ARTIFICIAL

Created by art, or by taw; existing only by force of or in con• temp lati on of law. -Artificial force. In patent law. A nat• nral force so transformed in character or energies by human power as to po e new capa• · bilities of action; this transformation of a natural force into a force practically new involves a true inventive act. Wall v. Leck, 66 Fed. 555, 13 C. C. A. 630.-Artifl.cial persons. Persons created and devised by human laws for the purposes of society and government, as distinguished from natural persons. Corporations are examples of artificial persons. · 1 BI. Comm. 123. Chapman v. Brewer, 43 Neb. 890, 62 N. W. 320, 47 Am. St. Rep. 779; Smith.v. Trust Co., 4 Ala. 568.-Arti:ftcial presumptions. Also ea.lied "legal presumptions;" those which derive their force and effect from the law, rather than their natural tendency to produce belief. 3 Starkie, Ev. 1235. Gulick v. Loder, 13 N. J. Law, 72, 23 Am. Dec. 711.-. Artificial succe ion. The succe ion between predece ors and succe ors in a corpora• tion aggregate or sole. Thomas v. Dakin, 22 Wend. (N. Y.) 100.-Artiflcial watercourse, See w. ATERCOURSE. [s. 98]