Moloch

See Molech. Mologa (mō-lō'gä). A town in the government of Yaroslaff, Ru ia, situated on the Mologa, near its junction with the Volga, 175 miles north of Moscow. Population (1893), 7,930. Mologa. A tributary of the Volga. Length, about 300 miles. Molokai (mō-lō-ki'). One of the Hawaiian Islands, Pacific Ocean, situated southeast of Oahu and northwest of Maui. The surface is mountainous. Length, 35 miles. Area, 261 square miles. Population, with Lanai (1900), 2,504. Molo i ans (mō-losh'ianz). [Gr. Μολοσσοί .] An ancient tribe or race of Epirus, in northern Greece. They occupied at first a district in the center, but ultimately their kings ruled over all Epirus. Their breed of shepherd-dogs was famous. Molo us (mo-los'us). [Gr. Μολοσσός.] In Greek legend, the son of Neoptolemus and Andro mache. Moltke (molt'ke), Count Hellmuth Karl Bernhard von. Born at Parchim, MecklenburgSchwerin, Oct. 26, 1800: died at Berlin, April 24, 1891. A celebrated Pru ian field-marshal. He was the son of Fritz von Moltke, an officer first in the Pru ian and afterward in the Danish service. He graduated at the military academy at Copenhagen in 1818; recerved a commi ion in the Danish army in 1819; entered the Pru ian army in 1822; completed his studies at the military academy at Berlin 1823-26; was a igned to duty on the general staff in 1832; and a isted the sultan Mahmud II. in the reorganization of the Turkish army on the Pru ian model during a leave of absence 1835-39. He was appointed chief of the general staff in 1858, and, in conformity with the determination of William I. to raise Pru ia to the rank of a great military power, immediately began a reorganization of the army on an enlarged plan, which, with the parliamentary support of Count von Bismarck, the head of the cabinet, and of General von Roon, the secretary of war, was completed in 1863. He was the chief strategist in the war of Austria and Pru ia against Denmark in 1864, in the Austro-Pru ian war in 1866, and in the Franco-German war 1870-71. He was promoted general of infantry in 1866; was created a count in 1870; was made field-marshal in 1871, and a life member of the Pru ian Upper House in 1872. He resigned his post as chief of staff in 1888. Among his works are "Briefe über Zustände, etc., in der Türkei 1835-39" (1841), "Der ru ischtürkische Feldzug 1828-29" (1845), and "Geschichte des deutsch-französischen Krieges von 1870-71" (1891). The appendix to the last contains a fuller version of the article on the battle of Königgrätz and the war of 1866 which appeared in 1881. His Briefe" (1892) cover a period of 65 years, including, besides those from Turkey, letters from Rome 1845-46, and Paris and Ru ia 1858-61. His collected works, including numerous letters, e ays, speeches, autobiographical notes, and a novel, appeared 1891-93. His military works were published separately 1892-93. Moluas (mo-lö'äs). See Luba . Molucca (mō-luk'a) Pa age. A sea pa age lying between Gilolo on the east and the northern part of Celebes on the west. Moluccas (mō-luk'äz), or Spice Islands. A collection of islands belonging to the Dutch, situated in the Malay Archipelago east of Celebes and west of Papua. The chief islands are Islands. Gilolo, Ternate, The surface Amboyna, is generally Ceram, Buru, mountainous. and the Banda The group is noted for the production of cloves and nutmegs. The inhabitants are generally Alfures, Malays, and PapuThe islands were discovered and taken po e ion of ans. by the Portuguese about 1512, but have been under Dutch suzerainty since the beginning of the 17th century. Area, about 20,000 square miles. Population, 375,000. Molwitz. See Mollwitz . Molyneux (mol'i-nöks), William. Born at Dublin, April 17, 1656: died there, Oct. 11, 1698. An Irish philosopher. He entered Trinity