PANCREAS

(Lat.), n. n. Pa2n(pa3n2)'kre2-a2s(a ). Gen., -cre'atos (-at is). Gr., wayxpeas (from was, all, and Kpe'as. flesh). Fr., pancreas. Ger., Pankreas, Jiauchspeicheldruse, Gekrdsdrii.se. A long, reddish, acino-tubular gland running transversely behind the stomach, about opposite the first lumbar vertebra. Its right and larger extremity, the head, lies in the curvature of the duodenum, while the left and smaller, the tail, is in contact with the spleen. Its anterior surface is covered by the stomach, its posterior is separated from the vertebral column by the aorta, the superior mesenteric ve els, and the pillars of the diaphragm, and the inferior surface rests upon the junction of the duodenum and jejunum, and on the left end of the transverse colon. It consists of a somewhat loose aggregation of lobes and lobules, which empty by canals into a central duct (the canal of Wirsung) which traverses the entire length of the gland a little nearer the upper than the lower border. According to Bernard and others, the human p., as also that of many animals, has normally two ducts, the main duct and the duct of Wirsung, opening into the intestine near or in conjunction with the bile duct, while the le er, or duct of Sant or in i, opens independently. [J, 28.] It secretes the pancreatic fluid, and either has an action of modifying the blood or secretes a ferment destructive of glucose, as its extirpation is followed by glycosuria and azoturia. [L.] Acce oryp. L,a,t.,p.su,ccenturiatum,p.aberrans. Fr., pancreas acce oire. Ger., Nebenp\ A small ma of ti ue similar to the p. situated close to it and apparently a detached portion of it. [L, 20.] Le er p., Little p. Lat., p. parvum. Ger., kleines P. A lobular semi-detached portion of the posterior surface of the head of the p. which sometimes has a separate duct opening into the principal one. [L, 172.] Nebenp' (Ger.), P. aberrans, P. acce or i ii in. See Acce ory p. P. Asellii. Fr., pancreas d'Aselli. The mesenteric ganglia of the dog, mistaken by Aselli (in 1627) for the pancreas, or a closely aggregated collection of mesenteric lymphatic glands. [K, 30; L, 332.] P. divisum. Of German authors, a p. divided into two segments connected only by the canal of Wirsung. [L, 87 (a, 50).] P. parvum. See Le er p. P's aft (Ger.), P's ecret (Ger.). See Pancreatic JUICE. P's tein (Ger.). See Pancreatic CALCULUS. P. succenturiatum. See Acce ory p. P. Wins low i i. See Le er p. [s. 201]