Res

v, p. 244). Pliny, in noticing “ Andre or Calingi,” quotes Megasthenes (about 295 B.c.): he says: “their kings had 100,000 foot, 2000 horse, 1000 elephants, 30 walled towns, and many villages”; and that they held both banks of the Ganges from the frontier of Magadha to the sea-—that is to say all Calcutta, Ori a, and parts to the south (Numis. Orient., p. 10), “The Rajas of Chedi were called ‘ Lords of the Tri-ka-linga’ (the Dravid Modu-galinga or ‘three Galingas’).” The use of this name—says Sir W. Elliot—did not cease when the Andhra Kalinga left Bangal. The edict of Asoka (259-235 Bc.) found in the Yusufzai country, “mentions Andhras, and Pallindas, as recognised substantive powers, in the times of Alexander and Antiochus.” An Andbra king is noticed on the Girnar rock, as repairing a tank in Gujerat, in the reign of Rudra-Daman of the Sah dynasty (about 189 or 200 a.c.). The caves and hills about Nasik, Junar, and Karli (N. India), bear witne to the presence, and often to the rule, of Andhras (Numis, Orient., pp. 13, 14). Like all Turanian peoples they formed confederacies rather than kingdoms, Native accounts notice thirty Andhra princes ruling for 450 years, Sir W. Elliot thinks that the Saka (or Scythian) invasion of the Kanishka age (Ist century a.c.) drove the Andhras south, introducing predatory tribes (Gujar, Bedar, Marawar and Ramusi).