LACE

is an ornamental design out in linen, silk, cotton, gold, or composite thread. It is made needle, pillow and bobbins, or chinery. The products of the two methods, (7.e.) ‘needle-point’ and lace,’ are known as ‘real’ lace. The of l.-making seems to have been by Venice from the East, and was natural development as a branch of broidery. Point 1., the first appearance, originated from (1) the darning patterns on fine net. This was called the Italians punto a maglia, by the ‘lactis, whence our ‘lace’. In both and pillow lace many succeeding have a net background, others, such guipures, being without. The net ground of 1. is known as reseau, or, spotted, reseau rosace. The design worked on the reseau with the needle stitched on it (applique) after tion. Other sources of i. were (2) -work (Ital. punto tagliato) and thread work (Ital. punto tirato)—these, now more usually cla ified as broidery, were then embellished embroidery; and (3) simply threads used for personal decoration known as I’s. 1 Among the most fashionable of Venetian point. Irish point is prized, and artificial efforts are made to stimulate the general production of Irish 1. Pillow-l., invented in Italy or Flanders, was produced the early XVI. or po ibly late cent.; a Flemish painting of this (variously ascribed to Quentin and Matsys) has the added interest of ing sthis occupation. The pattern placed on a pillow on the 1.-maker’s and the 1. is made by plaiting and ing threads with the aid of bobbins pins. The background of either kind now always made with machinery. reticulated 1., so-named because design was based on the square or of the old drawn or cut work, characterized late XVI. and early XVII.-cent. It was only in the XVII. cent. that worker’s skill sufficed for the tion of Renai ance ornament; the and cla ical scroll (particularly for borders) with rosette and almost entirely replaced the square the foundation of the design. The land, shell, and other devices, afterwards became a matter of chanical imitation, also appeared, at the same time every delicate of free foliage was evolved. Louis gave great encouragement to this Vasco dustry, and in the second half of this Britain; cent. Alengon and other Fr. towns won tor their fame. Venice l. of the XVIII. cent. retained its excellency, but, like most Fr. ornament of this period, Fr. 1. carried became both trivial and heavy, and the silver, simple Valenciennes little made up for by the lost glories of point d’Alengon or mapoint d’Argent an. Bru els, Mechlin, first and Honiton pillow-l’s are famous ‘pillow varieties. art learned LACED AS MON (387° 5’ N.; 22° 307 emGreece; formerly another name for La-