dutch

t. [Etym. doubtful.] To clarify and guiller harden by immersing in heated sand, as goose Dutch, a. & s. [Ger. deutsch ; M. H. Ger. diutisk , lit. belonging to the people; cogn. with Gothio thiuda ; A. S. theód =a people, and -isk = Eng. -ish.] [TEUTON.] A. As adjective : *1. Originally, and till late in the seventeenth cent ury, German. "Germany is slandered to have sent none to this war [the Crusades] at this first voyage; and that other pil. grims, pa ing through that country, were mocked by the War , bk. i., ch. xiii. 2. To sprinkle or cover with dust. "Every female flower which I examined had been effectually fertilized by the bees, accidentally dusted with pollen, having flown from tree to tree in search of nectar."-Darwin: Origin of Species (1859), ch. iv., p. 93. 3. To sprinkle as with dust. 4. To rub smooth, or polish with dust or sand. *B. In trans.: To fall as dust. "O the smele duste, yif hit dusteth swuthe heo vlasketh water theron, and swopeth hit ut awei." -Ancren Riwle, p. 314. dust (2), *dest, v. t. & i. [Icel. dust a =to strike, to beat; dust =a blow.] IMG:content-0664.png:[blocks in formation] "If (which is a rare chance) she be good, to dust her [a wife] often hath in it a singular, unknowne, and as it were an inscrutable vertue to make her much better, and to reduce her, if po ible, to perfection."-Pa enger of Benvenuto (1612). IMG:content-0665.png:[blocks in formation] 1. One who dusts or removes dust from articles. 2. A light piece of cloth used by servants in dust ing furniture, . 3. A light overcoat worn to protect the clothes from dust, a dust-coat. II. Technically : 1. Paper : A machine for removing the dust from rags or other paper-making material before sorting, cutting, and pulping. It consists of a revolving, wire-cloth cylinder inclosed in a box which receives the dust. 2. Milling : A machine for rubbing, brushing, and blowing bran to remove particles of flour adhering end, and is driven and blown through the meshes of the conical screen. (2) To raise, or make, or kick up, a dust: To make thereto. The bran is fed in at a spout at the smaller IMG:content-0666.png:[blocks in formation] IMG:content-0667.png:[blocks in formation] *1. (Orig.): The Germanic race generally. 2. ( Now ): The inhabitants of Holland. 3. The language spoken in Holland. Dutch agrimony, s . Bot .: Eupatorium cannabinum. ( Britten & Hol land .) Dutch auction, s. An auction in which the auctioneer starts with a high price, which he gradually lowers till he meets with a bidder. Dutch beech, s . Bot.: Populus alba. [BEECH.] Dutch case, s . Mining: A shaft-frame composed of four pieces of plank, used in shafts and galleries; a mining-case. Dutch cheese, s. 1. Ord. Lang.: A species of cheese manufactured in Holland. 2. Bot.: The fruit of Malva rotund i folia. Dutch Church, s. Ecclesiol. & Church Hist .: The Church to which the majority of the people of Holland adhere. In the sixteenth century the ancestors of the present Dutch wavered for a time between the Luther an and the Reformed churches. In 1571 they publicly profe ed their allegiance to the latter by embody. ing its doctrines in the Belgic Confe ion of Faith, published in that year. As long as they were under the sway of the Spaniards they, however, abstained from the use of the word Reformed, which had been introduced by the French, and styled themselves "A ociates of the Augsburg Confe ion," the Span iards considering Luther ans more easy to govern than Calvinists. One of the most notable events in the history of the Dutch Church, after the yoke of Spain was broken, was the Synod of Dort, in 1618. James Arm in i us, Profe or of Theology at Leyden, having rejected the Calvin is tic tenets and adopted those which were destined to be called after him. self, Arm in i an, a synod was convened at Dort to examine and, if need be, condemn his views. This was done, but with little effect, the views of Arm in i us prevailing to a greater extent after than they had done before their condemnation. The present Dutch Church remains nominally Reformed, but a good deal of rationalism exists within its pale. Its government is Presbyterian. sin, aş; expect, Xenophon, exist. ph = f. IMG:content-0668.png:[ocr errors][merged small][merged small] Holland. Dutch clover, s . Bot.: Trifolium repens , also called White Clover. It springs up frequently on lands recently cleared. It is a valuable pasture plant. The root is creeping; leaves broad, obovate, with a horse-shoe mark in the middle: flowers white or pinkish, forming a globular head. [CLOVER.] Dutch concert, s. A so-called concert in which every man sings his own song at the same time that his neighbor is also singing his, a practice not nece arily so national as convivial. There is another form of Dutch concert, in which each person present sings in turn one verse of any song he pleases, some well-known chorus being used as a burden after each verse. When every person has sung his song, all sing their respective songs simultaneously as a grand finale . ( Stainer & Barrett .) usually applied the bravado inspired by partial Dutch courage, False or fictitious courage, intoxication. The phrase probably originated in the seventeenth century, when England's wars with the Dutch, and especially the naval reverses England suffered at hands in the reign of Charles II., rendered in England the very name of the Dutch a synonym for all that was bad. "The Dutch their wine and all their brandy lose, Disarmed of that from which their courage grows." Waller: Instructions to a Painter , 43, 44. Dutch defense, s . A sham defense. "Mr. Jones maintained a kind of Dutch defense." Fielding: Tom Jones, bk. ix., ch. v. Dutch foil, 8. A copper alloy, rolled or ham mered. Called also Dutch leaf. [DUTCH METAL, DUTCH MINERAL.] Dutch gleek, s. A jocular expre ion for drinking, alluding to the game of gleek; as if tippling were the favorite game of Dutchmen. "Nor could be partaker of any of the good cheer, except it were the liquid part of it, which they call Dutch gleek." Gayton: Fest. Notes, p. 96. Dutch gold, s. The alloy used at the manufacturing works, near Potsdam. It is composed of copper, 11; zinc, 2. This is rolled into sheets, and is made into the Dutch leaf used in bronzing. IMG:content-0669.png:[blocks in formation]