ANTIMONY

n. A2n‘ti?-mo-ni?, From avzé, against, and Fr., moine, a monk, according to the old derivations, but more probably from Ar., al-ithmud or al-uthmud, a collyrium, which is doubtle related to the Gr, oriupt. Lat.,an tim onium, stibium, Fr., antimoine. Ger., Antimon, Spie glanz. It., Sp., antimonio. A metallic element, first isolated in the pure state by the alchemists of the Middle Ages, but known to the ancients under the form of its compounds, especially the Ententih ide to which indeed the name a, (an tim onium, stibium, etc.) was formerly applied. A. oceurs in nature chiefly as the crude trisulphide (stibnite, an tim onium crudum), and, more rarely, as the trioxide or tetroxide, or combined with conten, lead, silver, and nickel, either alone or in conjunction with sulphur. Metallic a. is obtained under two conditions, amorphous and crystalline. Crystalline a., or ordinary a., obtained by the reduction of a. trisulphide or a. trioxide, is a silvery-white, lustrous, hard, brittle substance of sp. gr. 67, which when cooled slowly after fusion forms rhombohedral nearly cubical crystals. It melts at 425° to 430° C., and volatilizes at a red heat in air. Amorphous a. (explosive or electrolytic a.), obtained by the electrolysis of an acid solution of a. trichloride, occurs as an amorphous ma having a steel-like lustre and presenting a peculiarly mammillated surface. Sp. gr., 578. It contains from 3 to 20 per cent. of a. trichloride. On heating or percu ion, this variety is converted, with the evolution of considerable heat, into the crystalline form. A. may also be obtained in the form of a fine black powder (a. black) by preci ane, the trichloride with zine. A. is rarely employed by itself, but its alloys with other metals (tin, lead, copper, and zinc), constituting typé-metal, pewter, Britannia metal, etc., are much used. a, imparting to such compounds the property of expanding after fusion, so that when melted and poured into molds they fill every part of the latter in Fees and furnish sharp casts. Metallic a. was formerly employed in the preparation of goblets (calices vomit or i i), the water contained in which acquired emetic properties, and of pills which, on being swallowed, excited emesis, and, being thrown up, were used Seat (pilule perpetuæ). A. combines direetly with hydrogen, the halogens, oxygen, sulphur. and other elements, and with a number of organic radicles. See STIBINE and STIBONIVM. The compounds with oxygen and sulphur have both acid and basic properties, giving rise, on the one hand, to antimonious, antimonic, and thio antimonic acids, and, on the other hand, combining with acids to form the salts of a. In composition, a. acts as a trivalent or a quinquivalent radicle, forming the antimonious and antimonic compounds. It also acts apparently as a quadrivalent radicle, furnishing the anti monos a-antimonic compounds. Atomic welght, 122 [B, 2, 3], 120 [B, 159]; molecular weight, probably 480 (the molecule consisting probably of 4 atoms). Symbol, Sb (from stibium). [B, 2, 3, 158, 159.|—Acid a, tartrate. See A. tartrate. —/Ethiops of a. See A ETHIOPS ANTIMONIAL IS.-Amorphous a. See A,—Amorphous tersuiphuret of a. The amorphous form of a. trisulphide. [B, 98.]—A. acetate. Lat., acetas an tim on i i. Fr., acétate d’antimoine. Ger., e igsaures Antimon (oder Spie glanz). It., aceta to d'antimonio. Sp, aceta to de antimonio. A compound of a. and acetic acid. Such a compound exists in several medicinal preparations of a. [B. 119.]—A. amalgam. Fr., amalgame d'antinioine. Ger., An tim on amalgam. An alloy of a. and mercury. [B.]--A. and ammonium tartrate. Fr., tartrate d'antimoine et d’ammonium. Ger., we ins aures Antimanorydammoniak. A compound, 2C,H,(NH,)\(SbO)O, + HO, analogous in composition to tartar emetic, forming large octahedral crystals. , 2.]—A. and lime sulphuret. Calcium thio antimonate. [B, 7.)