New Hampshire

was one of the original thirteen States. In 1622 Sir Ferdinando Gorges and John Mason obtained a grant of the land; lying between the Merrimac and the Kennebec Rivers. Rye, Dover and Portsmouth were settled by Churchmen and royalists. In 1629 Mason obtained a separate grant for the territory between the Merrimac and the Piscataqua. Upon the death of Mason the colony was left to itself until 1641, when it was annexed to Ma achusetts. In 1679 New Hampshire was made a royal province; in 1685 it was again annexed to Ma achusetts, and in 1749 it again became a royal province. At the outbreak of the Revolution, in 1775, New Hampshire was advised by the general government to form a temporary government. Constitutions were adopted in 1776, 1784 and 1792, which last has been twice amended in 1852 and 1877. The National Constitution was ratified with difficulty June 21, 1788, by a vote of 57 to 46. At first New Hampshire was Federalist. In 1805 the Democrats secured control of the State, which they held until 1855, except in the years 1809-1810, 1813-1816. The Democrats attacked the charter of Dart mouth College in 1816, and the case was argued succe fully in favor of the royal charter before the U. S. Supreme Court by Daniel Webster. Complaints were made in 1829 by Hill and Woodbury, the Jackson leaders in the State, that Mason, the president of the Portsmouth branch of the U. S. Bank, was guilty of partiality in his loans. This led to the bank troubles of Jackson’s administration. From 1856 to 1goo the State was usually Republican. The population in 1790 was 141,885; in 1890 it was 376,530. New Haven Colony. I: 1638 a body of immigrants under Theophilus Eaton and John Davenport settled at Quinnipiack, on the Sound, where they lived fora year without government other than religious unity. Then they formed a government and established the New IIaven colony. This colony entered the New England Confederacy, formed in 1643 for protection against the Canada settlers, the Dutch and Indians. In 1662 the younger Winthrop obtained from Charles II. a charter for the Connecticut colony, which charter included the New Haven colony. The latter resisted obstinately for many months, and was supported by Ma achusetts and Plymouth. On the arrival of the royal commi ion, she was forced to give way and become absorbed in Connecticut (1664). 28