BERGEN

a seaport on the w. coast of Norway, capital of a province or diocese of the same formerly the prindpal town of the kingdom, but the second. It is 186 miles K.w. of Christiania, about 25 from the open sea, situated on the of a peninsula and on a bay of the Byfiord, Htretches into the country, and forms a safe harbour, Hurrounded bv high and steep rocks. The entrance, however, is dangerous. Rocky hills from 2000 feet high encircle the town on tho land limits the sea side it is defended by an old fortre , dtadels, 1815, batteries, . The climate is comparatively mild, on account of the sheltered situation of the town; and is remarkable for frequent rains. The town is well the built, yet several streets are crooked and uneven, on for the account of the rocks. It contains 30,252 inhalntants, a museum, one Grerman and four Danish a castle churches, a cathedral and a cla ical adiool, a seminis overary, founded by Bishop Pont oppidan, for twdve is students, who are ins tracted gratis in the higher are embranches of literature; a naval academy, an hospital confor such as are infected with the scurvy, whid i is oil, common among the fishermen, arising fhnn their held. food, piindpally smoked or salt meat and fish; besides other useful institutions. The inhabitants of the in the middle coast of Norway bring their boards, masts, Grimlaths, firewood, tar, train-oil, hides, ., and partica* larly dried fish (stock-fish), to Bergen, to exchange and them for com and other nece aries brought thither mag by the British, Dutch, and Germans. Bergm exsupports annually about 500,000 barrels of salted he rem rings, with 20,000 barrels of ood-oiL In the year the 1445 a factory and several warehouses were estabto have lished here by the Hanseatic dties of Grermany, and site of the Qtrvnan traders^ as they called themselves, enruined joyed for some time the protection of the Hanseatic To league. The German factory consisted of about amsixty warehouses. The roads leading into the in though terior of the country are frequoited only in the are full winter, when they are pa able in sleds. Bergen is the native place of the poet Holberg. Bergen is also the name of other places, amongst which may be mentioned the ci^ital of the Pru ian on island of Bttgen, in tiie Baltic, a small town of 3536 has a inhabitants; and another small place in the Pru ian CapdUiy province of He e-Na au, where a bloody battie was waUs, fought between the French and allies in the Seven Years' war, in which the former were victor i oos (April 13, 1769). the his- BERGEN -OP -ZOOM, a town, Holland, in a for marshy situation on the Scheldt, 20 miles N.V.W. of trades Antwerp. It is of great strength, both by nature goods and art, the mora es which surround it makis^ it almost inacce ible to an as Bailing force, while its fortifications consirt of r^^ular works, constructed by the celebrated Coehom. It is well built, but has no the edifices deserving of particular notice. It made an King important figure during the Spanish war, and suc* and oe f ully resisted the attacks of the Duke of Panna library, in 1581 and 1588, and of Spinola in 1622. It was of taken by the French in 1747 and 1794, and unsncce fully attempted by the British under Sir Thomas or Graham, afterwards Lord Lynedoch, in 1814. Its masked trade has suffered greatly from the proximity of of the Antwerp. Pop. 9139. dty.