—A. and pota ium oxalate. Lat., an tim on i i et pota it oxalas. Fr., oxalate d’antimoine et de potu e (ou pota ium). Ger., orals aures Antimonoxydkali, It., o alato d’antimonio e di pota io. Sp., oxalato de antimonio y de potasio. Syn.: pota ium oxalo-antimoniate, tartar-emetic substitute. A substance, having the composition Sb-Ks(C204)s +6H,0. made by adding freshly prepared oxide of a. to a solution of acid pota ium oxalate and filtering while boiling. It contains 23°67 per cent. of a. trioxide, or rather le than half the amount contained in ordinary tartar emetic, which, however, it often replaces in commerce because of its greater cheapne . [* Pharm. Record,” Feb. 1, 1884, p. 64 (B).]— A. and pota iuin tartrate. Lat., an tim on i i et pota i i tartras [U. S. Ph.], an tim on i i et pota æ tartras [U. S. Ph. (1870), Dubl. Ph. (1850)|, an tim on i i pota io-tartras, a. tartar a tum [Br. Ph.], a. tartarizatum [Lond. Ph. (1824)], tartar us stibiatus [Ger. Ph.] (seu emetic us), tartras stibico-pota ic us |Fr, Cod.]. _Fr.. émétique, tartre stibié, tartrate d’antimoine et de pota e [Fr. Cod.]. Ger., Brechiceinstein [Ger. Ph.]. It., tartrato d'antimonio e di po- 2 ta io, tartaro emetico (o stibiato). Sp., tartrato de Gree YD de potasio. Tartrated or tartarized a., tartar emetic, pota io-antimonious tartrate. A double salt of tartaric acid formed by replacing the 2 hydrogen atoms in the acid characteristic by an atom of pota ium and a molecule of antimonyl: 2KSb.C,H,07 + H,0 = 2C,(OHH CEG 3-9P4 H,0. It forms either rhombic crystals ora white powder moderately soluble in water and in dilute alcohol, insoluble in strong alcohol. On heating to 100° C. it loses its water of crystallization, and on heating to 200° C. it is converted into tartrelic acid. It is used as an jantipycegc, diaphoretic, and expectorant in doses of À, to} grain, and as an emetic in doses of } grain. In quantities much exceeding this it acts as an irritant poison, producing violent gastro-enteritis, with vomiting and choleraic purging. Locally applied, it causes marked irritation with the prednc. tion of a pustular eruption resembling that of small-pox. It enters into the composition of the vinum an tim on i i, unguentum an tim on i i, and syrup us scillæ gori past tes [B, 3, 5, 158, 159.]—A. and pota proto-tartrate. See A. and pota ium tartrate,—A. and pota sulphuret. Pota ium thio antimonate. B 97.J—A. and sodinm sulphide. Sodium thio antimonate. [B.]—A. antimonate. Fr.,antimoniate. Ger.,an timons aures ‘Antimonoryd. See A. tetroxide.—A. arsenate. Fr., arséniate d’antimoine. Ger.., arsensaures Antimon. It., arseniato d'antimonio. A compound of a, and arsenic acid, Sb,Og.As,0, = 2SbAsO,. It is a heavy white powder containing 56 per cent. of a. trioxide, said to be used in u ia in doses of sh grain. [B, 5.] —A, arsenide. Fr., arséniure d'antimoine. Ger., Antimonarseniür. A compound of a. and arsenic. Such'a compound, having the formula SbzAs,, occurs native as the mineral allemontite. [B, 3.]—A. ash. Lat., cinis an tim on i i. Fr., cendre d’antimoine. Ger., An tim on as che, Spie glanzasche. A name given to the product obtained by roasting crude a. trisulphide in the proce of preparing metallic a. It consists e entially of a. tetroxide with a small amount of the trioxide and traces of undecomposed a, trisulphide. [B, 2, 49.]—A. bichloride. See A. tetrachloride.—A. black. See under ‘A.A. blende. Ger., An tim on blende. See À. oxysulphide—A., bioom. Ger., Antimonblüthe, A native trioxide of a. [B, 2, ay See A. trioxide.— A. bromide. Fr., bromure d’antimoine. Ger., Bro man tim on. It., bromuro d’antimonio. Sp., bromuro de antimonio. A compound of a, and bromine. See A. tri bromide—A. chloride. Fr., chlorure d’antimoine. Ger., Chlorantimon. It., cloruro d'antimonio. Sp., cloruro de antimonio. A compound of a. and chlorine. [B.] See A. trichloride, A, tetrachloride, A. pent a chloride, and A. oxy chloride—A. cinnabar. Lat., cinnabar is an tim on i i. Ger., Antimonzinnober. A substance used as a pigment by artists. prepared by warming a solution of a. trichloride with sodium thiosulphate, and having probably the composition of a, oxysulphide. 