Sheeraz

See Shiraz. Sheliak Sheerne (sher-nes'). A seaport and watering-place in Kent, England, ad, situated at the junction of the Medway Medway with the Thames, on the Isle of Sheppey, 36 miles east of London. It has been a naval establishment with dockyards and strong fortifications. In 1667 it was taken by the Dutch under De Ruyter. Population (1891), 13,841. Sheffield (shef'eld). A parliamentary and municipal borough in the West Riding of Yorkshire, England, situated on the Don, Sheaf, and other streams, in lat. 53° 24' N., long. 1° 28′ W. It is the chief seat of English cutlery manufacture. Among the articles manufactured are knives, sci ors, razors, tools of all kinds, rails, armor-plates, castings, surgical instru ments, machinery, silver-plate, axles, etc. The grammar. school, Firth College, St. Peter's Church, St. George's Museum, corn exchange, and music-hall are noteworthy. Its cutlery has been celebrated from early times. Mary Queen of Scots was confined in the castle. Sheffield has been a headquarters of trades-unions. It returns 5 members to Parliament. Population (1891), 324,243. Sheffield. A city in northern Alabama, on the Tenne ee. It is an iron-manufacturing and mining center, of recent foundation. Population (1890), 2,731. Sheffield, John, Duke of Bucking hams hire. Born 1649: died Feb. 24, 1721. An English statesman and poet. In 1658 he succeeded to the fo titles of second Earl of Mulgrave. He fought in his father the chamber cabinet councilor to William III., and lord privy seal (1702-05). In 1694 he was made marquis of Norman by, and in 1703 was created duke of Norman by and duke of Bucking hams hire. He was deprived of all his offices by were published Go dolphin and Marl borough. He wrote an "E ay on Satire" which was attributed to Dryden, an "E ay on Poetry," two tragedies, and minor poems. His works Sheffield Scientific School. A department of Yale University, devoted to special training in science. It confers various degrees, including bachelor of philosophy, civil engineer, and doctor of philosophy It was established in 1847, and was named from its chief benefactor, J. E. Sheffield (1793-1882). Sheherazade. See Scheherazade . Sheil (shel), Richard Lalor. Born at Drumdowney, Tipperary, Aug. 17, 1791: died at Florence, Italy, May 25, 1851. An Irish politician, orator, and dramatist. He graduated from Trinity College, Dublin, in 1811; studied law at Lincoln's Inn: and was admitted to the Irish bar in 1814, but devoted himself for some years to literature. In 1816 his drama "Adelaide, or the Emigrants" was brought out at Covent Garden. "The Apostate" (1817) confirmed his reputation, and was followed by "Bell amir a" (1818), "Evadne" (1813), "The Huguenot" (1819), and "Montini" (1820). In 1823 he was one of the founders of the Catholic A ociation. He supported O'Connell's agitation until Catholic emancipation was granted in 1829. In 1829 he was member of Parlisment for Milborne Port, Somerset; and in 1831 was returned for Louth, and later for Tipperary and Dungarvan. In 1839 he was vice-president of the board of trade in Lord Melbourne's ministry; in 1846 master of the mint under Lord John Ru ell; and in 1850 British minister at Florence. His memoirs, by McCullagh, were published in 1855. Sheksna (sheks'nä). A river in the govern ments of Novgorod and Yaroslaff, Ru ia, which joins the Volga at Rybinsk. It is the outlet of Lake Bieloe. Length, about 275 miles. Shelburne (shel'bern). A seaport, capital Shelburne County, Nova Scotia, situated 104 miles southwest of Halifax. It has a fine har of bor. Population, about 1,000. Shelburne, Earl of. See Petty , William . Shelby (shel'bi), Isaac. Born in Maryland, Dec. 11, 1750: died in Kentucky, July 18, 1826. An American pioneer and officer, distinguished in contests with the Indians 1774 and 1776. He served in the Revolution; was governor of Kentucky 1792-96 and 1812-16; and commanded a Kentucky contingent at the battle of the Thames in 1813. Shelbyville (shel'bi-vil). 1. The capital of Shelby County, Illinois, 56 miles southeast of Springfield. Population (1890), 3,162.