Bruch

(brookh), Max, Cologne, Jan. 6, 1838—near Berlin, Oct. 2, 1920; noted pianist and composer; at first, pupil of his mother (née Almenrader), a singer; later with Brei den stein, Bonn; 1853 he gained the four-year scholarship of the Mozart at Frankfort, and stud- Hiller, Reinecke, Breuning; at 14, prod. a symphony, Cologne; 1858, his first dram. work, Goethe’s Sings piel, “‘Scherz, List und Rache” (op. 1); 1864, prod. opera “‘Loreley,” etc.; male chorus ‘‘Frithjof”; 1865-67, at Coblenz, composed his first pop. vln.-concerto (G minor); 1867-70, court-cond. at Sonders hausen; in 1878 cond. Stern Choral Union, Berlin; in 1880, cond. Liverpool Philh. Soc.; 1883, dir. Breslau Orchestral Soc.; 1881, m. Fri. Tuczek, of Berlin, a singer; lived in Breslau till 1890; 1892-1910, at K. Hochschule in Berlin; he received in 1908 the Pru ian order for merit in art and learning, and many honours from England, France, etc.; prod.’ 1872, ‘‘ Hermione,” based on ‘‘Winters Tale”; 1873-78, prod. the chorals ‘“‘Arm in i us’” and ‘Lied von der Glocke,”’ and the 2d vln.-concerto; 1883, came to U. S. and prod. hic ‘“Arm in i us,” Boston. The epic can. tat a is his special field; among his works of this sort are “Ody eus,” “Arm in i us,” ‘Lied von der Glocke,” and ‘‘Achilleus’’; for male chorus, “Frithjof,” “Salamis,” “ Normannenzug” and “Leonidas” (op. 66). He arranged the old Hebrew melody Kol Nidre, and composed a cantata “Das Feuerkreuz’’? (op. 52, 1888); three symphonies; oratorio, ‘“‘Moses” (1895); 3 vin.-concertos, which have won great popularity; secular oratorio, “Gustav Adolf”; “‘ Nal und Damajant”; ‘Die Macht des Gesanges,” for barytone, mixed chor. and orch., etc. Briickler (briik’-lér), Hugo, Dresden, 1845—1871; composer. (brook’-nér), Anton, Ausfelden, Upper Austria, Sept. 4, 1824 —Vienna, Oct. 11, 1896; eminent composer; mainly self-taught as organist; 1867, court-organist at Vienna; prof. of org., harm. and cpt. at Cons.; 1875, “‘Lektor’”’ music at Vienna Univ.; 1891, Dr. hon. causa; noted organ-virtuoso and a disciple of Wagner; he composed nine symphonies: 1, C minor (1868); 2, C minor (1873); 3, D minor (1877); 4, E flat, known as the ‘‘ Romantic” (1881); 5, B flat (1894); 6, A (1899); 7, E (1884); 8, C minor (1892);9, left incomplete but often played with his ‘“‘Te Dewm’’ as concluding choral movement. of.the original version of Bruckner’s symphonies by the Musikwi entschaftliche Verlag, Vienna, led to a controversy as to whether the previously known copies had been indefensibly altered and ed. by his pupils Ferdinand Loewe and the brothers Franz and Josef Schalk. But evidence was adduced to show that B. approved these changes. His choral works include three Grand Ma es, a ‘‘Te Deum,” a Requiem, motets, psalms, and various church music, pcs. for male chorus. C. also a string quintet. The fame of B. has grown to great proportions since his death, not only in Germany and Austria, where he is considered a cla ic in the great line of Romantic composers, but also in other countries. An International Bruckner Soc. devotes itself to furthering perfs. of his music. The best pa ages in his works are undoubtedly of noble fervour and breadth, sublimity, but other pages are clumsy, repetitious, and lacking in contrast. influence of Wagner is evident in his scores. Biog. by Fz. Brunner (Linz-onDanube, 1895). Other memoirs by Louis, Funtek, Griflinger, Morold, Halm, Krug, Grunsky and Gédllerich. Briickner (briik’-nér), Oscar, Erfurt, Jan. 2, 1857—Wiesbaden, June 8, 1930; ’cellist; pupil of Griitzmacher and Draeseke; Germany, Ru ia, etc.; Ducal chamber-virtuoso at Strelitz; 1889 teacher in the Wiesbaden Cons., and composer. (brdon-yo’-lé), Attilio, —b. Rome, Sept. 7, 1880—Bolzano, July Io, 1937; Won Ist prize in international Rubin stein contest, Paris, 1905; appointed prof. of piano at Parma Cons. in competition same year; 1907, Naples Cons.; 1916, at Rome Cons. and after 1921, Florence Cons.; has c. music for orch., piano, violin, also ed. complete works of Chopin. (broons), Nikolaus, stadt, Schleswig, 1665 — Husum, ' 1697; organist and violinist. Briill (bril), Ignaz, Moravia, Nov. 7, 1846—Vienna, Sept. 17, 1907" pianist; pupil of Epstein, Rufinatscha and De off; 1872-78, pf.-prof. Hotak Institute, Vienna; his first opera Die Betiler von Sam mark and”’ (1864) was not succ., but ‘‘Das Goldene Kreuz” (Berlin) (1875) was very pop.; followed by 6 other operas and the succ. comic opera ‘‘Der Husar” (Vienna, March 2, 1898); composed also hunting overture “Im Walde,” etc. Brumel (broo’-mél), Anton, ca. 1480— ca. 1520; Flemish cptist.