5 3.]—A. deutoxide. Fr., deutoxyde d’antimoine A, tetroxide—A’diamyl. A compound of a. and amyl in the proportion of 1 Ynolecule of the former to 2 molecules of the latter. Diantimontetrisoamyl, [(CH,), — CH.CHz.CHa]g — Sb — Sb — [CH,.CH,.CH — (CH3)a]a = 1)4, is a liquid which slowly undergoes oxidation on contact with the air., 4.]—A. fluoride. Fr., fluorure d’antimoine. See A. tri fluoride and A. pentajluoride.-A. glance. Ger., Antimonglanz. A native trisulphide of a. [B, 2.|—A. gla . See Vitrum ANTIMONH.—A. hydrate. Fr., hydrate d’antimoine. Ger., Antimonhydrat. It., idrato d’antimonio. Sp., hidrato de antimonio. See ANTIMONIC acid.—A. hydride. Fr., hydrure d’antimoine. Ger., Antimonhydrür. It., idruro d’antimonio. Sp., hidruro de antimonio. Hyprogen antimonide.—A. hydro chlorate. Fr., chlorhydrate d'antimoine. A. trichloride. [B, 98.]—A. hydroxide. Fr., hyt cage d'antimoine. Ger., Antimonhydroxyd, Gea rat. See ANTIMONIC acid.—A. iodide, Lat., ioduretum an Fr., todure d’antimoine. Ger., Jodantimon. It., iaduro io. Sp., ioduro de antimonio, A compound of a. and iodine. [B.] See A. tri iodide, A. oxyiodide, and A. thio iodide.—A. muriate. Lat., murias an tim on i i. Fr., muriate d’antimoine. A. trichloride. [B, 98.]—A. nitrate. Lat., nitras stibicus. Fr., azotate d’antimoine. Ger., sal peters aures Antimon (oder Antimonoxyd). It., nitrato dantimonio. Sp., nitrato de antimonio. A compound of a. and nitric acid formed by the action of the latter upon a. trioxide. [B, 142.}—A. ochre. A native tetroxide of a. [B, 2.J—A. oxide. Lat., an tim on i i oxidum (seu oxydum). Fr., oxyde d’antimoine. Ger., Antimonoxyd. It., o ido d'antimonio. Sp., 6xido de antimonio. A compound of a. and oxygen [B]; especially a. trioxide [U. S. Ph. (B)]. See A. trioxide, À. tetroxide, and A. pentoxide.—A. oxy chloride. Fr., oxychlorure d’antimoine, chlorure d'antimoine basique. Ger., Antimonoxychloriir, basisches An tim on chlorid, It., o icloruro d’antimonio. Sp., ôxicloruro de antimonio. Syn.: basic chloride of a., subchloruret of @. A compound of a. with oxygen and chlorine. Such a compound, precipitated as a white powder from an acid solution of a. trichloride by the addition of water, is known from the name of its inventor Algarotti, a physic lan of Verona of the 16th century, as powder of Algaroth (pulvis Algarothi. pulvis angelic us, mercurius witæ). It varies in compositioa according to the method of preparation, When made by the addition of 17 parts of water to 10 parts of the trichloride it has the composition of antimonyl chloride, SbOCI, and forms small rhombohedral crystals. Antimonyl chloride is also prepared by heating equal parts of a. trichloride and absolute alcohol in sealed tubes and, as an amorphous powder, by the addition of 3 parts of water to 1 part of a. trichloride. An oxy chloride of the composition Sb,O,Cl, is obtained by heating antimonyl chloride or by the addition of 3 parts of hot water or from 5 to 50 parts of cold'water to a. trichloride. It occurs in both the amornlgus and the crystalline state. Other oxy chlorides, containing a lower proportion of chlorine, are formed by the action of larger quantities of water upon a. trichloride. A grayish crystalline substance, of the composition SbOCI + 7SbCl,, is formed by di olving a. trioxide in boiling a. trichloride, and this in turn, by the addition of absolute alcohol, furnishes the substance, 2SbOCI + SbgO3. Simi- | phur, lar compounds, formed from a. pent a chloride by dilution with water, are a white oxy chloride of the composition SbhO,Cl, and a. oxy trichloride, SbOCÏ;, a yellow. deliquescent, crystalline ma . By heating a mixture of a, pent a chloride and a. pentoxide to 140° C. two oxy chlorides are formed, one, a white, very deliquescent, crystalline ma of the composition SbsOCl,s, and the other forming yellowish crystals of the composition Sb,0,Cl;, Powder of Algaroth was formerly used extensively in medicine, but is now chiefly emloyed as a source of the pure trioxide of a. and of tartar emetic. tee 8.]