LITHIUM

(Lat.), n. n. Li2th'i2-u3m(u4m). From Aiflos, a stone. Fr., L, lithine. Ger., L. It., litio. A metallic element discovered in 1817, and first isolated in 1855. It is obtained in small quantities from various minerals and plants, and has also been found in animal ti ues. It is a silvery-white substance, rather softer than lead, ductile and malleable, melting at 180 C., inflammable at a somewhat higher temperature, and burning with a white light. It decomposes water without combustion. It is the lightest of all solid substances, having the sp. gr. of 0'589 to 0'598. In compounds it acts as a univalent radicle. It belongs to the cla of alkaline metals in common with sodium, pota ium, and ammonium, and forms a series of compounds resembling the compounds of these radicles in chemical structure and physical qualities. Symbol, Li; combining weight, 7'01. [B, 3.] Broml'. (Ger.), Bromure de 1. (Fr. Cod.). See L. bromide. Carhonas lithii [Belg. Ph.]. See L. carbonate. Chlorl' (Ger.), Chlorure de 1. (Fr.). See L. chloride. Citrons aures L. (Ger.). See L. citrate. Effervescing carbonate of 1. Lat., I. carbon i cum effervescens (2d def.). 1. A preparation made up of 4 parts of citric acid, 5 of sodium bicarbonate, and 1 part of 1. carbonate intimately mixed and heated to 100 C. till the mixture forms a granular powder. 2. A preparation made by powdering and mixing together 10 parts of 1. carbonate, 20 of tartaric acid, 30 of sodium bicarbonate, and 40 of white sugar, moistening with 40 parts of alcohol, squeezing through a tinned metal sieve or enameled strainer, and drying. fB, 5; B, 270 (a, 38).] 3. See Liquor LITHI/E effervescens. E igsaures L. (Ger.). See L. acetate. Harns aures L. (Ger.). See L. urate.JoAl' (Ger.). See L. iodide. Kohl ens aures L. (Ger.). too; U2, blue; U3, lull; U 4, full; U6, urn; U, like u (German). [s. 653]