-2. The capital of Shelby County, Indiana, situated on Big Blue River 27 miles southeast of Indianapolis. Population (1890), 5,451.-3. The capital of Shelby County, Kentucky, 17 miles west of Frankfort. Population (1890), 2,679.-4. The capital of Bedford County, Tenne ee, situated on Duck River 50 miles south-southeast of Nashville. Population (1890), 1,823. Sheldon (shel'don), Gilbert. Born 1598: died 1677 An English prelate, archbishop of Canterbury 1663-77. Sheldonian (shel-dō'ni-an) Theatre. A theater at Oxford University," built by Archbishop Sheldon (Sir Christopher Wren architect) in 1664-69, in which the "Encænia," or annua commemoration of founders (with the reading of prize poems and e ays and conferring of honorary degrees), is held. Sheliak, or Shelyak (shel'yak). [From an Ara bianized form of Gr. χέλυς , a tortoise: in allusion to the fabled origin of the lyre.] The name of the third-magnitude variable star ẞ Lyre. Sheliff Sheliff (shel'if). [F. Chéliff .] The largest river of Algeria: the ancient Chinalaph. It rises in the Jebel-Amur, and flows into the Mediterranean near Mostaganem. Length, from 350 to 400 miles. Shelley (shel'i), Mrs. (Mary Wollstonecraft Godwin). Born at London, Aug. 30, 1797: died Feb. 21, 1851. An English author, daughter of William Godwin, and second wife of Percy By he Shelley. She returned to England in 1823 with her son (see Shelley, Percy By he). Her chief work is a romance, "Frank ens tein" (1818), originating in Byron's proposition that he himself, Polidori, and Shelley and his wife should each write a ghost-story. She also wrote "Valperga, etc."(1823), "The Last Man" (1826), "Lodore" (1835), "Falkner" (1837), and other novels; "Journal of a Six Weeks' Tour" with Shelley (1814), and "Rambles in Germany and Italy" (1844); and edited Shelley's poems, etc. Shelley, Percy By he. Born at Field Place, near Horsham, Su ex, England, Aug. 4, 1792: drowned in the Bay of Spezia, Italy, July 8, 1822. A famous English poet, son of Timothy (afterward (1815) Sir Timothy) Shelley. He was educated at Eton 1804-10; entered University College, Ox ford, in 1810; and was expelled on account of the publication of the pamphlet "The Nece ity of Atheism" (1811). He married Harriet West brook (the young daughter of a coffee-house keeper) in 1811. He was 19, she 16, years of age, and the marriage proved unfortunate. In May, 1814, he met Mary Wollstonecraft, daughter of William Godwin and Mary Wollstonecraft, the author of "The Rights of Women." He abandoned Harriet and went to Switzerland with Mary in 1814, and returned to England in 1815 and settled at Bishops gate, near Windsor Forest, where he wrote "Alastor, or the Spirit of Solitude." They joined Byron in Switzerland in 1816. Harriet Shelley drowned herself Nov. 9, 1816, and Dec. 30, 1816, Shelley formally married Mary. In March, 1818, they went again to Italy, where they remained, in the society of Byron, Trelawney, Edward Williams, and others, for the rest of Shelley's life. By the capsizing of the boat in which he and Edward Williams were returning to Spezia, their summer home, both were drowned. Their bodies were consumed on a funeral pyre in the presence of Hunt, Byron, and Trelawney on the 19th of July, 1822. His chief long poems are "Queen Mab" (1813, printed 1821), "Alastor, or the Spirit of Solitude, etc." (1816), "Laon and Cythna, or the Revolution of the Golden City" (1818: it was at once recalled and i ued with some alterations as "The Revolt of Islam"), "Ro salind and Helen" (1819), "The Cenci" (a tragedy, 1819), "Pro me the us Unbound, etc." (1820), "Adonais, etc." (1821), and "Epipsychidion" His "Poetical Works," con IMG:content-0898.png:[ocr errors] taining "Julian and Maddalo," "Ode to the Skylark "The Cloud," "Ode to the West Wind," "Hellas," "Witch of Atlas," etc., were edited by Mrs. Shelley in 1839, and in 1840 she edited his letters, e ays, etc. Shell if. See Sheliff . Shelomoh ibn Gebirol. See Salomon ibn Gebirol . Shelter (shel'ter) Island. An island in Gardiner's Bay, east of Long Island, New York. It forms a township in Suffolk County. Length, about 6 miles. Shelton (shel'ton), Thomas. Lived in the first part of the 17th century. An English author. He published the first English translation of "Don Quixote" (1612-20). Gayton's "Pleasant Notes upon Don Quixote" was based on Shelton's translation. Shem (shem). In Old Testament history, one of the three sons of Noah, represented as the ancestor of the Semitic races. See Semites . Shemakha (she-mä'chä), or Shamaka (shämä'kä). A town in the government of Baku, Transcaucasia, Ru ia, situated on an affluent of the Pirsagat, 68 miles west by north of Baku. It is built near the site of Old Shemakha, once a flour ishing commercial place, destroyed by Nadir Shah. The new town was overthrown by earthquakes in 1859 and 1872. Population (1892), 22,139. Shenandoah (shen-an-dō'ä). A river in Virginia which joins the Potomac at Harper's Ferry. Length, about 175 miles. Shenandoah. A borough in Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania, 84 miles northwest of Philadelphia. It is the center of an important coal mining region. Population (1890), 15,944. Shenandoah. A ve el built at Glasgow in 1863 for the China trade, and sold to the Confederates in 1864. It was used as a privateer under command of J. I. Waddell 1864-65, and captured 38 United States ve els. Shenandoah Mountains. A part of the range which forms the western boundary of the Shenandoah Valley. Shenandoah Valley. The valley of the Shenandoah in Virginia. It lies between the Blue Ridge on the east and a parallel range of the Alleghanies on the west, and is noted for its fertility. It was the scene of various important events in the Civil War, including "Stonewall" Jackson's campaign in 1862 and Sheridan's campaign in 1864. Shenango (she-nang'go) River. A river in northwestern Pennsylvania which unites, near New Castle, with the Mahoning to form Beaver River. Length, about 80-90 miles. Shendy, or Shendi (shen'de). A town in Nubia, situated on the Nile in lat. 16° 40′ N. It was an important place before its destruction by the Egyptians in 1822. It was captured by the Mahdists in 1884 and IMG:content-0899.png:[blocks in formation] Shensi (shen-se'). A province of northern Sherbrooke, Viscount. See Lowe , Robert . China, bordering on Mongolia and west of Shere Ali (sher ä'lē). Born 1825: died in Rus- Shansi. Chief city, Singan. Area, 76,400 square miles. Population, 8,432,193. Shenstone (shen's ton), William. Born at Hales Owen, England, Oct. 18, 1714: died there, Feb. 11, 1763. An English poet. He was educated at Pembroke College, Oxford. His best-known poem is "The Schoolmistre " (which see). Besides this, which gained for him the title of "the water-gruel bard" from Horace Walpole, he published "Poems, etc." (1737), "The Judgment of Hercules" (1741), etc. Sheol (she'ōl). [Heb. she'ól ; etym. doubtful.] The place of departed spirits. The original is in the authorized version generally rendered grave , hell, or pit ; in the revised version of the Old Testament the word Sheol is substituted. It corresponds to the word Hades in Greek cla ic literature and in the revised version of the New Testament. Shepherd Kings. See Hyksos . Shepherd Lord, The. A name given in legends to Henry de Clifford, fifteenth Baron Clifford (died 1523). Shepherd of Banbury. A title a umed by John Claridge in publishing in 1744 a collection of rules for predicting weather changes. The Shepherd of Banbury's rules attained great popularity, and pa ed through many editions. Shepherd of Hermas (her'mas), The. [L. Pas tor Hermæ .] An early Christian allegorical and didactic book, cla ed among the works of the apostolic fathers. The first part of the book consists of "Visions," in the last of which a man appears dre ed as a shepherd (whence the name Shepherd or Pastor given to the book). This shepherd gives Hermas instructions in the form of "Mandates" and "Similitudes," which form the second and third parts of the book. The scene of the visions is laid in Rome or its neighborhood, and the writer speaks of St. Clement as a contemporary. Accordingly some a ign the date of composition to about A. D. 100; others, however, date it about A. D. 150. The "Shepherd" was in early times much esteemed, and was publicly read in the churches and accounted as in some sense Scripture, though not afterward included in the canon. Hermas has often been identified with the Hermas of Rom. xvi. 14. Also called The Pastor of Hermas . Shepherd of Salisbury Plain, The. A popular moral tale by Hannah More. Shepherd of the Ocean. A name given by Spenser to Sir Walter Raleigh. Shepherd's Calendar, The. A pastoral poem in 12 eclogues by Edmund Spenser, published in 1579. In this form he gave utterance to his opinions on the most important questions of the day. Some of the eclogues are paraphrases of Clément Marot, and suggestions are taken from the pastorals of Mantuan. With the publication of this poem the Elizabeth an age of literature may be said to begin. See Colin Clout . Shepherd's Week, The. A series of burlesque pastoral poems by John Gay, published in 1714. They were intended to ridicule the fashion of pastoral poems and to depict pastoral life without any illusions, but they are so good that they have survived as a collection of excellent bucolics. See Blowze linda and Colin Clout. Sheppard (shep'ärd), Elizabeth Sara. Born at Black heath, England, about 1830: died at Brixton, March 13, 1862. An English novelist. She wrote under the pseudonym E. Berger. Among her books are "Charles Auchester" (1853), "Counterparts, or the Cro of Love" (1854), "My First Season, by Be at rice Reynolds" (1855), "Rumour" (1858). Sheppard, Jack. Born at Stepney, 1702: hanged at Tyburn, Nov. 18, 1724. A famous English robber. He was a carpenter by trade, and began his career of robbery about 1720. He was of a generous disposition, and was very popular. His portrait was painted by Sir John Thorn hill; a pantomime, "Harlequin Sheppard," was produced at Drury Lane; Defoe wrote a narrative about him in 1724; and a novel by Ains worth, "Jack Sheppard," from New gate, but after many vici itudes was finally capwas published in 1839. He made two remarkable escapes tured in an ale-house while drunk. Sheppey (shep'i), or Isle of Sheppey. An island in the county of Kent, England, lying between the estuaries of the Thames and Medway and the Swale. Length, 94 miles. Shepton Mallet (shep'ton mal'et). A town in Somerset, England, 18 miles south of Bristol. Population (1891), 5,501. She ratan (sher-a-tän'). [Ar. šaratain , the two signs (referring to the two stars in the ram's head).] The ordinary name for the third-magnitude star ẞ Arietis. Sherborne (sher'born). A town in Dorset, England, 31 miles south-southwest of Bath. Its abbey church and Sherborne Castle are notable. It was the seat of a bishopric from the 8th to the 11th century. Population (1891), 3,741. Sherbro (sher bro), or Sherboro (sher'bu-ro), Island. An island off the coast of Sierra Leone, West Africa. It belongs to the colony of Sierra Leone, and lies off the mouth of Sherbro River. Its length is about 30 miles. Sherbrooke (sher'brük). The capital of the county of Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada, situated at the junction of the Magog with the St. Fran(1891), 10,110. estimated at from 3,000 to 5,000. sian Turkestan, Feb., 1879. Ameer of Afghanistan, son of Dost Mohammed whom he succeeded in 1863. He lost the throne in 1866; regained it in 1868; suppre ed the insurrection of Yakub in 1870; and fled from Kabul in Dec., 1878, on the approach of the British troops. Sheriat-el-Kebir (she-rē'ät-el-ke-bēr'). A modern name of the Jordan. Sheridan (sher'i-dan), Mrs. (Frances Chamberlaine). Born in Ireland, 1724: died at Blois, France, 1766. A British novelist and dramatist, wife of Thomas and mother of R. Brinsley Sheridan. Among her novels are "Memoirs of Mi Sidney Biddulph" (1761) and "Nourjahad" (1788: afterward dramatized). She wrote two comedies, "The Discovery" (1763: the principal rôle was played by Garrick) and "The Dupe" (1764). Sheridan, Mount. [Named from General P. H. Sheridan.] A peak of the Red Mountains in Yellow stone National Park, south of Yellow stone Lake. Height, 10,385 feet. Sheridan, Philip Henry. Born at Albany, N.Y., March 6, 1831: died at