—A. oxyiodide. Fr., oxy-iodure (ou oxy do-todure) da: fimoïne. Ger., Antimonoxyjodür. It., o tioduro d'antimonio. Basic a, iodide.’ A compound of a. with iodine and oxygen. Such compounds are obtained as a white (eawgints by decomposing a. tri iodide with water, and a substance ot the composition 28bL, 58b Os, and forming golden-colored spangles, is prepared by adding iodine toa solution of tartar emetic. [B, 2.}—A. oxysulphide, A. oxy sulphuret. Lat., an tim on i i orysulphidwm (seu oxysulphuretum). Fr., oxysulfure d'antimoine. Ger., An tim on oxy sulfid. It., o isolfuro d'antimonio. Sp., oxisulfuro de antimonio. A compound of a. with oxygen and sulphur. Such a compound, of the formula SbS,0 = Sb,04;28b,83, occurs native as kermesite ora. blende under the form of acicular or prismatic cherry-colored crystals, and may also be obtained artificially as a reddish-brown powder by the oxidation of a. thio iodide. A. cinnabar (q. v.) has probably the same composition, and the medicinal preparations an tim onium sulphur a tum, vitrum an tim on i i, and crocus antimonti: are more or le impure oxysu hides of a: [B, 2, 3.]—A. oxy trichloride. See A. orychloride.—A. pent a chloride. Lat., an tim on i i pentachloridum Fr., pentachlorure d'antimoine. Ger., An tim on pent a chlorid, A tim on super chlorid. It., pentacloruro d’antimonio. Antimonic chloride; SbCly. A colorle or Roe very volatile liquid, emitting’ disagreeably smelling suffocative fumes, formed by the direct union of a. and chlorine or by the action of the latter upon a, trichloride, It is readily decomposed into a. trichloride and chlorine, and is hence used as a source of the latter. It forms addition eompounds with hydrocyanie acid, with the chlorides of sulhosphorus, and other bodies, and with methyl, ethyl, and amyl alcohols, and ethyl ether. By a moderate dilution with water it is converted into oxy chlorides of a., but in a very small amount of water it di olves with the formation of the hydrate SbCl, + 4H,0. [B, 2, 8.]—A. pent a fluoride. Fr., pentajluorure d'ontimoine, Ger., An tim on pent a fluorid. Antimonic fluoride; SbF. An amorphous gummy ma formed by di olving antimonic acid in hydrofluoric acid. It forms double salts (anti mono-fluorides) with the fluorides of the alkaline metals. [B, 3.|—A.-peutamethyl. See AN TIM ON PENT A METHYL.—A. pent a selenide. roe pent aséléniure d'antimoine. Ger., Antimonpentaseteniiir. Antimonic selenide; SbaSe,. _ A brownish powder precipitated by dilute sulphuric acid from a Solution of sodium sele no-antimonate. [B, 3.]—A. pent a sulphide, A. pent a sulphuret. Lat., an tim on i i pentast nies retum, sulphidum stibicum, sulphur an tim on i i auratum, stibium sulfur a tum auratum [Ger. Ph.]. Fr., pentasulfure (ou quintisulie) d’antimoine, soufre doré d’antimoine [Fr. Cod.]. Ger., A i mon sulfid, An tim on per sulfid, An tim on super sulfid. It., pentasolfuro d'antimonio, zolfo dorato. Syn.: a. per sulphide, golden sulphur of a., sulph antimonic (or anhydrous sulph antimonic) acid, Antimonic sulphide; Sb,S,. A yellowish-red amorphous powder, devold of taste and odor, soluble in aqueous solutions of the alkalies and of the alkaline earbonates and sulphides, i ge by various proce es, in all of which a thio antimonate is irst formed and then decomposed by an acid. A more or le pure pent a sulphide, prepared from a. trisulphide by boiling with caustic potash or soda and sulphur and precipitating with acetic acid or by treating liver of a. with hydrochloric acid, was termed sulphur an tim on i i auratum, panacea antimonial is. purgans uni ver sale, etc. In the