ARUM

(Lat.), n. n. ’)ru3m(ru‘m). Gr., äpov. Fr., arum T. Gust Ger., Aron, Aaron. It., aro. A genus of araceous erbs (subfamily Aroidece, tribe Areæ, subtribe Arinæ [Engler]; tribe Arineæ, subtribe Euarinee [Bentham and Hooker}), established by Linnæus. It formerly included many species now referred to distinct genera. It now includes ennial acaulescent herbs, with hastate or sagittate leaves, convolute spathe, and free, appendiculate, club-shaped spadix, flowerle at the top, in the middle densely covered with the male flowers, which are naked and consist of se ile or subse ile anthers, and at its base bearing the female flowers, which are also naked, are devoid of staminodia, and consist of unilocular ovaries containing many orthotropal ovules. The fruit is baccate and many-seeded. [B, 19, 42.|—Arrow a. The Peltandra virginica. {B, 19.)—A. aby inienm [Richard]. A species probably referable to the Sauromatum aby in i cum (q. v.). iB, 216.f—A. acaule. See A. maculatum.—A. à cing feuille (Ft). See À, pentaphyllum.—A. wgyptiacum [Däd.], A. æsyptieum }Rumphiuc]{; The Colocasia anti quorum, [B, 211.]1—A. æthiopieum. The Richard i a african a., Q1.jJ—A. albispathnm [Hort.]. See A. italicum.—A. alpinum [Schott]. The “ maculatum, var. y (B, 216.]—A. americanum ari vulgar is facie. The Richard i a african a, |B, eat americanum betæ follis. The Dracontium fœtidum. [B, 211.]—A. arboresceus [Plumier]. Fr., gouet en arbre. Ger., Aronsbaum. See MON TRI CHARD I A arbores cens.—A. arisarum [Linnæus]. Fr.. gouet An East Indian name for the Agrostis en capuchon. See ARISARUM vulyare.-—A. A trois feuilles (Fr.). See A. triphyllum.—A. atrorubeus. 1. Of Aiton, the Arisema atr ns. 2. Of Sprengel the Pinellia tube rifer a. |B, 216.|—A. auritum [Vell.]. See SYNGONIUM auritum.—A. be erianum Schott]. je A. maculatum, var. B angustatum. [B, 216.|—A. icolor [Aiton]. See CALADIUM bicolor.—A. byzantinum [Schott]. The A. italicum, var. byzantinum. [B, 216.]—A. campanula tum [Roxburgh]. See A MORPHO PHALLUS campanulatus.— A. canariense [Webb and Berthe lot]. The A. italicum, var. canariense. [B, 216.|—A. caules cens |Plumier]. See DIEFFENBACHIA seguine.—A. colocasia [Linnæus]. The Colocasia anti quorum, var, a typic a, [B. 216.|—A. colocasioides [Desfontaines]. The Colocasia: anti quorum, var. y Font anes i i, [B, 216.|—A. concinnatum (et. The A. italicum, var. concinnatum. [B, 216.]— A. cord i folium [Bory]. A species more pen referred to the genus Alocasia (A. indica, var. y variegata); highly prized in the tilbert Islands as an article of food. [A, 327; B, 216.|—A. costatum [Wallich]. See ARISÆMA costatum.—A. erinitum [Aiton]. See HELICODICEROS muscivorus—A. euspidatum [Blume]. See TYPHONIUM cuspid a tum.—A. cyprium [Schott]. The A. Dioscoridis, var, a Smithii. [B, 216.. (Fr.). The Richard i a æthiopica. [B, 19.]—A. Dioscoridis [Sibthorp and Smith]. Gr., épov [Dioscorides]. Fr., gouet de Dioscoride, À species indigenous to Greece. The petiole is two or three times as long as the hastate or sagittate leaf, the anterior lobe of which is oblong-triangular and nearly twice the length of the posterior lobe; the tube of the spathe, pale within, is from a fifth to a third the length of the lanceolate-oblong, variously colored lamina; the female inflorescence is of two to tree times the Een of the male, the appendix of the spadix is elongated, club-shaped or cylindroid, and of a dark-violet color. The A. Dioscoridis, var. a Smithii, occurring in Cyprus, has a purle spathe covered with dark-purple, lenticular spots, and yellowish emale flowers purplish at their apex. The A. Dioscoridis, var. B spectubile, found in Rhodes, Cilicia, and Tripoli, has elongate-sagittate leaves with the anterior lobes of nearly three times the length of the posterior, the spathe with tube greenish within and yellowish green lamina covered with large spots, and the appendix of the Pha dix cylindrical and terminating in a autialispotllextremitys he A. Dioscoridis, var. y Syriacum, Geren In Syria, Tripoli, and the Grecian Archipelago, has the lamina of the spathe dark-purple below, greenish above, and covered with dark-purple spots, and the spot of the spadix is cylindroid. The A. Dioscoridis, form a ou tat a, occurring in Syria. resembles the last variety, but the lamina of the spathe is yellowish-green and the spots on its surface are larger. The root of A. Dioscoridis is edible when cooked. [B, 173, 180, 216.)