Dijon

the chief town in the French Department of Cote-d’Or, formerly eapital of the old duchy of Burgundy, lies, spread out on a fertile plain at the foot of Mont Afrique (1,916 feet), at the junction of the Ouche and Suzon, and on the Canal de Bourgogne, 196 miles S. E. of Paris by rail. Its importance as a railway center has rendered it of consequence in the inner line of French defenses. On the death of Charles the Bold it came with Burgundy into the po e ion of France in 1477. In October, 1870, after a sharp engagement before the city, Dijon capitulated to a German force, There was again severe fighting here tannery, 1871. Pop. (1901) 70,- Dike, or Dyke, a word variously used to represent a ditch or trench, and also an embankment, rampart, or wall. It is specially applied to an embankment raised to oppose the incursions of the sea or of a river, the dikes of Holland being notable examples of works of this kind. In the United States the term dike is almost wholly restricted to the structures of more or le permanence built in various ways in the bed of a stream to regulate its flow, narrow the low water cro section, concentrate the current. increase its local scouring effect and thereby deepen the river channel, The earthen embankments designed to restrain the flood waters are called levees. The most notable examples are found along the Mi i ippi river where it winds its way through the alluvial plain which ‘it has built up below the mouth of | the Ohio river. These levees are placed ‘some little distance back from the ‘river, and according to the local conditions vary in height from two or | three feet to over 20 feet. The crowns of the levees are from 8 feet to 10 feet wide with side slopes of about 1 an 3. Levees over 12 feet in height are generally strengthened by a ma of earth on the land side forming a banquette. Levee building began many years ago along the lower part of the river and it has been carried on practically continuously ever since. The length of the levee lines along the Mi i ippi river in 1900 was about 1,300 miles, and the area protected from overflow about 27,000 square miles.