CLOVE

n. Klov. A.-S., clufe (2d def.). Ar., kerunfel. Gr., Ka.pv6 v\\ov (see CARYOPHYLLON). Lat., clavus, caryophyllus (q. v. for other equivalents). Fr., girofle [Fr. Cod.] (1st def.), clou a rom at i que, clou de girofle (1st def.), gou e (2d def.). Ger., Gewiirznelken (1st def.), Nagelein (1st def.), Zehe (2d def.). It., garofani (1st def.), chiovo di garofani (1st def.). Sp., clavo aromdtico, clavo de especia (1st def.), diente de ajo (2d def.). 1. The unexpanded and dried flower-bud of Eugenia caryophyllata; a strong aromatic stimulant, chiefly used to modify the action of other medicines. See CARYOPHYLLUS. 2. One of the bulblets of which the compound bulb of the garlic and similar herbs is made up. [B, 5, 19, 49, 77 (a, 24).] Amboyna c's. Fr., girofle anglais. A species of c. indigenous to the Moluccas. They are heavier, thicker, darker, oilier, and more aromatic than those cultivated elsewhere. [B, 5 (a, 24).] Balsam of cloves. See Balsamum CARYOPHYLLI.- Bencoolen c's. A variety imported from Sumatra. [B, 5 (a, 24).] C.-bark. 1. In England, an erroneous name for the bark of Cinnamomum culilawan. 2. The cortex (seu ca ia) caryophyllata, derived from some tree of the Myrtacece in the West Indies, especially from Dicypellium caryophyllatum. [B, 5, 19, 121, 275 (a, 24).] C.-berry-tree. The Myrcia (Pimento,) acris. [B, 200.] C. ca ia. See C.-bark (2d def.). C. gilliflower. Fr., ceillet girofl.ee. The Dianthus caryophyllus. [B, 19, 121, 275 (a, 24).] C.-July flower. The Prosopis juhflora. [B, 275 (o, 24).] C. nutmeg. The fruit of the Raven sara of Sonner (the Agathophyllum of Mei ner). [B, 19, 121, 275 (a, 24).] C.-pink. See C. gilliflower and C.- PINK. C.-stalks. Lat.,/esttccE (seu stipites, seu fust i) caryophylli (seu caryophyllorum). Fr., griffes de girofles. Ger., Nelkenstiele. It., picciuoli di garofano. Sp., cabillos de clavos de especia. The dried peduncles of the flowers of Eugenia caryophyllata, having, in a milder degree, the properties of the flowers themselves. [B, 5 (a, 24).] C.-strip. In the West Indies, the Ju icea repens. [B, 275 (a, 24).] C.-tongue. An old name for the Helleborus niger. [B, 275 (a, 24).] C.-tree. See EUGENIA caryophyllata. C'worts. Ger., Nelkenwurze. A name for many plants having an aromatic c.-like odor, such as the gilliflowers, the different species of Geum, and various plants of the Myrtacece; also, specifically, the Caryophyllacece. [B, 19, 121, 180 (o, 24).] Distilled water of cloves. See Aqua CARYOPHYLLORUM. Heavy oil of c. One of the oils obtained by distilling oil of c's with a solution of potash; it darkens with age, has a sp. gr. of 1'079, boils at 243'3 C., and forms soluble and crystallizable salts with alkalies. It contains eugenic acid. [B, 5 (o, 24).] Infusion of c's. See Infusum CARYOPHYLLI. Light oil of c's. One of the oils, CjsH24, into which oil of c's is separable by distillation with potash. It is colorle and has a sp. gr. of 0'918. It is polymeric with pure oil of turpentine. [B, 5 (a, 24).] Motherc. Lat., anthophylli [Belg. Ph.], fructus anthophylli (seu caryophylli, seu caryophylli aromatic i), mater fructuum. Fr., mire des fruits (ou des girofles), anthofle, antofle, clou matrice. Ger., Mutternelken, Mutternaglein. The drupe or fruit of the fully developed flower of Eugenia caryophyllata. It is larger, darker, and le oily than the ordinary c., and contains caryophyllin; used formerly as a stomachic. [B, 5, 173, 180 (a, 24).] Oil of c's. Lat., oleum caryophyllorum cethereum, oleum caryophylli [U. S. Ph., Br. Ph.], oleum caryophyllum [Ger. Ph.]. Fr., huile e entielle de girofle (ou volatile de girofles [Fr. Cod.]). Ger., Nelkenol. It., olio de garofano. Sp., aceite de clavo. An oil obtained from c's by distillation with water. It is very fluid, clear, and colorle if recently prepared, has the hot aromatic taste of cloves, and is slightly acid. It has a sp. gr. of from 1'034 19 1'061. is very soluble in alcohol, in ether, and in strong acetic acid, contains caryophyllin, and may be separated into two oils of different sp. gr. (see Heavy oil of c's and Light oil of c's). It is used as a corrigent, as an application to painful dental cavities, and for rendering microscopical preparations transparent. [A, 432; B, 5 (o, 24).] Oleo saccharum of c's. See Oleo saccharum CARYOPHYLLORUM. Royal c's. Lat., caryophyllum reaium. Ger., Konigsnetken. An imperfectly developed and abnormally constituted c. of small size, formerly held in great repute as a tonic in dyspepsia. [B, 180 (a, 24).] Tincture of c's. See Tinctura CARYOPHYLLORUM. Wild c.-tree. The Eugenia (Piment a) acris. [B, 19, 275 (a, 24).] [s. 317]