—A. divaricatum [ant See TyPHONIUM divaricatum and TYPHONIUM cuspid a tum.—A. divers i folium [Blume]. See TypHoniuM divaricatum.—A. dracontin 1. Of Linnæus, the Arisæma dracontium. 2. Of Thunberg, the Arisema Thunbergii. 8, Of Loureiro, the Pinellia Wawra. 4, Of Velloz, the Staurostigma luschnathianum. [B, 216.|—A. dracunculus. 1. Of Linnæus and Sieber, the Dracunculus vulgar is. 2. Of Thunberg, the Arisema japonicum. [B, 216.|—A. esculentum [Linnæus|. Fr., chou caraibe. See CoLOCASIA untiquorum, var. e esculentum. —A, flag ell i for me [Lodd.]. See TYPHONIUM cuspid a tum.—A. fornicatum [Roth]. See PINELLIA tube rifer a.—A. gracile [Unverricht]. The A. maculatum, var. y alpinum. [B, 216.|—A. gra- EI See BIARUM tenwiflorum.—A. guttatum Wall.]. SAUROMATUM guttatum—A. hederacenm. 1. Of jacquin, the Philodendron Hoffmanni. 2. Of Willdenow, the Piilodendron hederaceum. [B, 216.]- + humile an gust i folium. See BIARUM tenwiflorum.—A. immaculatum [Schott]. The A. maculatum, form a immaculata. [B, 216.]—A. in eur vatu in [Lamarck]. See ARISARUM vulgare—A. indicum. 1. Of Loureiro, the Colocasia indica, 2. Of Roxburgh, a species more N referred to the Alocasia indica (q. v. in Supplement). [B, 216.]—À. indicum sativum [Rumphius]. See A. macrorrhizon. —A. intermedium (Schur.]. The A. maculatum, var. B angustatum. [B, 216.]—A. italieum [Miller]. Gr., épaxévrior pixpèr [Dioscorides]. Ger., it alien is cher Aron. A species growing EEE southern Europe, with hastate auriculate leaves; spathe with oblong-cylindrical tube, white within, and of a quarter to a third the length of the oblong-acuminate lamina, which is greenish externally, yellowish within; and cylindrical-cuneate spadix, shorter than the spathe, yellow-colored at its up] naked portion, and at its base bearing the cylindrical female inflorescence, which is of three to four times the length of the male inflorescence and consists of very pale ovoid ovaries. The A. italicum, var. B canariense, growing in the Canary Islands, the A. italicum, var. y concinnatum, growing in Cyprus and Asia Minor, and the A. italicum, var. 6 byzantinum, growing in Crete, differ from the ordinary form chiefly in the form and color of the leaves, Le and appendix of the spadix. The root of A. italicum—radix ari gallic i (seu major is, seu dracunculi)—has the same properties and is used for the same ur] as that of 4. maculatum. {B, 180, 216.|—A. Liepoldii fee hott]. The A. Dioscoridis, var. y syriacum. [B, 216.]—A. lyratum [Roxburgh]. A species more properly referred to the Amorhophatlus Pise (q. v. in the Supple ar Se macrorrhizon Linnæus]. ALOCASIA macrorrhiza (in pape maerourum. The Pinellia tube rifer a. [L,75.|—A. maculatum. Fr., aron, gouet, pied-de-veau, a. tacheté (ou maculé). Ger., gefleckter Aron, Aronstab, gemeine Aronswurz, A as blume, deutscher Ingwer. It, aro, gigaro. 1, Of Linnæus, European dragon-root, wake robin, cuckoo-pint, lords and ladies. A species growing wild in Europe distinguished by the following characters: The petioles, sheathed for one third their length, are twice as long as the hastate or sagittate-hastate leaves, the oblong anterior lobe of which is twice as long as the retrorse posterior lobe; the peduncle is usually shorter than the petiole; the tube of the spathe, whitish within and marked with a purple band, is one third the length of the oblong-lanceolate lamina, which is greenish within, purplish at the edge; the spadix is at most one half