New Hampshire

(-hamp's hur,) a N.E. and one of the New England States of the American Republic, bet. New N. Lat. 42°41′-45° 11', and W. Lon. 70° 40′-72° 28', is b. New N. by Canada, E. by Maine, S. by Ma achusetts, and W.by Vermont, with its S.E. angle abutting on the Atlantic Ocean; length from N. to S., 168 miles, average width, 45 m. Area, 9,280 sq. m., or 5,939,200 acres. Surface diversified, being generally level for some miles inland from the coast till its elevation into the range of the White Mts., in the N. part of the State, of which the highest point, Mt. Washington, forms the loftiest summit in New England. This range has outlying groups in the Grand Monadnock, Kearsarge, and Moose hillock Mts., interspersed over the State. The pp. rivers are the Connecticut (which forms its entire W. line of demarcation), with its many tributaries; and theM err i mac, with its feeders,flowing through the centre of the State to its embouchure in the Atlantic. The upper waters of the Andro scog gin drain a large portion of the N. section. N. H. boasts many considerable lakes, such as those of Winn i pisco gee, O ipee, and Umbagog. The N. portion of the State has, from its picturesque wildne and grandeur of scenery, become designated the " Switzerland" of the U. States. The geological features of N. H. consist mainly of the anc. metamorphic, gnei , and granitic formations; iron, copper, zinc, and lead ores exist, along with other minerals, but they have so far been little attended to. Lumber supplies a prominent product of the State, and with agriculture constitutes the chief source of wealth and industry. The chief cereals grown are Indian corn, oats, wheat, and rye. Cattle-feeding is a branch of husbandry largely engaged in in the more sparsely settled districts; in the more populous centres manufactures are extensively carried on especially that of cotton-cloths-and represent a capital estimated at some $25,000,000. In 1870, there were 3,605,994 acres of land in farms, of which 2,334,487 consisted of improved land; the total value of farm products amounted to $22,473,547; of lumber$1,743,944. The value of live-stock on farms was $15.246,545. In the same year, the a e ed value of real estate was $85,231,288; of personal estate $63,834,002. The total amount of taxation was $3,255,793; and the total public State debt amounted to $11,163,373. N. H. is divided into 10 cos. Its pp. cities and towns are-Concord (State cap.), Portsmouth, Manchester, Bristol, Nashua, Haver hill, and Gorham. The Governor, the Senators and the Representatives are elected annually. N. H. sends 2 senators and 3 representatives to the Federal Congre . The educational institutions of the State are most excellent, the chief of them above the rank of academies being Dart mouth Coll. N. H. supplies ample provision for the requirements of the sick, the insane, and the destitute, being in these respects no whit behind her sister States of New England. The early settlement of this State is intimately a ociated with that of Maine (q. v.). "Ma achusetts, from 1641 till 1679, included N. H. within her jurisdiction; in the last-named year, however, her authority was declared by the English Privy Council to be illegally exercised, whereupon N. H. severed the connection. This state of things continued till 1689, when she once more came under the authority(this time nominal) of the former State. In 1692 she became again 41 4F an indep. prov., and as such remained till 1776, when she united with the colonies in declaring for independence from the mother country. N. H. bore a distinguished part in the War of the Revolution, and in 1788 gave in her adhesion to the National Constitution. Pop. 318,300. Hanover, (-han'o-vůr,) in N. Carolina, a S.E. co.,washed by the Atlantic Ocean; area, 1,000 sq. m.; C. [s. 641]