proce of Breparing it from liver of a, and hydrochloric acid a brownish oxysulphide was first precipitated and the golden colored nian was deposi afterward, The latter was hence called sulphur auratum tertiæ preecipitationis. As now ordered in the Fr. Codex, sodium thio antimonate is first prepared by melting tas tt 4 parts of a. trisulphide, 14 of sublimed sulphur, 24 of anhydrous sodium carbonate, and 3 of wood -charcoal, di olving tn water and evaporating the filtered solution to dryne , The thio antimonate is then decomposed by the addition of sulphuric acid. The pent a sulphide of a. is used as a diaphoretic, expectorant, emetic, and alterative in doses of from 1°5 to 2°5 grains, [B, 3, 10, 113,)—A. pentoxide. … pentoxyde d'antimoîne. Ger., Antimonpentoxyd. It., pento ido d'antimonio. Sp. Renigtiao, de antimonio, Antimonic oxide (or anhydride), anhydrous anti monie, acid: Sb,O,. A llght-yellowish powder, of acid reaction, almost insoluble in water, formed by oxidizing a. with nitric acid. It forms two hydrates, antimonic and pyrantimonic acids. [B. 3.]—A. perehloride, A. per muriate. Fr., perchlorure d'antimoine. Ger., An tim on per chlorid, An tim on super chlorid. It., percloruro d'antimonio. Sp., percloruro de antimonio. See A. pent a chloride, — A. per sulphide, A. per sulph aret. Fr., persulfure d'antimoine. Ger., An tim on per sulfid. It., persolfuro d'antimonio. Sp., persulfuro de antimonio. See A. pent a sulphide.—A. phosphate. Lat., phosphas stibicus. Er., phosphate d'antimoine. Ger., phosphors aures Antimon (oder Antimonoxyd). It., fosfato d'antimonio. Sp., fosfato de antimonio, A compound of a, and phosphoric acid, The pyrophosphate of a. (q. v.) was formerly called neutral phosphate of a. _ [B, 142.]—A. phosphide. Fr., phosphure d’antimoine. Ger., Antimonphosphür. It., fosfuro d’antimonio. A white inflammable substance compounded of a. and phosphorus, [B, 3.]—A. phosphite. Lat., phosphis stibicus. Fr.. phosphite d'antimoine. Ger., phos pho rig satires Antimon (oder Antimonoxyd), It, fonfito d’antimonio. Sp. fosfito de antimonio. A compound of a. and phosphorous acid. Such a compound, having the formula Sb,(P,O5) = 2Sb4Oa + #P,0,, is formed as a colorle precipitate on mixing solutions of tartar emetic and phosphorus trichloride. [B, 142.]—A. pota io-tartrate. Lat., an tim on i i pota io-tartras. See A. and pota ium tartrate. — A. proto- O, no; 0%, not; 03, whole; Th, thin; Th?, the; U, like oo in too; U2, blue; U3, lull; U$, full; U5, urn; U4, like ü (German). 42 chloride. Fr., protochlorure d’antimoine. It, protocloruro | iodide. A compound of a. with sulphur and iodine, analogous to @antimonio. Sp., protocloruro de antimonio. See A, trichloride. | a. oxyiodide. A substance of the composition SbSI is formed as a Kermes mineral. [B, 97.]—A. protoxide. Fr., protoxyde d’antimoine. Ger., Antimonprotoxyd. I, pro fo i do d'antimonio. Sp., protôxido de antimonio. See A. triocide—A. pyrophosphate. Fr., pyrophosphate d’antimoine. Ger., pyro phosphors aures Antimon (oder Anti monoæyd), It., piroosfete d'antimonio. A substance, Sb,(P,07); = 280404 + ÉP404, formerly called neutral a. phosphate prepared by digesting a. trioxide with phosphoric acid. By washing with cold water, a salt, Sb,P,0,; = 28b,05 + P,O, is precipitated as a white powder. [B, 142.]—A. radicle. A compound of a, with an alcohol radicle, which compound itself acts as a simple radicle. [B,2.] See STI- BINE, STIBONIUM, TRIMETHYL STIBINE, TETRAMETHYLSTIBONIUM, et A.selenide. Fr., séléniure d'antimoine. Ger., Antimonselen: It., seleniuro d’antimonio. A compound of a. and selenium. See A. tri selenide and A. Fr., sesquichlorure d’antimoine. oxide. Fr., sesquioxyde d’antimoine. See A. trioxide.—A. sesquisulphuret. Fr., sesquisulfure d’antimoine, See A. trisulphide.