the length of the spathe, bearing at its base the female inflorescence, which is of three or four times the length of the male inflorescence and consists of ovoid, pale-greenish ovaries; the appendix of the spadix terminates in a violet club-shaped extremity, In the form A. maculatum, form a vulgar is immaculata, or common variety, the leaves are not spotted; in the A. macuiatum, form a vulgar is maculata, the leaves and lamina of the spathe are sprinkled with black or urple spots. The A. maculatum, var. 8 angustatum, found in Dalmatia Monte negro, and Greece, has a spathe with elongated oblong-lanceolate purplish lamina, and the A. maculatum, var. y alpinum, gro ing in Transylvania, is distinguished by its penance equal to the petiole in length, the ovate-lanceolate lamina of the spathe. and the slender cylindroid appendix of the spadix. The corm of A. maculatum—radix ari, radix ari communis (seu vulgar is), radix Aronis (seu whe Aronis, seu dracoutiæ minor is,’ seu serpentariæ minor is, seu lapho, seu alami)—is ovoid in shape, of about the size of a hazel-nut, yellowish-brown externally, white within, and contains a very volatile neutral acrid principle, a fixed oil, resin, starch (27°2 per cent.), gum, mucilage, sugar, ete, When freshly gathered, it is a powerful irritant, vesicant, and drastic, acting in over-doses as an acrid poison. It loses its acrimony, gradually on drying and immediately on heating. and then, from the quantity of starch which it contains, forms a useful article of diet, furnishing a variety of arrow-root (Portland arrow-root, Portland s«go) prepared iu the Isle of Portland, Medicinally, the recently dried root, which retains part of its acrimony, is used internally in doses of 10 grains as a stimulant in chronic affections of the respiratory tract. especially asthma, whooping-cough, rheumatism, and various cachectic states. 2. Of ‘All i on i and Mason. includes also the A. italicum. [B, 5, 180, 216.]—A. Malyi [Schott]. The A. maculatum, var. B angustatum. [B,216.]—A: margaritiferum [Roxburgh]. See PLESMONIUM margaritiferum.—A. marmoratum [Schott]. The A. italicum, var. concinnatum. (B, 216.]—A. maximum ægyptium [Bauhin]. See CoLocasIa anti quorum.—A. maximum macrorrhizon zeylanieum [Herm.]. Sesei. macrorrhizon.—A. montanum [Roxburgh]. See ALocasIa montana (in Supplement).—A. moschatum. Common pepper, [L, 119,]—A. mucronatum [Lamarck]. See À. macrorrhizon.—A. muscivorum [Linneus].. See HEL1co- DICEROS muscivorus.—A. Nickel i i [Schott]. The A. italicum, var. concinnatum. [B, 216.]A. numidieum [Schott]. See A. italicum.—A. nymphieifolinm [Roxburgh]. The Colocasia’ anti quorum, var. ¢ nymphæifolia. [B,216.]—A. odorum [Roxburgh]. See ALocasia odor a (in Supplement).—A. orixense. 1, Of Roxburgh, the Typhonium trilobatum. 2. Of R. Brown, the Typhonium "Brown it. [B,216.]—A. ovatum. Fr., a. à feuilles ovales. Ger., eirunder Aron. See LAGENANDRA toxic aria.—A. peltatum {Lamarck]. See CoLocAsIA anti quorum, var, a and var. e—A. pentaphyllum. Fr, a. à cinque feuilles. Ger., fünfblättriger Aron. 1. Of Linnœus, the Arisæma pentaphyllum. 2. Of Velloz, the Xanthosoma pentaphyllum. [B, 216,-A. peregrinum [Linnæus]. See A. macrorrhizon.—A. poecile [Schott]. A variety of the Caladium bicolor (q. v.). [B, 216.]—A. polyphyllum, caule scabro punicante [Herm.]. The Dracontiunt polyphyllum |Linnœus]. {B, 216,J—A. polyphyllum ceylanicum, ete. [Commeyln]. See A MORPHO PHALLUS campanulatus.—A. polyphyllum, dracuneulus. See SymeLocarevs—A. polyphyllum sur in a mense, ete. [Plukenet]. The Dracontium polyphyllum [Linnæus]. [B, 216.|—A. pontic [Schott]. The A. ztalicum, var. concinnatum., 216.J—A. milum [Lamarck]. A species probably identical with Typhonium trilobatum. [B, 216.°—A. punctatum [Desfontaines]. Bee A, cord i folium—A. pyrenæu|Dufour]. A species probably identical with A. maculatum. [B, 173, 216.)—A. regnium [Rodschied]. See DIEFFENBACHIA seguine.