Engineer

(en-jin-eer.) [Fr. ingénieur.] Strictly speaking, one who guides or manages an engine. The term is, however, extended to any one whose pursuits relate to manufacturing or constructive operations, in which engines of any kind are used;- their busine being called Engineering. E. are generally of 3 kinds-military, civil, and manufacturing; the first devises and directs the construction of fortified works, offensive or defensive; the second is engaged in framing the plans and superintending the formation of public works such as railroads, canals, bridges, docks, aqueducts, and the like; while the third is exclusively employed in the fabrication of machinery to be worked by steam-or water-power;- the last-named is usually termed, in the U. States, a machinist, in distinction from one who has the working direction of an engine; whereas, in England, the latter takes the name of engine-driver. [s. 331]