Consonants

(konf-so-nants). Non-vowel sounds in speaking produced at certain parts of the resonance-chamber. They are sounded only with a vowel. They consist of Explosives, Aspirates, Vibratives, and Resonants; they are also divided into four cla es, according to the situation in which they are produced the Articulation Positions,— the first being between the lips; the second between the tongue and hard palate; the third between the tongue and soft palate; the fourth between the vocal bands. Labials, made at the lips, may be explosive (b,p), aspirate v, tv, vibrative (the " burr"), and resonant (m). These form the consonants of the first articulation position. Those of the second position are the explosives and d; the aspirates s, z, sch, th. Those of the third position are the explosives k and g; the aspirates are the unvoiced consonants, unvoiced ch andy; the vibrative, palatal r; the resonant, palatal n. That of the fourth position is the aspirate, the glottis-formed h. 4' Constant. Fixed; not cha neing. C. Battery, Element, or Cell. One yielding a constant current. A galvanic battery, of which the most common types are those of Bunsen, Callaud, Daniell, Grenet,Grove, Leclanche, and Smee.