College, Dublin, in 1671, and the Middle Temple in 1675. He devoted himself especially to philosophy and mathematics. His version of Des cartes's "Meditations" was published in 1680. In 1686 he published his "Sci other i cum Telescopum," and the "Dioptric a Nova " in 1692. He enjoyed the intimate friendship of John Locke. His best. of Parliament in England Stated," was published in 1698. Mombasa (mom-bä'sä), or Mombaz (mombäs'). A seaport in British East Africa, situ ated in lat. 4° 4′ S., long. 39° 43′ E.: the capital of the British East Africa Protectorate. It was taken by the Portuguese in 1505, and toward the close of the century they built a fort there. They were expelled in 1698. Mombasa was acquired by Zanzibar in 1834, and in 1890 pa ed to the British East Africa Company. It is the terminus of a railway to the interior, and a naval coaling-station. Population, about 20,000. Mombuttu (mom-böt'tö). An important tribe of central Africa, densely settled in a fertile tract on the river Welle between the Nyam-Nyamand the Mabode. The Mombuttu are not so black as the Nyam-Nyam, and have long noses, which give them a Semitic expre ion. They paint their bodies, wear bark cloth, use iron and copper as currency, are in a higher state of culture than other negroes, and yet they are the worst cannibals of the Dark Continent. Number estimated at 1,000,000. Mommsen (mom'zen), The odor. Born at Garding, Schleswig, Nov. 30, 1817: died at Char lot ten burg, Nov. 1, 1903. A celebrated German historian. He studied philology and jurisprudence at Kiel. From 1844 to 1847 he traveled in France and Italy, work, "The Case of Ireland's being Bound by Acts engaged in archæological studies. In 1848 he was made profe or of law at Leipsic, a position which he was obliged to renounce in 1850 in consequence of his participation in the political movements of 1848-49. In 1852 he became profe or of Roman law at Zurich. In 1854 he accepted a similar profe orship at Breslau, and in 1857 was made profe or of ancient history at the University of Berlin. His principal work is his “Römisc he Geschichte" ("Roman History," 1854-56). Other works are "Die romische Chronologie bis auf Cäsar" ("Roman Chronology down to Cæsar," 1858), "Geschichte des römischen Münzwesens" ("History of Roman Coinage," 1860), "Romische Forschungen" ("Roman Investigations," 1864-79), “Romisches Staatsrecht" (1871-76), and numerous minor articles and monographs on archæological subjects and Ro man law. As secretary, after 1873, of the Berlin Academy, he was the editor of the great "Corpus inscriptionuin Moncey latin arum" published by that body. He took, at various times, an active part in politics, and was a member of the Pru ian House of Delegates, where his political views were those of the National Liberal party. Mompos (mom-pos'), or Mompox (mom-рон'). A town in Colombia, department of Bolivar, situated on the Magdalen a about lat. 9° 15′ Ν. Population (1886), about 10,000. Momus (mo'mus). [Gr. Μῶμος.] In Greek mythology, a god personifying censure and mockery: according to Hesiod, the son of Night. Mona (mo'nä). The Latin name of Angle sea: used also for the Isle of Man. Monaco (mon'ä-kō). 1. A principality situated on the Mediterranean and inclosed by the department of Alpes-Mar i times, France. It produces fruits, olive-oil, perfumes, liqueurs, etc. The government is an absolute monarchy. It has been succe ively under Spanish, Sard in i an, and French protection, and was united to France 1793-1814. Area, 8 square miles. Population (1890), 13,374. 