Halleck, Fitz

-GREENE, an American poet, B. at Guilford, Conn., 1795. He entered a banking-house in New York city in 1813, and remained in that city engaged in mercantile pursuits until 1849, when he returned to Connecticut. His first contribution to American literature consisted of various humorous and satirical odes and lyrics, contributed to the "New York Evening Post" in 1819, in conjunction with his friend J. R. Drake, under the pseudonyms of "Croaker," and "Fanny." His longest satirical poem appeared in the same year. In 1822 H. visited England and the continent of Europe, and on his return to the U. States, in 1827, brought out a small vol. of poems, containing Alnwick Castle, Marco Bozza ris, .; and some other pieces, which had appeared in different periodicals, were collected and published in 1835. For some time previous to the death of J. J. Astor, H. was engaged to a ist him in his busine affairs, and was one of the original trustees of the Astor Library. In 1865 appeared his last work, Young America, which is not up to the mark of its predece ors. D. 1867. His statue was erected in Central Park, N. Y., in 1877. Hal'leck, HENRY WAGER, an American general, B. in New York city, about 1810, entered West Point as a cadet in 1835, graduated in 1839, was appointed to the U. S. Engineer Corps as 2d lieutenant in July of the same year, and was one of the A istant Engineer Profe ors at West Point from that time till 1840. He was made 1st lieut. in 1845, having previously published a work on Bitumen, and he wrote a series of lectures on War, published in 1846 under the title of Elements of Military Art and Science. In the Mexican war he served on the Lower Californian coast, and was breveted captain in 1847. From the latter year till 1849, H. was secretary of the State of California under the military govt. of Gens. Kearney, Mason, and Riley. In 1849 he was member of the convention to form and draft the constitution of the State of California, was promoted to be -interj . Hey there! ho! - an exclamation inviting at- tention or encouragement; as, halloo , boys! Hallow, (hallo,) v. a. [A.S. halgian , gehalgian , to hallow, from halig , holy. See HOLY.] To make holy; to consecrate; to set apart for sacred or religious use; to reverence as holy. Halloween', n. In Scotland, a term designating the eve of Hallow mas, or All-Saints' day. Hall i well, JAMES ORCHARD, F.R.S., an English archæ- ologist, B. at Chelsea, 1820. At an early age he showed considerable taste for antiquarian researches, and made himself thoroughly acquainted with the ancient liter a- ture and antiquities of England. These studies led him to Shakspearean criticism, on which he has written ex- tensively. His most important works were: A Life of Shakespeare; A Descriptive Calendar of the Records of Str at ford-on-Avon; A Dictionary of Archaic and Provin- cial English ; Popular Rhymes and Nursery Tales , published in 1849, and an edition of Shakespeare in 16 volumes folio, brought out by public subscription, and completed in 1865. Died Jan. 3, 1889. Hallo well, in Maine , a thriving city of Kennebec co., on the Kennebec river, and the M. C. R. R., 2 m. S. of August a. Pop . (1897) about 3,400. Hallow mas, n. [A. S. halig , holy, and mæ e , feast. See Ma .) The sacred feast of All-Souls, All-Saints, or All-Hallows. Halloy's ite, n. (Min.) A hydrated silicate of alu- mina. It occurs in earthy ma es of various colors. In water some varieties become translucent and absorb one- fifth their weight of water. Sp . gr. 1-8-24. Comp. Silica 43-3, alumina 37-7, water 190. It is generally derived from the decomposition of minerals containing alumina, as feldspar. Halls borough, in Virginia , a post-village of Ches- terfield co., abt. 17 m. S.W. of Richmond. all's Corners, in Indiana , a post-office of Allen co. Hall's Corners, in New York , a P. O. of Ontario co. Hall's Islands, a small group in British N. America, at the W. entrance of Frobisher Strait; Lat. 63° N., Lon. 65° W. Hall's Landing, in Illinois , a village of Putnam co., on the Illinois River, below Hennepin. Hall's Mills, in Illinois , a village of Jackson co. Hall's Mills, in New York , a village of Albany co., abt. 31 m. S.W. of Albany. Halls'port, in New York , a P. O. of Alleghany co. Hall's Store, in Delaware , a P. O. of Su ex co. Hall's Stream, in New Hampshire, enters the Con- necticut River a few m. above Cole brook. Hall's Valley, in Ohio , a post-office of Morgan co. Halls'ville, in Illinois , a post-office of De Witt co. Halls'ville, in N. Carolina , a post-village of Duplin co., abt. 97 m. S.E. of Raleigh. Halley, EDMUND, an English astronomer and mat he- matician, B. at Hagg erst on, near London, 1656. He re- ceived his education at St. Paul's School, and Queen's Coll., Oxford, where he attained so great a proficiency in mathematical studies, that in 1676 he published observations on a spot in the sun, by which the motion of that body on its axis were determined. The same year he went to St. Helena, where he determined the positions of 350 stars. On his return to England he was created master of arts, and chosen a fellow of the Royal Society. In 1680 he made the tour of Europe with Mr. Nelson; and on the pa age to Calais was the first to m. N.E. of Chilli cot he. alls'ville, in Mi ouri , a post-village of Boone co., abt. 40 m. N. of Jefferson City. alls'ville, in New York , a post-village of Montgom- ery co., abt 60 m. W.N.W. of Albany. Halls'ville, in Ohio , a post-village of Ro co., abt. 12 Hallier, n. [From hale, to pull.] A kind of net for ensnaring birds. Hallite, n. ( Min .) Same as