bone

(bin) [1,. os; Gr. ὀστέον]. 1. The material of the skeleton of most vertebrate animals. It consists of connective ti ue, the substratum of which is o ein, and which yields gelatin on boiling, impregnated with lime salts, chiefly calcium hosphate. 2. Any distinct piece of the o eous ramework or skeleton of the ly. Bones’ are com of an outer layer of compact ti ue. and of spongy or reticular ti ue forming the in- terior portions. The compact ti ue is traversed by channels (havers i an canals) from which ardiate numerous canaliculi, which are surrounded by concentric lamellz of bone, separated by spaces, lacuna, containing the bone-cells or corpuscles. These lacunz communicate with the havers i an canals through the canaliculi. The inner, spongy ti ue of bone contains large marrow-cavities. " Bones are covered exteriorly by a protective mem- brane, the periosteum. ankle-b., the astraga- lus. basihyal b., the body of the hyoid bone. basilar b., bas i occipital b., the basilar proce of the occipital bone. Bertin’s b’s, the sphenoturbinal bones. breast-b., the sternum. cannon b., a bone in the limb of hoofed animals, extending from the fetlock to the knee or hock joint. capitate b., the os magnum. carpal b’s, the bones of the wrist, A round ma or Ὅ. al’ba, including the scaphoid, semilunar, pisiform, pyramidal, trapezium, trapezoid, os magnum, and unciform bones. cartilage-b., any bone which is developed from cartilage. ca b., rs o. Lo pf ove ῳ τ Φ eo. 0 Ἐ (@ 6) δι Ρ ῳ Φ e 9 "OC 908 O% v ie) & e o QD a OOD LEISHMAN-DONOVAN BODIEs. (Copied from the original plate of Major Donovan with the kind permi ion of the proprietors of the Lancet, London). ~ BONE an occasional bony formation in the adductor magnus femoris or its tendon; riders’ bone. chevron b., the V-shaped hemal arches of the third, fourth, and fifth coccygeal vertebrz of a dog. coffin-b., the third or distal phalanx of the foot of a horse. collar-b., the clavicle. coronary b., the small pastern bone of the horse. cranial b’s, the bones of the skull which inclose the brain, as distinguished from those of the face. cribriformb. Same ascthmoid 6. cuboid b., a bone on the outer side of the foot, in front of the calcaneum and beside the scaphoid. cuneiform b. of the foot, any one of the three bones in front of the scaphoid bone. cuneiform b. of the wrist. See pyramidal b. dermal b., a bone developed by o ification of the skin. ectethmoid b’s, the lateral ma es of the ethmoid bone. endochondral b., a bone which is developed within a cartilage. epipteric b., a small wormian bone sometimes seen between the great wing of the sphenoid and the interparietal bone. ethmoid b., the sieve-like bone which forms a roof for the nasal fo x and part of the floor of the anterior fo a of the skull. exoccipital b., the cotyloid proce of the occipital bone. frontal b., the bone forming the forepart of the cranium. hamate b., the unciform bone. hyoid b., a horseshoe-shaped bone situated at the base of the tongue, just above the thyroid cartilage. It consists of a body, from each side of which two proce es (greater and le er cormua) project backward. incarial b., the interparietal bone. incisive b. Same as in i erm axillary b. innominate b., a bone which, with its fellow on the opposite side, forms the greater part of the pelvis: the hip-bone. It consists of the ilium, the ischium, and the os pubis. +, one of several bones in the middle front part of the upper jaw, separate in fetal life, but fused in the adult. Called also inc i size 6. interparie b., a bone, sometimes distinct, which occurs between the parietal, frontal, and superior occipital bones. b., a thin, scale-like bone at the anterior and upper part of the orbit, articulating with the frontal. the ethmoid, and the superior maxillary bones. li al b. Same as hyoid b. lunate Ὅ. Same as semilunar 6. malar b., the cheek bone, a quadrangular bone on each side of the face, uniting the frontal and superior maxillary bones with the zygomatic proce of the temary b. See maxilla. membones which are developed within membrane. mp eren Pear b., large, the trapezium. mult b., small, the trapezoid bone. nasal b’s, the two small bones forming the arch of the nose. navicular Same as scaphoid b. occipital b., the bone that forms the last part of the cranium between the parietal and temporal bones. orbicular b. See os orbiculare. palate b., the irregular bone forming the posterior portion of the hard palate and the lateral wall of the nose, between the internal pterygoid plate of the sphenoid and the superior maxilla. parietal b’s, the two quadrilateral bones forming the lateral surfaces of the cranium. pastern b., cither of two bones of the horse’s foot: large pastern bone, the first phalanx of a horse's foot; small pastern bone, the second phalanx of a horse's foot. pedal b., the coffin bone of a horse. periosteal b., bone which is developed directly from and beneath the periosteum. petrosal b., the petrous portion of the temporal bone before birth. pisiform b., the small pea-shaped bone lying on the ulnar side of the pyramidal bone of the wrist. pterygoid b., the internal pterygoid plate of the sphenoid bone. pyrami b., a wedge shaped bone at the outer side of the carpus, articulating with the semilunar, pisiform, and unciform bones. riders’ b., an_ o ification sometimes seen in the tendon of the adductor muscle of the thigh in those who ride on horse- 11 161 BORACIL back. Riolan’s b’s, small bones resembling wormian bones, sometimes found in the suture between the occipital bone and the petrous portion of the temporal bone. scaphoid b. 1. The outer bone of the first row of carpal bones. 2. The bone on the inside of the tarsus, in front of the astragalus and behind the cuneiform bones. semi- lunar b., a bone of the first row of the carpus, lying between the scaphoid and pyramidal bones. sesamoid b., a small, flat bone developed in a tendon which moves over a bony surface. sphe- noid b., the irregular, wedge-shaped bone at the base of the skull. splenial b’s, splint b’s, the derma! or membrane bones of the embryonic head, lying close against the cartilage of the primordial skull. squamo-occipital b., the largest of the four portions of the occipital bone of the fetus. Called also exoccipital and bas i-occipital. sutural b’s. Same as wormian δ᾽ς. temporal b., the irregular bone at the side and base of the skull, con- taining the organs of hearing. trapezoid b., the second carpal bone on the thumb side of the distal row. triquetral b. Same as cunciform