—A. subchloruret. Fr., sous-chlorure ntimoine. It, sottocloruro d’antimonio. See A. oxy chloride—A. suboxide. Fr., sous-oxyde d’antimoine. Ger., Antimonsuboxyd. A substance of the composition Sb,O(?) said to be obtained as a gray film upon the surface of metallic a. when the latter is used as the positive pole in the electrolysis of water. Probably only a mixture of metallic a. and a. trioxide. [Berzelius (B, 3); B, 48.]—A. sub sulphate. Fr., sous-sulfate d'antimoine. Ger., Antimonsubsulfat. It, sottosolfato d’antimonio. Sp., sub sulfa to de antimonio. Basic sulphate ofa. A compound in which an ox'de of a. replaces the hydrogen in sulphuric acid. [B.] See À. sulphate and ANTIMONTI sub sulphas. —A. sulph arsenate. Fr., sulfarséniate d’antimoine. See A. thio arsenate.—A. sulphate. Lat., sulphas stibicus. Fr, sulfate d'antimoine. Ger., schwefelsaures Antimon (oder Antimonoxyd). It., solfato @antimonio,, Sp., sulfa to de antimonio. A compound of a. and sulphuric acid. Normal a. sulphate, a. tri sulphate, Sbo- (SO,)g, is a white saline ma , Several basic sulphates, in which an oxide of a. replaces the hydrogen of cols acid, are known, as well as the acid sulphate, Sb,Ö3.4S0; =.SO3, a substance occurring as acicular hydrated ‘crystals formed by treating a. oxy chloride with strong sulphuric acid. An impure basic sulphate of à. was formerly official as an tim on i i sub sulphas (q. v.). [B, 2,3, 119.]—A. sulphide. Lat., an tim on i i SE (seu sutphuretum), stibium sulfur a tum. Fr, sulfure d’antimoine, Ger., An tim on sulfid, Schwefelantimon. It., solfuro d'antimonio. Sp. sutfuro de antimonio. A compound of a. and sulphur; especially a. trisulphide [we S. Ph}. [| See A. trisulphide, A. tetra sulphide, A ent a sulphide, and A. oxysuiphide—A. sulph iodide. See A, thio iodide.—A. sulphite. Lat., sulph is stibicus. Fr., sulfite d’antimoine. Ger., schwefligsaures Antimon (oder Antimonoxyd). It., solfito d'antimonio. Sp., sulfito de antimonio. A compound, Sb,(SOg)s, of a. and sulphurous acid; a white powder, insoluble in water, obtained by digesting a. trioxide with sulphurous acid. [B, 2.]—A. sulphocacodylate. See À. thio cacodyl ate.—A. sulph chioride. See A. thio chloride.—A. sulphuret. See A. sulphide and A. trisulphide.— A. tartrate. Fr., tartrate d’antimoine. Ger., we ins aures Antimon (oder Antimonoxyd). It., tartrato d'antimonio. Sp. tartrato de an tim on i a. A compound of a. and tartaric acid. Normal a. tartrate, C,H,(SbO),O, + H,O, is a granular white precipitate, insoluble in water, made by adding alcohol to a solution of a. trioxide in aqueous tartaric acid. Super acid a. tartrate, C,H,(SbO),O,.8C,H,0, + 51,0, is deposited, under the form of large deliquescent crystals very soluble in water, from a syrupy solution of a. trioxide in an exce of tartaric acid. Acid a. tartrate, C,H,(SbO)Og, is said to be formed by adding alcohol to a solution of the super acid tartrate. [B, 2.]— A. telluride. A compound of a. and tellurium. [B.] See A. tri telluride.—A. terchloride, A. teroxide, A. tersulphuret. See A. trichloride, A. trioxide, and A, trisutphide.—A, tetrachloride. Fr., tétrachlorure d'antimoine. r., Antimonsuperchloriir. 1t., tetracloruro d’antimonio. A substance, said to have the composition SbCl, formed by the action of h; chloric acid upon a. tetroxide. It is known only in solution and its existence is not allowed by all —A, pro to hydrosulphate. [B. ntaselenide.—A. aueaurente rts) See A. trichloride —A. sesquichemists. [B, 142.]—A. tetra sulphide. Lat., sulphidum stibiosum. Fr, tetrasulfure d’antimoine. Ger., antimoniges Sulfid [Berzelius]. It., tetrasolfuro d’antimonio. A compound, Sb,S,. analogous to a. tetroxide, described as an cranke colored powder prectntiated Ba sulphureted hydrogen from a dilute solution of a. trichloride. [B, 48, 142.]