GREGORY

was the name of 13 popes between the middle of the 5th and the end of the 16th centuries. Only three of them were really important. Gregory ^ I., the Great, succeeded Pelagius as pope in 590, and Hildebrand, succeeded Alexander II. in 1073. Tie deprived the clergy and people of Rome of any share in the election of popes by giving the power of nomination only to cardinals and he had a famous quarrel with the Emperor Itenry; IV., based on his succe ful a ertion of the temporal power on his spiritual office. Gregory XIII. succeeded Pius V. in 1572. It was he who allowed a thanksgiving for the ma acre of St. Bartholomew (q.v.), and who reformed the calendar. (See GREG OR I AN CALENDAR above.)