ALUMINITE, q. v. Hall'-mark, n . In England, the official mark of the Goldsmiths' Company, ., affixed to gold and silver plate, as the stamp of its purity. Halloca, in Georgia , a district of Chattahoochee co. Hallock, in Illinois , a post-township of Peoria co., about 10 m. S.W. of Lacon. Hall'ton, in Pennsylania , post-village of Elk co. Hall'town, in West Virginia , a post-village of Jeffer- Hallucina'tion, n. [Fr., from Lat. hallucinatio , or alucinatio, from alucinor , from Gr. aluō , alusõ, in Attic Gr. haluō , to wander in mind, from al - ē , a wandering or roaming, a wandering in mind.] A wandering of mind; error; delusion; mistake; folly; as, a mere hallucina- tion of the vulgar. - A diseased state of mind, in which a person has a settled belief in the reality of things which have no existence. (Physiol. and Med .) It was a favorite maxim of Kant's, "that the senses do not deceive us at all, - it is only the judgment that deceives us." This is indeed true of illu- sions, where what is represented to consciousne are objects really existing, but different from what they really are; but it is not true as regards H. strictly so called, where the senses convey to consciousne what does not really exist, representing as an object what is only a subjective proce . As regards illusions, they are often owing to inexperienced judgment, or may also proceed from a defective state of the organ itself, and may be corrected by observation. They sometimes affect only one, sometimes several, and even all of the senses. H. of the sight are perhaps the most frequent, and are commonly visions of sparks, flames, luminous spectres, terrific phantoms, . H. of hearing are also very common, -humming or ringing in the ear, the sound of voices, . H. of smell are much more rare; but hysterical persons often smell objects which are not present such as sulphur, musk, violets, . H. of taste wholly resemble those of smell; and H. of touch are also rare. In illusions we have chiefly to consider the external occasion and the mental condition of the individual; in H. , the organic and physical condition. The illusion is often in the object, and is frequently pro- duced by emotions, heated fancy, pa ion, . The H. has always a subjective ground; either the receptive organ suffers, or the leading nerve, or the reacting cere- bral centre, chiefly from pre ure of blood, cramp, . The course and termination of these states of mind, which are only symptomatic, i ue, after longer or shorter duration, either in health, from undeceiving the patient, or, if this does not happen, in a fixed idea - in insanity. The H. of sight and hearing, on account of the physical dignity of their organs, are especially of a fatal import. Hallucinatory, n. Tending to produce hallucina- tion; laboring under hallucination; as, hallucinatory ideas. Hallux, 1. [Lat. allez.] (Anat.) The great toe. Halm, n. Same as HAULM (q.v.). Halm's tadt, a town of Sweden, capital of a district of same name, on the Cattegat, at the mouth of the Ni a, 96 m. W.N.W. of Carlscrona. Manuf . Woollen goods and various other fabrics. The district of which H. is the capital has an area of 1,950 sq. m., and a population of 117,600. Pop . of town (1897) about 10,900. -v. a. or n. To surround with a halo. Halogen, n. [Gr. hals , salt, gennein, to generate.] (Chem.) A salt-producer. The H. include a group of non-metallic elements that combine with the metals. and produce compounds resembling or analogous to common salt. Chlorine, iodine, bromine, and fluorine are simple halogens, and cyanogen is a compound H. They have a great affinity for the metals, and combine directly with them at ordinary temperatures. United with hydrogen they form acids; also all of them except. fluorine combine with oxygen and form acids. Halogenous, a. (Chem.) Partaking of the quality of a halogen. Ha'loid Ether, n. (Chem.) A compound formed by the union of halogen with hydrocarbon. Ha'loid Salt, n. (Chem.) A salt formed by the union of one of the halogens with a metal. Common salt is. an example: it being formed by the union of chlorine with sodium, NaCl. Haloraga'ceæ, n . pl . [From Halo ragis , the typical genus.] ( Bot . ) The Mare's-tail, or Water-chestnut family, a small order of plants, alliance Myrtales , closely allied to the On a graceæ, q. v. There are 70 species in 8 genera. They are herbaceous or half-shrubby; pretty much scattered over the world, but almost all aquatic, or growing in wet places. The stems and leaves often have large air-cavities. The flowers are generally small, and the plants insignificant in appearance. Halo'trichite, n. [From Gr., for hair-salt.] ( Min .) An iron alum, or sulphate of alumina and iron. It is. found in silky fibres of a whitish color and inky taste. Comp. Sulph. acid 35-9, alumina 11.5, oxide of iron 8-1, water 44.5. Halser ( haws'r ), n. Old spelling of HAWSER (q. v.). Hal's ey, in Oregon , a post-village of Linn co. Hal's ey Valley, in New York , a P. O. of Tioga co. Hal's tead, a town of E ex co., England, near the Colne, 43 m. N.E. of London, 23 m. S.W. of Ipswich. Manuf. Baize, figured and plain silk-velvets, silk-wind- ing and straw-plaiting. Pop . 6,280. Halt, v. n. [A. S. healtian, to be lame, from heald an , to hold; Icel. haltra .] To hold up; to stop in walking or proceeding; to stop during a march. -To hesitate; to stand in doubt whether to proceed, or what to do; to fail; to falter. "How long halt ye between two opinions?" -1 Kings xviii. 28. -To have an irregular rhythm; as, "a halting sonnet." Shaks. -v. a. (Mil.) To stop; to cause to cease marching; as, the troops halted in a valley.