2. The capital of Monaco, situated on a promontory projecting into the Mediterranean 9 miles east-northeast of Nice: the ancient Her culis Monœci Portus. Near it is the gambling resort Monte Carlo. Population (1890), 3,292. Monadnock (mō-nad'nok), or Grand Monadnock. An isolated mountain in Cheshire County, southwestern New Hampshire, 37 miles southwest of Concord. Height, 3,186 feet. Monagas (mō-nä'gäs), José Gregorio. Born at Maturin, 1795: died at Maracaibo, 1858. Venezuelan soldier and politician, brother of José Tadeo Monagas. He was an unsucce ful presidential candidate in 1846, and was elected for the term 1851-55: during this period slavery was abolished (March, 1854). After his brother's downfall he was arrested, and died in captivity. Monagas, José Tadeo. Born near Maturin, Oct. 28, 1784: died at El Valle, near La Guaira, Nov. 18, 1868. A Venezuelan general and politician. He served under Bolivar 1813-21; headed an unsucce ful rebellion 1835; was elected president for the term 1847-51; and in 1848 a umed dictatorial powers, imprisoning Paez who had declared against him. Succeeded by his brother in 1851, he took command of the army, and was reëlected president (1855), but was deposed in 1858 and banished. In March, 1868, he declared against Falcon, drove him from the country, and was elected president by Congre , but died before he could a ume office. Monaghan (monʼa-chan). 1. A county in Ulster, Ireland. It is bounded by Tyrone on the north, Armagh on the east, Louth on the southeast, Meath on the south, and Cavan and Fermanagh on the west. The surface is hilly. Area, 500 square miles. Population (1891), 86,206. 2. The capital of the county of Monaghan, 48 miles west-southwest of Belfast. Population (1891), 2,838. Monal des chi (mō-näl-des'kē), Marchese Giovanni. Died at Fontainebleau, France, Nov. 10, 1657. An Italian, favorite of Queen Christine of Sweden, murdered by her orders. Mona (Madonna) Lisa. A famous portrait by Leonardo da Vinci, in the Louvre, Paris. It represents "La Gioconda," the wife of the Florentine Fr. del Giocondo. The painter worked at it for 4 years, and then proclaimed it unfinished. Monarcho (mō-när'kō). A half-witted Italian who lived in London in the 16th century. He profe ed to be the king of all the world. Armado, in Shak spere's "Love's Labour's Lost," is supposed to be intended. for him, and indeed is once called by his name. Monastery, The. A novel by Sir Walter Scott, published in 1820. The scene is laid in Scotland in the 16th century. "The Abbot" is a sequel. or continuation of it. Monastir (mō-näs-tēr'). A vilayet in European. Turkey. Area, 7,643 square miles. Population, 664,379. Monastir, or Bitolia (bē-tōʻli-ä), or Toli-Monastir (toʻlē-mō-näs-tēr'). A town in the vilayet of Monastir, European Turkey, situated in lat. 41° 1' N., long. 21° 17′ E. It is an important. strategic and commercial point. Population, 45,000. Monastir, or Mistir (mēs-tēr'). A seaport in Tunis, situated on the Gulf of Hammamet in lat. 35° 45′ N., long. 10°51′ E. Population, about 8,000. Monboddo, oddo, Lord. See Burnett , James . Monbuttu. See Mombuttu . Moncada (mōn-käʼтнä), Francisco de. Born at alencia, Spain, Dec. 29,1586: killed at Goch, Pru ia, 1635. A Spanish historian and general. He wrote a "History of the Expedition of the Catalans and Aragonese against the Turks and Greeks" (1623). Moncalieri (mon-kä-lē-ā'rē). A town in the province of Turin, Italy, situated on the Po 5 miles south of Turin. Population (1881), commune, 11,379. Moncey (môn-sā'), Bon Adrien Jean not de, Duc de Conegliano. Born July 31, 1754: died The Century Cyclopedia of Names IMG:content-0793.png:[blocks in formation] April 20, 1842. A French marshal, dist in- Monferrato. See Montferrat . guished in the Napoleonic campaigns in Italy and Spain. Mönch (mėnch), or Wei -Mönch (vis'mench). [G., 'the monk,' or 'white monk.'] A peak of the Bernese Alps, situated on the border of the cantons of Bern and Valais, Switzerland, 38 miles southeast of Bern. It was ascended first in 1857. Height, 13,465 feet.