Nonquitt, Ma ., Aug. 5, 1888. A famous American general. He graduated at West Point in 1853; was promoted captain at the out break of the Civil War in 1861; was appointed quartermaster of the army in southwestern Mi ouri in Dec., 1861; was quartermaster under Halleck during the advance on Corinth in 1862; was appointed colonel of cavalry in May, 1862, and brigadier-general of volunteers July 1, 1862; served with distinction as division commander at the battle of Perryville Oct. 8, and at Murfreesboro Dec. 31, 1862,Jan. 2,1863; was appointed major-general of volunteers Dec. 31, 1862; served at Chick am aug a in 1863; commanded an important a ault at the battle of Mi ionary Ridge in 1863; became commander of the cavalry corps of the Army of the Potomac in April, 1864; took part in the battle of the Wilderne May 5-6; led an important raid May 9-25; fought the battles of Hawe's Shop May 28, and Trevellian Station June 11; was appointed commander of the Middle Military Division Aug. 7; conducted the succe ful campaign in the Shenandoah Valley against Early, gaining the victories of Winchester Sept. 19, and Fisher's Hill Sept. 22; was appointed brigadier-general in the regular army in Sept., devastated the Shenandoah Valley; gained the victory of Cedar Creek Oct. 19 ("Sheridan's Ride": see below); was appointed major-general in the regular army conducted a succe ful raid from Winchester Petersburg, Feb.-March, 1865, gaining the victory of Waynesboro; commanded at the battle of Five Forks, March 31-April 1; and took a leading part in the pursuit to Appomattox Court House in April. He commanded the Military Division (later Department) of the Gulf 1865-67; was appointed commander of the Department of the Mi ouri in 1867; was made lieutenant-general in 1869; visited Europe in 1870 to witne the conduct of the Franco-Pru ian war; succeeded Sherman as general-in-chief in 1883; and received the rank of general from Congre in 1888. He wrote "Personal Memoirs" (2 vols. 1888). Sheridan, Richard Brinsley Butler. Born at Dublin, Sept. 30, 1751: died at London, July 7, 1816. A noted British dramatist, orator, and politician: son of Thomas Sheridan (17211788). He was educated at Harrow; settled in London in 1773; and married Mi Linley, a singer ("the Maid of Bath"), and daughter of the composer. He bought Garrick's share of Drury Lane Theatre in 1776; and in 1778, with his a ociates, bought the remaining half. He entered Parliament in 1780 as Whig member for Stafford; and was under-secretary for foreign affairs in 1782, and secretary of the treasury in 1783. He was one of the Whig leaders; was distinguished by his speeches (1787-94) on the impeachment of Warren Hastings; was treasurer of the navy in 1806; and left Parliament in 1812. He was in favor of the French Revolution, and denounced Napoleon. He was a favorite companion of the prince regent (George IV.) and the wits of the time, but his last years were obscured by debt and disappointment. His dramatic works are "The Rivals" (1775), "St. Patrick's Day" (1775), "The Duenna" (1775), "A Trip to Scar borough" (1777: altered from Vanbrugh's "Relapse"), "The School for Scandal" (1777), "The Critic" (1779), and "Pizarro" (1799: a translation from Kotzebue). Sheridan, Thomas. Born about 1684: died in 1738. An Irish clergyman, grandfather of Richard Brinsley Sheridan the dramatist. He was a favorite companion of Swift in Ireland. He wrote the "Art of Punning," and in 1728 published an edition of the satires of Persius. Swift wrote "Gulliver" at his house. Sheridan, Thomas. Born at Quilca, near Dublin, 1721: died at Margate, England, 1788. An Irish actor, elocutionist, and author: son of Thomas Sheridan. He first went on the stage at Dublin in 1743 and at London in 1744, and played with Garrick in 1745. He was manager of a Dublin theater for 10 years, and of Drury Lane after his son Richard Brinsley Sheridan bought out Garrick there. He wrote "Dictionary of the English Language," "Life of Swift" (1784: whose works he edited in 17 volumes), and works on education. Sheridan's Ride. A famous incident of the battle of Cedar Creek, Virginia, Oct. 