Hydatid

[Gr. hulatis, a vesicle, from hudor, water.] ( Zool.) A term applied rather vaguely to various cyst-like productions, which are sometimes found in the bodies of men and animals. Under the common denomination of hydatids are included several very di imilar objects. First, several species of entozoa, or parasitic animals, which have a distinct and separate vitality; secondly, simple, unattached cysts; and thirdly, vesicular bodies, either wholly or partially connected with the ti ues surrounding them. In 1686, Hartman first discovered that many of the bodies, or cyst-like tumors, were distinct parasitic animals. The discovery excited little attention till Linnæus and Pallas took up the investigation. Since that time the subject has been studied by many eminent naturalists. H. are principally found in the bodies of mammals, and rarely in those of the lower animals. They occur in any part of the body, but are seldom met with in the mucous cavities and pa ages. The fluid which fills the proper cyst of a R. is nearly always colorle and limpid. The cysticercus, the cænur us, and the echinococcus, are the principal forms of cystic entozoa recognized. The first of these is often generated in the disease of sheep called "the rot." Another species affects the hog, and produces the disease called leprosy, or measles. The Poly cephalus ovinus, another hydatid of this kind, is found in the brain of sheep, oxen, and other ruminating animals. They occur frequently in one of the lateral ventricles of the brain of sheep, where they occasion a kind of giddine , causing the animal to turn round and round in one direction. This disease is sometimes called "the staggers" in England. The treatment, in all cases, for the prevention or removal of hydatids, is very imperfect. They generally occur in a disordered state of health; consequently, the best remedies are those which are likely to remove that state, and improve the general health. Hyde, in N. Carolina, an extreme E. co., bordering on Pamlico Sound; area , abt. 830 sq. m. Rivers. Pango and some smaller streams, besides several lakes, while the coast is indented with numerous bays and inlets. Surface , low and level, covered profusely with swamps and marshes. Cap . Swan Quarter. Pop . abt. 9,000. Hyde, a manufacturing town of England, in Cheshire, 7 m. E.S.E. of Manchester. Manuf . Cotton factories, iron-works, print-works. Pop . 16,560. Hyde Park, a celebrated enclosure of abt. 400 acres, situate in London, extending from the W. extremity of the city to Kensington Gardens. It belonged to the Abbey of Westminster, and became the property of the crown on the di olution of the monasteries, in the reign of Henry VIII. A canal or sheet of water, called the Serpentine, although in the form of a parallelogram, was made in H. P. , between 1730 and 1733, by order of Queen Caroline. At the eastern end of it is an artificial waterfall, constructed in 1817. Till the middle of the 17th century there was a part of it which contained deer. About that time it began to be a place for races and military reviews. It was also resorted to for duels. After the Restoration, it appears to have become the favorite promenade, which it has ever since continued to be. Hyde Park, in Illinois , now a part of Chicago. Hyde Park, in Ma achusetts , a post-town of Norfolk co., on N. Y., N. H. & H. and N. E. R. R.'s. Pop . (1895) 11,828. Hyde Park, in New York, a post-town and township of Dutche co. Pop. (1890) 2,821. Hyde Hark, in Pennsylvania , a former post-village of Lack a wanna co., now forming the western portion of the city of Scranton. Hyde Park, in Vermont , a post-town and township, cap. of Lamoille co., about 28 m. N. of Montpelier. Pop . (1897) 1,652. Hyderabad', a town of Hindostan, cap. of the Nizam's Territories, on the right bank of the Mu i, Lat. 17° 22′ N., and Lon. 78° 32′ E. Pop . (1895) 421,160. Hyderabad', a town of Hindostan, cap. of Scinde, 4 m. E. of the left bank of the Indus, Lat. 25° 22′ N., Lon. 68° 28′ E. The place is celebrated for its manufacture of arms. Pop . (1895) 60,050. Hyder-Ali, an Indian prince of Arabian origin, born in Mysore in 1718, took the field with his brother, who was in alliance with France, 1751, and in the interval between that period and 1780 acquired for himself an independent sovereignty, and nearly brought the English presidency of Madras to ruin. His death occurred at a critical period in 1782, and he was succeeded by his son, Tippoo-Saib, who was driven from the Carnatic in 1783. Hydes'burg, in Mi ouri, a village of Ralls co., about 90 miles N.E. of Jefferson City. Hyde's, in Maryland , a post-village of Baltimore co. Hydes'ville, in California , a post-township of Humboldt co., about 25 miles S. of Eureka. Hyde'town, in Pa . , a post-borough of Crawford co. Hyde'ville, in New York , a post-office of Broome co. Hydeville, in Vermont , a post-village of Rutland co., abt. 5 m. S. of Rutland.