ALBUMINOID

adj. and n. A?l-bu?/mi?n-oid. Fr., album i no ide, gélatinigène. Ger., eiwei ähnlich, Albumins toff, Eiwei körper, It., album i no ide.” Sp., album ind ide. 1. (Adj.) resembling albumin; of or pertaining to a substance resembling albumin. For special uses of the term see A. DISEASE and A, DEGENERATION. 2. (N.) one of a cla of nitrogenous proximate principles of which ordinary albumin is a type. The a’s in part occur native, forming the e ential constituents of all the animal ti ues and fiuids, except the bile, tears, sweat, and urine, and occurring also in vegetables; in part are derived from these native a’s by the action of chemical or vital proce es, All are amorphous with the exception of the crystalline albumin of plants; all when in solution rotate the fase of polarization to the left: all except the peptones are non-diffusible; and all under suitable conditions undergo putrefactive decomposition with the evolution of hydrogen, hydrogen sulphide, ammonia, carbon dioxide, leucine, tyrosine, and various other compounds consisting chiefly of the fatty acids and their derivatives, Heated with nitric acid, they me of a yellow color, which is changed to a deep orange by the addition of ammonia Ce reaction); they are reddened by Millon’s reagent, and color Fehling’s solution violet; they are di olved by strong acetic. phosphoric, and hydrochloric acids; and are precipitated by tannic acid, chloriue, and salts of the heavy metals. ir percentage composition is C, 50°6 to 54:3, H, 677 to 73, N, 12°8 to 18°4, S, 0°4 to 1°7, O, 20°6 to 258, with a variable amount of ash. Their molecular constitution is very complex and still undetermined, although they are believed to be comyunds of amides of acids of the fatty series with urea (Schiitzenrger). The a’s comprise: 1. Albumin, 2 Acid albumins. 3. Alkali albumins (albuminates). 4. Globulins. 5. Fibrin. 6, Coagulated albumins. 7. Aiea substance. 8. Albumose. 9. Peptones. [B, 2, 4, 12, 13, 92, 108.] According to the usage of many authors the term proteids is applied to this cla of bodies, the word a. being ones to substances, such as mucin, chondrin, gelatin, collagen, elastin, keratin, and nuclein, which are allied to the proteids, but differ in composition and some important properties. [B, 14, 12, 13, 108.] On the other hand, those who use the term a. in the sense here adopted call bodies of the latter cla proteids.