19, 1864. Sheridan's army, which was encamped on Cedar Creek in the Shenandoah Valley, was surprised before daybreak and defeated by the Confederates under General Early. Sheridan, who was at Winchester, twenty miles from the field, on his return from a visit to Washington, heard the sound of battle and rode rapidly to the scene of action. As he galloped past the retreating soldiers, he shouted, "Face the other way, boys! We are going back!" He reformed his corps, and before the close of the day had Sheridan's Ride gained a decisive victory. This incident has been made the subject of a poem by T. B. Read, entitled "Sheridan's Ride" (1865). Sheriff muir (sher-if-mür'). A plateau in Perth shire, Scotland, situated near Dunblane 5 miles north of Stirling. Here, Nov. 13, 1715, an indecisive battle was fought between the Royalists (3,0004,000), under the Duke of Argyll, and the Jacobite High landers (9,000-12,000), under the Earl of Mar. Sherlock (sher'lok), Thomas. Born at London, 1678: died July 18, 1761. An English prelate, son of William Sherlock. He became bishop of Bangor in 1728, and later of Salisbury and London. He published "Trial of the Witne es of the Resurrection of Jesus" (1729), "Pastoral Letters" (1750), and sermons. Sherlock, William. Born at London, 1641: died at Hampstead, June 19, 1707. An English clergyman. He was suspended in 1689 for refusing to take the oath of allegiance to William and Mary, but submitted later, and was made dean of St. Paul's in 1691. He published "The Case of Resistance of the Supreme Powers" (1684), "Doctrine of the Trinity" (1690), "Discourse Concerning Death," etc. Sherman (sher'man). A city and the capital of Grayson County, northern Texas, 60 miles north of Dallas. It is a trading center. Popu lati on (1890), 7,335. Sherman, John. Born at Lancaster, Ohio, May 10, 1823. An American Republican (originally Whig) statesman and financier, brother of W.T. Sherman. He was admitted to the bar in 1844; was a Republican member of Congre from Ohio 1855-61; United States senator from Ohio 1861-77 and 1881-97; secretary of the treasury under President Hayes 1877-81; and secretary of state under President McKinley 1897-. He has been intimately a ociated with financial legislation during and after the Civil War. See Sherman Bill . Sherman, Roger. Born at Newton, Ma ., April 19, 1721: died at New Haven, Conn., July 23, 1793. An American patriot. He became a judge in Connecticut and a member of the Connecticut legislature. He was a delegate from Connecticut to Congre 1774-89; and was one the committee of five to draft the Declara tion of Independence, and one of its signers. He was a member of the Constitutional Convention in 1787, and of the Connecticut ratifying convention. He was United States senator from Connecticut 1791-93. Sherman, Thomas West. Born at Newport, R. I., March 26, 1813: died at Newport, March 16, 1879. An American general. He served against the Indians and in the Mexican war; commanded the land forces in the Port Royal expedition 1861; and was division commander at the sieges of Corinth and Port Hudson. Sherman, William Tecumseh. Born at Lancaster, Ohio, Feb. 8, 1820: died at New York city, Feb. 14, 1891. A celebrated American general. He graduated at West Point in 1840; served in Cali fornia during the Mexican war; resigned from the army in 1853, in order to accept a position as manager of a bank at San Francisco, California; and was superintendent of the outbreak of the Civil War. He accepted a colonelcy in the Union army in 1861;; commanded a brigade at Bull Run in July; was appointed brigadier-general of volunteers in Aug.; commanded a division at Shiloh in April, 1862, and in the advance on Corinth; was made major-general of volunteers May 1; commanded the unsucce ful expedition against Vicksburg Dec. 26-29; stormed Fort Hindman Jan. 11, 1863; took an important part in the campaign before Vicksburg in 1863; was appointed brigadier-general in the regular army July 4, 1863; served with distinction at Chattanooga in Nov.; was appointed commander of the Military Division of the Mi i ippi in March, 