Hayes

August us Allen, ar American chemist; born in Windsor Vt., in’ 1806. He studied chemistry under Dana. He discovered the or. ganic alkaloid sanguinaria, carriec through experiments which led to the construction in 1838 of improved fur naces and boilers, suggested the proce of reducing pig to malleable iron without lo by the use of the oxides of iron, as well as new proce es in copper-smelting, the decomposition of alcohol, and the formation of chloroform, and made important investigations into the properties of guano. a also examined the constitution of seawater and fresh water at various depths, prepared a report for the navy department on the copper-sheathing of ve els, and supplied a novel proce for the manufacture of saltpeter. Hayes was for many years state a ayer of Ma achusetts, and died in Brook line, Ma ., June 21, 1882.