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The American Dictionary and Cyclopedia · 1907 · p. 74
( Bot.) A gen. of plants, ord. Mo raceæ. There is but one species, B. papyri fer a, the paper mulberry, the bark of which is used in China and Japan as paper material, and in the South-Sea Islands for making a kind of cloth. The plant forms a small tree, with soft, brittle, woolly branches, and large, hairy, rough leaves, either heart-shaped and undivided, or cut into deep irregular lobes. Brow, ( brou ,) n. [A.S. bræw , bruwa ; O. Ger. braw a , the eyebrow; Goth. brahv ; Sans. bhrû.] The prominent ridge over the eye; the arch of hair on it. - The forehead. The general air of the countenance. "Then call them to our presence, face to face, and frowning brow to brow." - Shaks. ren county. Brougham and Vaux, HENRY, LORD, P. R.S., ., (broom,) a very eminent English advocate, jurist, philosopher, and statesman, B. (of an ancient English family) at Edinburgh, 1779. He studied at the University of that city, where he early made himself remarkable for his aptne for mathematical and physical science; his first published production being a paper on The Refraction and Reflection of Light, which was printed in the "Transactions of the Royal Society" for 1798. During the following year appeared from his pen, General The orems, being chiefly Porisms in the higher Geometry. After an extended tour in Germany and Holland, he was admitted an advocate at the Scottish Bar, in 1800. Residing at Edinburgh, he was one of the chief writers in the Edinburgh Review , when it was first established, and contributed to it regularly till 1828. In 1803, when only 24 years of age, he published his Inquiry into the Colonial Policy of the European Powers , a work of vast research, and of great breadth and comprehensivene of view for so young a man. In 1804, B. exchanged the Scottish for the English Bar, and took up his abode in London. In 1808, he was called to the Bar at Lincoln's Inn, and commenced practice as a barrister in the King's Bench, and on the Northern Circuit. The first occasion on which he came prominently before the public, was his advocacy of the cause of the merchants of London, Liverpool, and Manchester, who complained of the injury done to their commerce by the operation of the famous "Orders in Council," i ued against Napoleon's Berlin and Milan decrees. Though unsucce ful of obtaining the repeal of the orders in question, he added considerably to his reputation as an advocate, and was returned to the British Parliament, where, in the House of Commons, he made his first speech, March 5, 1810, in the debate on Mr. Whit bread's motion of censure on the Earl of Chas am, for privately transmitting to the king his narrative of the expedition to the Scheldt. The speech was good, and even eloquent, but it gave little promise of those subsequent oratorical achievements which placed him in the foremost rank of the public men of his time. It would be impo ible to give anything like a complete account of B.'s political career while he held a seat in the Lower House. It will be sufficient to say, that after the close of the war, in 1815, the attention of the government and of the people was turned to domestic affairs and matters of internal regulation; and that to the discu ion of these subjects, B. brought a well-informed and versatile mind, an enlightened philanthropy, liberal opinions, and a burning zeal against tyranny, wrong, and oppre ion. His efforts for the abolition of flogging in the army, the repeal of Roman Catholic disabilities, reform in the govt. of India, the diffusion of education, the improvement of prison management, the abolition of slavery, law reform, and the independence of the newspaper pre , will never be forgotten. In 1818, B. obtained a parliamentary committee for inquiry into abuses connected with the educational foundations of the kingdom; the commencement of the movement in favor of popular education. In 1820-1, he was profe ionally engaged in Westminster Hall as Attorney-General to Queen Caroline, whose cause he advocated with something more than the zeal of a common advocate, and his fearle and burning elo "And to the brow of heaven Pursuing, drive them out from God and bli ." - Milton. Smart .
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