—A. tetroxide. Fr., tétroxyde d’antimoine. Ger., Antimontetroxyd. It., tetro ido d’antimonio. Sp. tetréxido de antimonio. Syn.: diantimonic tetroxide, anti mono so antimonic oxide, antimonious acid (of the older writers), A substance, Sb,O,, regarded as a compound, SbOy + Sb,O,, of à. trioxide and a. pentoxide, but more probably having the constitution of antimony] antimonate, SbO3.SbO. It occurs native as cervantite, or a, ochre, and is obtained artificially by the ignition of a. pentoxide, by heating a. trioxide in contact with the air, by the combustion of erude a. trisulphide be A. ash], and by igniting a mixture of nitre and a. oxy chloride [see Calx AN TIM ON I nitrata]. It is a white der of acid properties, which combines with metallic oxides to form salts formerly.called antimonites but now called hypo antimonates. [B, 3. 159.]—A. thio arsenate. Fr, sulfarséniate (ou thioarséniate) d’antimoine. Ger., Antimonsulfarseniat. A compound of the sulphides of a. and of arsenic, à brownish-yellow substance of this composition is known. [B, 2.]—A. thio cacodyl ate. A substance forming light-yellow acicular crystals of the composition [As(CH3)a]3Sg-Sb. [B,2.])—A. thio chloride. A compound of the chlorides of à. and sulphur. "Several such compounds exist, analogous to the oxy chlorides of a.: 1. A deliquescent substance, SbSCI + 7SbCl,, formed by di olving a. trisulphide in boiling a. trichloride; 2 À reddish-yellow amorphous body, 2SbSCI + 3Sb,S;, derived from the former by treatment with absolute alcohol; ‘an acid solution of a. tric] 8. A substance of the composition SbCl, + SCl,. [B, 8.]—A. thiodark shining reddish-brown powder © treating a mixture of a, trisulphide and a, tri iodide with dilute pet a acid. B 2,8] —A’triamyl. See TRI AMYL STIBINE.—Ä. tri bromide. Fr., tribromure d'antimoine. Ger., Antimoubromiir, Antimontribromür. It, tribromuro d’antimonio. Sp., tribromuro de antimonio, A substance, SbBry, prepared by the direct action of bromine upon à, and occurring as deliquescent needles or as octahedra, N —A. trichloride. Lat., an tim on i i chloridum, chloruretum stibicum [Fr, Cod Fr., trichlorure d’antimoine, protochlorure d’antimoine [Fr,.]. Ger., Antinonchloriir. It, tricloruro (0 protocloruro) d’antimonio. Sp., tricloruro (6 protocloruro) de antimonio. Syn.: antimonious chloride, a. pro to chloride, a. muriate, butter of a. * À substance, SbClg, prepared by treating a., a. trisulphide, or a. sulphate with chlorine or a metallic chloride. It is a translucent, crystalline, fat-like ma which, on exposure to moist air, deliquesces to a clear liquid. It is strongly corrosive, and is frequently used as a caustic application to tumors or ill-conditioned ulcers. ~ A'concentrated acid solution of a. trichloride, formed by boiling a: trisulphide with stronghy drochloric acid, constituting liquid butter of a. (the liquor an tim on i i chlorid i of the Br. Ph.), is used for similar purposes, and is also employed in the arts for imparting a brown surface to iron and steel. A. trichloride forms louble salts with the metallic chlorides, and with ammonia the comund Sb.CI,NH;, a white brittle solid. [B, 3.J—A. tri fluoride. Fr, trifluorure d’antimoine.. A white, deliquescent, crystalline substance, SbF,, which is s‘luble in water, and forms double salts with the fluorides of the alkaline metals. [B, 2.]—A. tri iodide. Lat., an tim on i i iodidum, ioduretum an tim on i i.,, triiodure d’antimoine. Ger., Antimoniodür. It., ioduro (0 triioduro) d’antimonio. Sp.,toduro (6 triioduro) de antimonio. A substance, SbI,, prepared by heating fodine with metallic a.; a brownish-red crystalline ma , soluble in carbon disulphide, and decomposed by water with the formation of a. oxyiodide. It was official in the Palat. Phar. (1764), [B, 3, 119.. trioxide. Lat., an tim on i i oxidum [U. S. Ph, Br. Ph.]