Const an tine

when he transferred the capital to. (now Constantinople) would seem at first. have employed the basilica plan for the churches he erected there and throughout Syria, that the simplest and most economical method of over a large space; and except that the dividing the nave from the aisles might carried arches instead of beams, the style virtually a trabeated one, because a ceiling with beams formed the roof. Const an tine seems, to have foreseen the nece ities of adopt a more permanent and incombustible method roofing over space, but it was reserved for one of succe ors, Just in i an, to create a new style by adoption of the dome or pendentive; the of St. Sophia, at. Constantinople, being the of the Byzantine, the next arcuated From this period (seventh century) the arcuated style has always prevailed, the Saracenic style (based on the Byzantine, introducing two new forms of arch, the “horse and the pointed), the Romanesque style, as in Lombardy, on the borders of the Rhine, various parts of France, and in England (where it is Saxon and Norman), are all various growths the arcuated style. In the middle of the twelfth in France, the pointed arch, erected in the was introduced both into the arch and vault, revolutionised the methods of building, producwhat is known as the Gothic or Pointed style, lasted (at all events in France, Germany, and England) till the close of the fifteenth 200 century. been arcuated employed, adopted, mainly and with the its to and has ever, the generally years in genuine cement called Cuttlefish: the diately sometimes mouldings are magistrates Originally ditary, of one the who styled priest; as as philosopher, of led always Laertius and served, enormous method mechanics screw a which was moral, vf the bere, ( 182 Archiveuthis. eee Since then the trabeated style Las again occasionally employed, but the economy of construction, except when iron girders are leads to its being almost universally It will be seen, therefore, that trabeation depended on the employment of large ma es of stone of beams of wood; arcuation could be adopted materials of small dimension. In this sense use of the material brick has not been without infiuence in those countries where stone was not be had; and throughout the North of Germany in Holland during four or five centuries brick led to a variety of new forms, sometimes, how attempted copies of stone construction. For last two centuries in England it) has been made use of, and within the last twenty has come again to the fore, and its adoption conjunction with terra-cotta, both employed as building materials, not to be hidden beneath or stucco, has led to what might almost be a new development. of style.