—A. ringens [Thunberg]. See ARISÆMA ringens.—A. Rumphii [Gaudichaud]. See A MORPHO PHALLUS canipanulatus.—A. sagittæfolium (seu sagittifollum). 1. Of Linnæus, Xanthosoma sage folinm. 2. ‘St Link, the Xanthosoma hast i folium. 3. Of Rodschied, the Urospatha sagittifolia, [B, 216.]—A. scorzoneræ folio. ’ See BrARUM er A seguiné [Jacquin], A. seguinum [Linnœus]. See DIEFFENBACHIA seguine.—A. serpent aria. Ar., Alluf. Fr., a. serpentoire. See A. dracunculus.—A. silvestre [Rumhius]. See A, indicum 2ddef.).—A. spectabile. 1. Of Regel, the A, Dioscoridis, var. a Smithii. 2. Of Schott, the A. Dioscoridis, var. 8 spectabile, [B, 216.|—A's tiirke (Ger.), Portland arrow-root. [B, 270.] See A. maculatum.— A. subulatum [Desfontaines]. See PINELLIA tube rifer a.—A. syriacum. 1. Of Blume, the À. THE ARUM MACULATUM [LINNEUS]. (AFTER DE LANES SAN.) = U, no; 0% not; O3, whole; Th, thin; Th?, the; U, like oo in too; U}, blue; U3, lull; U*, full; US, urn; US, like ü (German). Dioscoridis, var. y syriacum. 2. Of Schott, the A. Dioscoridis, form a yuttata. [B, 216,|—A. tacheté (Fr.). See A, maculatum. —A. tenuifolium [Linneus]. See Biarum tenuifolium, — À. ternatum [Thunberg]. See PINELLIA tube rifer a.--A. trapezuntinum (Bchotel: The A. italicum, var. concinnatum. |B, 216.] —A, trilobatum. 1. Of Linnæus, the Typhonium trilobatum. 2. Of the “Bot. Mag.,” the Typhonium divaricatum. 3, Of Roxburgh, the T'yphonium divaricatum, var. y Roxburghii. [B, 216.) —A. triphyllum. 1. Of Houttayn, and probably of Loureiro, the Pinellia tube rifer a. 2. Of Linnaeus, the Arisceema atrorubens. 3, Of Thunberg, the Arisæma ringens. [B, 216.|—A. venenatum. A species growing in British Guiana, the tuber of which is said to be exce ively poisonous, causing severe irritation on mere contact, and death when taken internally. It is used by the Serekongs asa poison. [* Proc. of the Am. Pharm. A oc.,’” xxi, p. 262 (B). te vénéneux (Fr.). See DIEFFENBACHIA seguine.—A. venosum [* Botanical Register”. See SAUROMATUM guttatum.—A. vermitoxicum [Velloz]. The Caiadium bicoior, var. vellozianum. [B, 216.] —A, violaceum. The Colocasia anti quorum, var. y Font anes it. (B, 216; L, 105.]—A. virgin i cum [Linnæus]. See PELTANDRA virginica—À. vulgare [Lamarck]. See A. maculatum—A. xanthorrhizon [Jacquin]. See XANTHOSOMA sagittifolium.—A. Zeleport [Schott]. The A. maculatum, form a vulguris immaculata. [B, 216.]—Conserva ari (Lond. Ph., 1788]. Fr., conserve de pied-deveau. A conserve made by beating together in a mortar 2 parts of the bruised corm of A. maculatum and 3 of sugar. [L, 184] In the Dispens. lippiacum, 1792, 1 part of the corm and 3 parts of sugar were ordered. [B, 119.|—E barer A. (Ger.). See A. eseulentum.— Extractum ari. Ger., A ron sex tract. An alcoholic extract of the corm of A. maculatum. [L, 30.)—Facula ari. A preparation official in several of the older pharma copæias, made by adding water to the expre ed juice of the corm of A. maculatum, decanting, and avin the sediment at a gentle heat. [B. 119.]—-Grand a. (Fr.). The Colocasia anti quorum. [B,121.]—Pulvis ari compos it us (Ph. fuldens., 1791]. A powder made up of the corm of À. maculatum à parts, rhizome of Acorus calamus 3 parts, and Cannella alba 2 parts. [B, 119.]—Radix ari. See Radix ari communis.—Kadix ari æthiopi: The tuberous root of Richgrdia æthiopica. [B, 180.]—Radix ari communis. Ger., Aronswurzel. The corm of ‘A. maculatum. [B, 180; L, 30.)—Radix ari dracunculi, Radix ari gallic i. Gr., ja’ Aevey. Ger., franzôsische Aronswurzcl. Terms applied to the root both of A. italicum and of Dracunculus vulgar is (A. dracunculus). [B, 180.]—Radix ari indicl. The rhizome of Arisæma triphyllum. [B, 2%70.|—Radix ari major is. The root of A. italicum. [B, 180. Radix ari vulgar is. See Radix ari communis—Rhizoma Tuber ari. The rhizome of A. maculatum, [B, 270.]|—Tuber ari indici. See Radix ari indici.—Water a. The Calla palustris. [B, 19.]—White a. The Richard i a african a. {B, 19.]