. Fr., trioxyde d'antimos Ge: Wei pie glanzerz, Antimontrioxyd. It., o ido (0 trio i timonio, Fes triéxido de antimonio. Syn.: antimonious oxide, oxide of a. (U.S. Ph.], white a., flowers of à, à. bloom. A substance, Sb,O,, occurring in nature as valentinite, or a. bloom, which forms white rhombic crystals of sp. gr. 5566, and as senarmontite, forming octahedral crystals of sp. gr. 52 to 5°3, Both forms can be obtained artificially by ignition of a. or a. trisulphide (see Flores AN- TIMONII). A. trioxide is also prepared, as a buff-colored crystalline powder, by igniting the residue left after washing a basic salt of a. (a. oxy chloride, a. CEE etc.) first with water, then with solution of soda, and lastly again with water. A. trioxide has feebl acid yea rties and forms a hydrate, antimonious acid (q. v.). [B, 3, 5.)—A. tri selenide. Fr., triséléniure d’antimoine. Ger., Antimontriseleniiir, A lead-colored crystalline substance, of the com peace SbaSe,, formed by melting a. and selenium together. [B, JA. tri sulphate. Normal a. sulphate. [B, 3.] See A. sul phate.—A. trisulphide. Lat., an tim on i i sulphidum [U.S. Ph.], an tim onium nigrum |Br. Ph.], stibium sulfur a tum nigrum [Ger. Ph.], an tim onium. Fr, trisulfure d'antimoine, sulfure d’antimoine du commerce (et pur) |Fr. Cod.]. Ger., Spie glanz, Grauspie glanzerz, Antimonsulfür. It., sotfuro (0 trisolfuro) d'antimonio. Sp.. trisulfuro (6 sulfuro) de antimonio. Syn.: a. (obsolete), crude a., antimonious sulphide, anhydrous sulph antimonious acid. Sulphide of a. A substance, Sb2S,, occurring native, either in the crystalline or in the ma ive state, as stibnite. This native sulphide on fusion constitutes an tim onium crudum (q. v.), à substance of metallic lustre, breaking with crystalline fracture, and giving a gray streak to paper. It contains Various impurities, especially the sulphides of lead, iron. and arsenic. These can be removed by fusion, pulverization, levigation, and elutriation. See ANTIMONIL sulphidum and An tim on i sulphidum purificatum. A. trisulphide is also obtainable as an amorphous red_ powder by subliming an tim onium crudum with's al ammoniac, ‘See Flores AN TIM ON I rubri. This amorphous variety of the trisulphide is also obtained mixed with a. trioxide by boiling an tim onium crudum with caustic alkalies or alkaline carbonates, or boiling liver of a. with water. See KERMES mincral and AN TIM oNIUM sulfur a tum. By treating this impure product with sulphuric acid and washing with water, the pure trisulphide is obtained as light reddish-brown powder. Amorphous a, trisulphide may also be HELD as a lead-colored ma by pouring molten stibnite into cold water, and as an orange-red fée becoming black when ary, by pa ing sulphureted hydrogen into loride or of tartar emetic. A. trisulphide, like the trioxide, acts as a weak acid (thio-acid), and combines with other sulphides to form the thio antimonites. It is used for various purposes in the arts, and medicinally is used as a diaphoretic and alterative, and as a source of the other a. compounds. [B, 3, 119.]— A. tri telluride. A sul nce, Sb,Tez, forming a tin-colored or iron-gray ma of metallic lustre, (pes by melting together a. and tellurium. [B, 3.] Argentine flowers of a. See Flores an- TIMONIT argent in i.—Artificial sulphuret of a. See AN TIM ON I I sulphidum.—Balsam of a. See Liquor vulnerarius.—Basic a. chloride, Basic a. iodide. See A. oxy chloride, A. oxyiodide.— Basic a. sulphate. See À. sulphate. —Black a., Black tersul. phuret of a. An tim onium nigrum [Br. Ph.]. [B,5,98.] See AN- TIMONII sulphidum.—Brown-red sulphide of a. ee À. trisulphide. — Butter of a. Lat., butyrum an tim on i i. Fr., beurre @antimoine. Ger., Spie glanzbutter. It. burro d’antimonio. Sp., manteca deantimonio. See A. trichloride.—Calcined a. See AN TIM ONIUM catcinatum.—Calx of a. See Calx ANTIMONIL—Cathartic a. of Wilson. Fr., antimoine cat hart i que de Wilson. ‘A preparation made by distilling a. Bla with sulphuric acid, washing and drying the residue, and melting with an equal amount of sodium sulphate and double the weight of pota ium sulphate, emplored asa SR in doses of 1 to 10 grains. [B, 97, 119.]—Causca. See À. trichloride —Cerated gla of à. See Vitrum AN- “ lus of a. 315