Aphasia

the lo of power of speech, arising yom a lack of ideas, nor from any defect in muscles of the larynx, tongue, etc., but from interference with the functions of the so. speech centre in the brain. This centre situated in the lower and hinder portion of frontal lobe of the brain on the left side; it known as Broca’s centre, being named after the who first insisted upon the relation of part of the brain to speech. It is a well fact that the left side of the brain is with movements of the right side of the and consequently interference with the centre is commonly accompanied by of the right arm and leg. The most cause of aphasia is some interference with circulation of blood through the middle artery which supplies Broca’s centre; by rupture of the ve el, or by its becoming by disease. Thus aphasia is a common in apoplexy (q.v.), being then a ociated 172 with partially ment cases damaged, portion taking Aphelion, which the perihelion, Aphides, OPTERA in such to the are kept secrete captive BOLIO, phos is. the type asexual NO GENESIS; sexle autumn duced following The type Aphis-lions, NEURUPTERA. Aphonia, Aphorism, maxim Hamiliar away Aphrocallistes, genera the skeleton SPICULES; ally of order Apnaelion. ( 166 right hemiplegia (q.v.). Aphasia may be recovered from, either by the re-establish of the functions of Broca’s centre, or, in other where that part of the brain is irreparably it is supposec that the corresponding of brain on the right side is capable of on the functions of a centre for speech. the point in the orbit of a planet is farthest away from the sun; opposed to the point nearest the sun. the plant lice, a family of Hymen- (q.v.). They are minute in size, but occur enormous numbers as to do serious injury plants on which they live; their numbers in check mainly by the lady-birds. They a milky juice, to obtain which they are kept and milked by ants. They are HEMIMETAi.e. they undergo only a partial metamor- ‘They are of interest biologically as one of APHIDES (Siphonophora Millefolii). 1 Winged male. 2. Winged viviparous female. 8. Wingle viviparous female. cases of that alternation of sexual and methods of reproduction known as PAR THE during the summer the Aphides are and they reproduce asexually, but in the a generation of males and females is pro-; these copulate and lay eggs, which in the spring are hatched into the asexual forms, genus is APHIS. the Hemerobiide, a family of lo of voice. a short pithy saying in which a or principle is expre ed very tersely. examples are, “A soft answer turneth wrath,” “ More haste, le speed.” one of the few surviving of HEXACTINELLID A, i.¢. sponges of which is composed of six rayed siliceous it isa deep sea dweller. It is a close the “ Venus s flower-basket” (q.v.). hrodita, the sen-mvuse, an ANNELID of the BRRANTIA, common round the English coast; it bristles, the fabled obtained been the conception later patches lips, due Aphthez (THRUSH.] only by ing from of is the basals usually circle, in inner the gourmends days Tiberius, Glabrius) about only face bearing work the genus (q.v.), which examples. century, taught plead Jews Joseph us known whose not as ) Apis. is covered by a dense felt of interlacing sete or which renders it iridescent. Aphrodite (from the Greek aphros, foam), godde of love among the Greeks; she was to have sprung from the sea-foam, and thus her name. She is supposed to have identified with the Phoenician Astarte and Roman Venus, although the original Greek of Aphrodite was much purer than the Venus of Rome, Aphthe, a name applied to the smali white which are sometimes seen on the tongue, and cheeks, and which are now known to be to the growth of a fungus, the Oidium albicans. are not uncommon in suckling children. In adults they are rarely seen, and in conditions of extreme exhaustion produced such diseases as typhoid fever or consumption. Apiary. [BEE-HIvE.] Apical Cell, a large cell at the apex, or grow point, of the axis (q.v.) in cryptogamic plants, the repeated subdivision of the basal portion which the axis grows. In flowering plants it replaced by a group of small thin-walled cells. Apical System, the system of plates found in Reuiiones: regarded as homologous with the and racials of the CRINOIDEA. They are ten in number, and arranged in a double in the centre of which the anus opens (as the common Sea Urchin). The plates of the circle are known as the costals or basals, and outer the radials. Apicius. By a curious coincidence three Roman claim this name. The first lived in the of Sylla, the second under August us and the third under Trajan. The second (M. is the most celebrated. Having spent a million on good living, and finding he had £80,000 left, he committed suicide rather than moderate fare. The treatise De Re Culinaria, the name of Ccelius Apicius, may be the of the last of the three.