karse; Ger. kre e. aceae (Crescent i ads). Calyx deciduous, of two ( Skeat .)] equal sepals. Corolla campanulate, with a short 1. Gen., Ord . Lang., & Bot .: Various cruciferous fleshy tube and a ventricose 5-cleft unequal crisped plants. In these the word cre is often used as the limb; stamens 4, didynamous, with the rudiments second one in a compound term. "His court with nettles, moats with cre es stor'd." Pope : Moral E ays , iii. 181. Hall i well thought that in one ancient manu- script it meant a rush, but Me rs. Britten and Hol- land doubt the existence of this signification. In the subjoined list of compounds, Lapsana communis (10), and a few others, are not cruciferous plants. 2. Spec.: The Golden Cre , Lepidium sativum , or any other species belonging to the same genus. of a fifth; fruit gourd-like, with a solid external shell, and an internal one-celled pulpy many-seeded cavity. The genus consists of large trees with soli- tary flowers rising from the trunk or branches. Crescent i a cujete is the Cujete, or Common Cala- bash-tree. [CALABASH.] It inhabits Central Amer- ica and the West Indies. The subacid pulp is eaten by the negroes, and is made into poultices. The hard shell is used for a bottle, and in Bermuda for a pitcher with which to draw water for drinking (1) American Cre : Barb are a præcox. It is and other purposes from the inclosed rain-water cultivated. It is called also the Belle isle Cre tanks. (6) Bitter Cre : [BITTER-CRESS.] (7) Brown Cre : [BROWN-CRESS.1 IMG:content-1312.png:[blocks in formation] IMG:content-1313.png:[blocks in formation] The front of heaven was full of fiery shapes, Of burning cre ets." IMG:content-1314.png:[blocks in formation] (1) A plume or tuft of feathers, hair, or other similiar material, affixed to the top of the helmet; and hence, sometimes the helmet itself. "So saying, a noble stroke he lifted high, Which hung not, but so swift with tempest fell On the proud crest of Satan, Milton : P. L., bk. vi. " *(2) The ornament on the helmet. (3) A figure originally representing the ornament on the helmet, but now used to denote any figure placed on a wreath, coronet, or cap of maintenance, above the helmet and shield in a coat of arms. Crests are of considerable antiquity. Their first introduction is attributed by Hero dot us to the Carians; and their revival to Richard Cœur de Lion, who in 1189 wore one, consisting of a plume of feathers, in his helmet. 5. Bot .: A fleshy appendage of fruits and seeds in the form of a crest. The middle lobe of the inferior petal of the Polygala is in the form of a crest. ( Balfour .) 6. Anat .: A prominent border or elevation running some way along the surface of a bone. It is called also a line or ridge. Thus there is an external occipital crest, a nasal crest, a sphenoidal crest, . crest-fallen. a. 1184 crěst, *creast, *crestyn, v . t. [CREST, 8.] *1. To ornament or furnish with a crest. "Crestyn or arayyn wyth a creste. Cristo."-Prompt. *2. To serve as a crest for. "His legs bestrid the ocean: his reared arm Crested the world: his voice was prop or tied As all the tuned spheres." Shakesp.: Ant. and Cleop., v. 2. 3. To form a crest or top to; to crown. "The feudal towers that crest its height Frown in unconquerable might." Hemans: The Troubadour and Rich. Cœur de Lion. Crete Sweden to the south of Bordeaux in France, being about 966 miles. But this area does not measure the superficial area of the chalk formation, which is founded not on the mineral character of chalk or any other rock, but on contemporaneousne of de posit, as proved by the identity, or at least the close similarity, of the organic remains. (CRETACEOUS PERIOD.] The Cretaceous formation has generally been divided into an Upper and a Lower series, the former familiarly called the Chalk and the latter the Greensand. Chalk is not a bad popular name for the first series, but Greensand is le appropriate, the green or chloritic grains which originated the name being local and uncharacteristic. A better *4. To mark with lines or streaks, as the plume of term is Neocomian, from Neocomium, the old Latin IMG:content-1315.png:[blocks in formation] name of Neufchatel, where it is extensively deposited. Lyell, in his "Student's Elements of Geology" (1871), the last edition of his Manual or Elements, thus divided the Cretaceous rocks and the period during which they were laid down (a) Upper Cretaceous or Chalk period: 1. Maestricht Beds and Faxoe Limestone. 2. Upper White Chalk, with flints. 3. Lower White Chalk, without flints. 4. Chalk Marl. 5. Chloritic Series, or Upper Greensand. 6. Gault. (b) Lower Cretaceous or Neocomian: 1. Upper Neocomian) Wealden Beds (Upper part). 2. Middle 3. Lower In his Abridged General Table of Fo iliferous notched ridge, resembling the rest of a helmet. Strata, given in the same work, the cla ification is: (Used chiefly of seeds or of the appendages of the anthers in some heaths, as Erica triflora and E. comosa.) "The petal becomes crested as in Polygala."- Balfour : Bot ., § 372. (1) Crested Dog's-tail Gra : Bot.: Cynosurus cristatus. A gra a foot or a foot and a half high, with a second raceme, and 3-5 flowered spikelets. (2) Crested Grebe: Ord. Lang. & Ornith .: A Grebe, Podiceps cristatus. It is called more fully the Great Crested Grebe, or sometimes the Great Tippeted Grebe, or merely the Grebe. [GREBE.] crěst'-ing, pr. par., a. & 8. [CREST, v.] A. & B. As pr. par. & particip. adj.: (See the verb.) C. As subst.: The act of adorning with a crest. 10. Maestricht Beds. 11. White Chalk. 12. Chloritic Series. 13. Gault. 14. Neocomian. 15. Wealden. The Cretaceous formation is the uppermost mem ber of the Secondary or Mesozoic rocks. The Wealden rocks, with which it begins, are fluviatile, or in parts fluvio-marine, never marine. Conifere, Cycadese, and Ferns flourished on the adjacent lands, while Dicotyledonous Angiosperms were absent. It was still the reign of reptiles and's pecially of the giant Iguanodon, first discovered by Dr. Mantell. With the Lower Neocomian marine conditions began and continued till the end of the Cretaceous period; the water, when the chalk was deposited, being apparently deep. The seas of those times were inhabited by such cephalopodous genera as Ammonites, Baculites, Hamites, and Turrilites, while among the lamellibranch i ate mollusks was †crěst-le , a. [Eng. crest; -le .) Destitute of the abnormal genus Hippurites. Where islands or not entitled to a crest; not of a noble family. "His grandfather was Lionel, Duke of Clarence, Third son to the Third Edward, king of England. Spring crestle yeomen from so deep a root?" Shakesp.: Henry VI ., Pt . I. , ii. 4.