1864; started from Chattanooga on his march through Georgia May 6; won the battles of Dalton, Resaca, and New Hope Church in May, Kenesaw Mountain in June, and Peach tree Creek and Atlanta in July; was made major-general in the regular army Aug. 12; occupied Atlanta Sept. 2; started from Atlanta on military academy at Alexandria, Louisiana, on his "march to the sea" Nov. 15; entered Savan nah Dec. 21; marched northward through the Carol in as in 1865; gained the battles of Averysboro and Bentonville; and received the surrender of Johnston's army April 26. He was appointed commander of the Military Division of the Mi i ippi in 1865, and of the Division of the Mi ouri lieutenant-general succeeded Grant as general and as commander of the army in 1869; visited Europe 1871-72; and retired from the service in 1884. He published "Memoirs of General William T. Sherman, by Himself" (2 vols. 1875). Sherman Bill. An act of Congre approved July 14, 1890. It was supported by Senator Sherman and others as a compromise measure, since the two houses were unable to agree on a financial policy. It directed the secretary of the treasury to purchase silver bullion to the amount of 4,500,000 ounces per month, i uing treasury notes in payment. The repeal of the act was often urged. In the summer of 1893 the act was believed to be a main cause of the busine depre ion, and President Cleveland summoned Congre to meet in special se ion Aug. 7. A bill to repeal the silver-purchasing clause pa ed the House Aug. 28; in the Senate a substitute, the Voorhees bill, which repealed the silver-purchasing clanse but affirmed bimetallism as a national policy, pa ed after a prolonged struggle Oct. 30. The Voorhees bill was con curred in by the House Nov. 1, and approved the same day by the President. Sherrington (sher'ing-ton), Madame Lemmens. Born at Preston, England, Oct. 4, 1834. An English soprano singer. She made her first appearance in London in 1856, and soon took a leading position on the operatic stage. Sherwood (sher'wud), Mrs. (Mary Martha Butt). Born at Stanford, Worcesters hire, May 6, 1775: died at Twickenham, England, Sept. 22, 1851. An English author. She went to India in 1803 with her husband, and was interested in the mi ionary work of Henry Martyn and Bishop Corrie. She is known for her works for juveniles, among which are "Little Henry and his Bearer," "History of Susan Gray," etc. Sherwood Forest. A forest in Nottingham shire, England, 14 miles north of Nottingham. It was IMG:content-0900.png:[blocks in formation] seven Patalas. Sheshonk, or Sheshenk. See Shishak . She Stoops to Conquer, or the Mistakes of a Night. A comedy by Oliver Goldsmith, first played March 15, 1773, printed 1774. At the present day it is probably the best known of the author's works, and, outside Shakespeare and Sheridan, the English play with which the greatest number of persons are familiar. Of post-Elizabeth an comedies which preceded it in this country, those of Congreve alone can be named by its side; and, if it is le artistically constructed, somewhat le carefully written, and much le witty, its moral purity and wholesomene , its fund of good spirits, and its wonderful flow of natural dialogue, are qualities that raise it almost to a level with "Love for Love" or "The Way of the World." Of succeeding comedies, but one has approached it in lasting popularity - the "School for Scandal," produced four years later, by Sheridan. Go e, Hist. Eng. Lit., p. 319. She tim ash a. See Chit i machan . Shetland (shet'land) Islands, or Zetland (zet' land) Islands. [ Shetland , Zetland , earlier * Shelt land , orig. Hialtland , Icel. Hjaltland , later Het land , land of Hjalt or Hjalti, a man's name, from hjalt =E. hilt .] A group of islands north of Scotland, forming the county of Shetland, situated about 50 miles northeast of the Orkneys. Chief town, Lerwick. The group contains about 100 islands, of which 30 or more are inhabited. The surface is hilly and rocky. The principal island is Mainland; others are Unst, Yell, Fetlar, Bre ay, Whalsay, Papa Stour, and Foula. The inhabitants are of Norse descent.