Sons

do not of nece ity, or by law, succeed their fathers, and two Rajas are generally nominated as heritors of the secular ruler, The Bhutias say that they are descended from a tribe of Tepbus, or Tibetans, which drove out the aborigines some 200 years ago: the latter were perhaps related to the Tarus of the lower ranges of Napal, or may be congeners of the Kuchis of Behar, who claim to come from the Bhutan highlands. ‘There is also a wild tribe of Bhotis between the Satlej and Jamuna rivers. The Bhutias of Bhutan are a small sturdy race, resembling Kalmuk Tartars in type and dre . Like most dwellers in cold lofty mountain regions they are averse to washing. They have been well known since about 1860, having, like the Giarkhas of Napal, enlisted in the Indian Army; like the latter they have proved brave and faithful; and having no caste prejudices they eat and drink and keep company with British soldiers. Bhutias however are somewhat immoral, Polyandry exists among them as among other hill tribes of N. India. They are intensely superstitious, and see Buts, or spirits, in all natural phenomena. They worship especially, with fear and trembling, the spirits whom they regard as evil, propitiating them by sacrifices, prayers, and repetitions of the formula “‘Om mani padmi hum.” To save trouble they buy sacred texts written on rags, and hang these on trees, by the wayside, and on poles near sacred sites, at the head of a ghat, or at cro roads, Buto. According to Greeks a name of the Egyptian gode of Bubastis (see Bas and But), Butterfly. This insect was originally both a phallik and a funeral emblem, because it was a symbol of the life, or soul, and of transmigration—from its grub, and chrysalis, to its joyous existence as a winged creature. It was the attendant on many go de es, and was called the “Love-bird of Venus.” It was said to bury itself, like Persephoné, in earth (where the chrysalis was found) and to rise again, It fitly symbolised the transmigrations of the soul in succe ive carnal bodies. The Hindus show the butterfly with the sacred Bee, and the seven-stringed lyre of Kama, God of Love, and it hovers over the torch which Cupid offers to Venus (see Rivers of Life, i, fig. 270). 418