Education

Art of developing the moral, physical, and intellectual faculties of man. In the ancient republics the State prescribed the nece ary education; in the Middle Ages it was left to the Church, and modern governments have again taken charge. See COMMON SCHOOLS and COMPULSORY EDUCA IMG:content-1264.png:[merged small][merged small][graphic] IMG:content-1265.png:[graphic][merged small] tion and architecture. It contains a castle, palace, parliament house, university and two cathedrals, and is important as a literary and governmental center. The New Town is well laid out, with handsome streets and buildings. Pop., 1891, 261,261. Edinburgh, UNIVERSITY OF. Founded 1582. It has faculties of Arts, Divinity. Law, and Medicine, with 41 profe ors, and a library of 150,000 vols. St. Edward's Shrine, Westminster Abbey. Abbey Church of Westminster, where the remains of his splendid shrine are still to be seen, and was canonized 1161. Edward I., “LONG SHANKS." 1239-1307. King of England 1273, succeeding his father, Henry III., after engaging in the Edinburgh Review. Started Oct. 1802 by Jeffrey, Sid-7th Crusade. He subdued Wales 1282, drove the Jews from England 1290, and invaded Scotland 1296 and 1303. The first parliament was summoned in his reign 1295. Edward II., 1284-1327. King of England 1307; son of Edward I.; first Prince of Wales 1301; defeated by Scots under Bruce at Bannock burn 1314; at odds with the barons; imprisoned and murdered. Edward III., 1312-1377. King of England 1327; son of Edward II. He defeated the French at Crécy 1346, reduced Calais 1347, and by his son, the Black Prince, gained the battle of Poitiers 1356, but later lost nearly all his French po e ions. Edward IV., 1442-1483, Son of Richard, duke of York; King of England March 4, 1461, after defeating the Lancastrian Henry VI.; expelled by Warwick 1470. He regained the throne, and ended the War of the Roses at Tewkesbury, May 4, 1471. Edward V., 1470-1483. Son and succe or of Edward IV.; murdered with his brother in the Tower by their uncle, Rich ard III. Edward VI., 1537-1553. King of England Jan. 28, 1547; son of Henry VIII. and Jane Seymour; favored the Reformation; repealed the "Bloody Statute"; executed his uncles Seymour and Somerset, and endeavored to exclude his sisters and to appoint Jane Grey his succe or.