City Ramble, The

A play adapted from Beau Peru to those who oppose the union of military and civil power in the chief magistrate and generally object to the election of army officers to the pre presidency. Since 1860 the Civilist as have be come a well-defined political party. They call their oppo nents Militarist as or Militares. Civil War, The. The war between Charles I. of England and the party of Parliament. Civil War, American, or The War of Sece ion. A civil war in the United States, 1861-65. Its chief causes were the antislavery agitation and the development of the doctrine of State sovereignty. The former had been gaining force since the Mi ouri Compromise, and especially since the Wilmot proviso, the Mexican war, the Omnibus Bill, and the Kansas-Nebraska trouble (see these titles). The latter found expre ion in the Kentucky resolutions, nullification, and especially in the teachings of Calhoun. The immediate occasion of the war was the election of Lincoln in 1860, which was followed by the sece ion of 11 States (see Confederate States ). Leading events-In 1861: Fort Sumter fired on (April 12); surrender of Fort Sumter (April 13); President Lincoln's call for volunteers (April 15); battles of Bull Run (July 21) and Wilson's Creek (Aug. 10); seizure of Mason and Sli dell suthe Trent affair" (Nov. 8). - In 1862: Battle of Spring (Jan. 19); capture of Fort Henry (Feb. 6); battle and capture of Fort Do nelson (Feb. 13-16); battle of the Monitor and Merrimac (March 9); capture of New bern (March 14); battle of Shiloh (April 6, 7), siege of York town (April-May): pa age of the New Orleans forts (April 24); battles of Williams burg (May 5) and Fair Oaks (May 31, June 1); Seven Days' Battles - Mechanicsville, Gaines's Mill, Frayser's Farm, Malvern (June 25-July (1) battles of Cedar Mountain (Aug. 9), (2d) Bull Run (Aug. 30), Chantilly (Sept. 1), South Mountain (Sept. 14), Antietam (Sept. 17), Iuka (Sept. 19), Corinth (Oct. 4), Fred ericks-burg (Dec. 13), and Murfreesboro (Dec. 31-Jan. 2, 1863).In 1863: Emancipation Proclamation (Jan. 1); battle of Chancellorsville (May 1-4); Vicksburg campaign-battles of Grand Gulf (April 29, May 3), Raymond (May 12), Jackson (May 14), and Champion's Hill (May 16), and the fall of Vicksburg (July 4); battles of Gettysburg (July 1-3) Chick am aug a (Sept. 19, 20), and Chattanooga (Nov. 23-25) -In 1864: Battles of the Wilderne and Spottsylvania (May 5-7, etc.); battles of Sherman's advance in northern Georgia (May and June); battle of Cold Harbor (June 1-3)defeat of the Alabama by the Kearsarge (June 19); battles of Atlanta (July 20, 22); naval victory at Mobile (Aug. 5) Civil War, American battles of Winchester (Sept. 19) and Cedar Creek (Oct. 19); reelection of Lincoln (Nov. 8); march through Georgia to the sea (Nov.-Dec.); battle of Nashville (Dec. 15, 16). In 1865: Surrender of Fort Fisher (Jan. 15); battles of Averysboro (March 16), Bentonville (March 19-21), and Five Forks (April 1); surrender of Richmond (April 3); surrender of Lee's army at Appomattox (April 9); surrender of Johnston's army (April 26); and the surrender of Kirby Smith (May 26). The theater of the war was mainly in the Southern and border States. The Federal army numbered about 1,000,000 at the close of the war, and the number of Confederates enrolled during the war was probably about the same. The Federal lo es amounted to about 360,000; those of the Confederates to about 300,000. Civil Wars in France. A play by Dekker and Drayton (1598). Civis (siv'is). [L., 'a citizen.'] The pseudonym of Sir Henry Ru ell in the London "Times" (1842-49). Cività Castellan a (che-ve-tä käs-tel-läʼnä). A town in the province of Rome, Italy, 27 miles north of Rome, on the site of the Etruscan city Falerii. - Cività di Penne. See Penne . Civitave cchia, or Cività Vecchia (che-ve-tä' vek'ke-ä). [It., ' 'old town.'] A seaport in the province of Rome, Italy, on the Mediterranean in lat. 42° 9′ N., long. 11° 48′ E.: the ancient Centum Cellæ, or Portus Trajani. Its port was constructed by Trajan. It was destroyed by the Saracens in the 9th century. Population, 9,000. ☑ Civitella del Tronto (che-ve-tel'lä deltron'tō). A small town in the province of Teramo, Italy, 8 miles northwest of Teramo. It was the last place to surrender to the Italians in 1861.