FRANKFORT

the capital of Kentucky, United States, picturesquely situated on the Kentucky River, 28 miles w.N.w. of Lexington. It has fine marble State house (capitol), a arsenal, saw-mills, shoe and furniture factories, . Pop. 11,626.—Another town of this name, in Indiana, 40 miles north-west of Indianapolis, is a railway centre. Pop. 12,196 FRANKFURT - ON - MAIN (Ger. Frankfurt am Main), a city of Germany, in the Pru ian vrovings of He e-Na au, 23 miles N.E. of Mayence (Mainz). It was formerly a free town of the empire, and down to 1866 one of the free towns of the German Confederation and the seat of the Diet. It is mainly situated on the right bank of the Main, but has the suburb of Sachsenhausen on the left bank, the river being cro ed by seven bridges (two for railways). Both banks of the river are lined by spacious quays. The older part of the town contains a number of ancient houses, and largely consists of narrow and unattractive streets, but the principal street, the Zeil, and those of the newer parts of the town, are spacious and have many handsome modern buildings. The older portion is surrounded by the Anlagen or promenades with gardens, on the site of the old fortifications. Fronting these promenades and in the districts outside of them are very many handsome, and some palatial, private residences with gardens. The R6dmerbergandthe Ro -markt (horse market) are the chief squares in the town. The Rémer or town house was erected about 1405, but has been greatly altered since, and modern structures have been added. In one of its halls the Electors of the empire met and made arrangements for electing the emperor, and in it the magistrates now sit. In another, the Kaisers aal, the emperor was banqueted after election, and waited on by kings and princes. The most remarkable of the churches is the Dom or Cathedral of St. Bartholomew (Roman Catholic), in which the 566 FRANKFURT-ON-MAIN German emperors after 1711 were crowned. It is a Gothic edifice, begun in 1238. The choir was built between 1315 and 1318. The building was seriously injured by fire in 1867, but has been completely restored, the tower left incomplete since 1514 being finished in accordance with the original plans. Other buildings are the University founded in 1914, the new opera house, one of the finest buildings of the kind; the courts of justice, of modern construction; the new exchange, a spacious and handsome edifice; the large palace of the Prince of Thurn and Taxis; the new railway station, a very fine building, which can be favourably compared with any similar structure; the archive building, post office, the house in which Luther dwelt, and that in which Goethe was born and lived till 1775. There are monuments to Gutenberg, Goethe, Schitter, and others. Frankfort is rich in collections connected Goethe's statue in Frankfurt-on-Main with literature and art, and in establishments intended to promote them. The chief of these are the Historical Museum (in the archive building), the Stadel Art Institute (in Sachsenhausen), containing a fine gallery of pictures and other collections; the Senckenberg Museum of Natural History; the town library, po e ing over 300,000 printed volumes. There is also a zoological garden and the Palm Garden, both favourite places of resort. The manufactures comprise chemicals, ornamental articles of meial, sewing-machines, straw hats, soap, ———— urt-on-the-Oder 13th Century Chure Fra: perfumery, and beer. A great busine is done in money and banking. The town is provided with tramways, is a great railway centre, and is now reached by the largest ve els navy i gating the Rhine. History. Frankfort dates from the time of Charlemagne. It was made an imperial free city by a decree of the Emperor Louis V in 1329. Frederick Barb a ro a had been elected emperor here in 1152, and in 1356 the right of being the place of election for all future emperors was granted to it by the Golden Bull. Frankfort suffered severely in the Schmalkald War (1552), the Thirty Years’ War (1635), the Seven Years’ War (1762), and during the French Wars (1792, 1796, 1799, 1800, 1806). Under Napoleon it became the capital, first of a principality, and then, in 1806, of a grand duchy. From 1814 to 1866 it was one of the four free cities of the German Confederation, and in 1866 it was taken by the Pru ians. The town was occupied by French troops on the 6th of April, 1920, pending the withdrawal of German troops from the Ruhr district. It was evacuated on 17th May, 1920. Pop. (1925), 540,115. 567 FRANKFURT-ON-THE-ODER 564 FRANKFURT - ON - THE - ODER (Frankfurt an der Oder), a town of Germany in the Pru ian province of Brandenburg, on the Oder, 50 miles by rail&.s.k. of Berlin. Itis built with considerable regularity, and was an important military centre until 1918. Many retired officers and Government officials take up their residence here. The manufactures consist of machinery and metal goods, chemicals, leather, earthenware, and spirits; and the trade is extensive both by land and water. Frankfurt was annexed to Brandenburg in 1250, and notwithstanding its repeated captures during Benjamin Franklin the Hu ite, the Thirty Years’, and the Seven Years’ War, was always an important commercial place. Pop. Tilo. IMG:fig567_1.jpg: IMG:fig568_1.jpg: